Cerebral arteriosclerosis refers to chronic brain diseases such as neurasthenia syndrome, arteriosclerotic dementia, and pseudobulbar palsy caused by multiple infarctions, softening, necrosis, and atrophy of the brain after cerebral arteriosclerosis. Cerebral arteriosclerosis can cause acute cerebral circulation disorders such as TCIA and stroke, as well as symptoms of chronic cerebral ischemia. The symptoms and signs are different from those of TCIA, stroke, and vascular dementia. It is more appropriate to diagnose cerebral arteriosclerosis when there is a history of TCIA or mild stroke but no obvious sequelae. Therefore, it is still necessary to keep the diagnosis of cerebral arteriosclerosis, which is helpful to remind patients and doctors to prevent and treat stroke early.