Hypersplenism (abbreviated as hypersplenism) is a syndrome caused by different diseases that cause splenomegaly and hemocyte reduction. The clinical manifestations are splenomegaly, one or more hemocyte reductions, and corresponding proliferation of bone marrow hematopoietic cells, which can be relieved by splenectomy. After the treatment of the primary disease, the clinical symptoms of some cases can be alleviated. It is generally believed that hypersplenism is often accompanied by varying degrees of splenomegaly. This enlarged spleen has a retention effect on blood cells, and the proliferation of splenic sinuses enhances the phagocytosis and destruction of blood cells, which is an important cause of the clinical manifestations of hypersplenism. After splenectomy, the clinical symptoms can be corrected.