Rectal prolapse refers to a pathological condition in which the anal canal, rectum, and even the lower end of the sigmoid colon are displaced downward and protrude outside the anus. Only submucosal prolapse is incomplete prolapse, while prolapse of the entire rectum is complete prolapse. The prolapsed part located inside the rectum is called internal prolapse, while prolapse outside the anus is called external prolapse. Rectal prolapse is more common in children and the elderly. Rectal prolapse is a self-limiting disease in children, and most of them heal themselves before the age of 5, so non-surgical treatment is the main treatment. For adults with more severe complete rectal prolapse, long-term prolapse will cause pudendal nerve damage, resulting in anal incontinence, ulcers, perianal infection, rectal bleeding, edema, necrosis and stenosis of the prolapsed intestinal segment, and surgical treatment should be the main treatment.