Purulent meningitis of newborn (hereinafter referred to as meningitis) is an inflammation of the meninges caused by purulent bacteria in the neonatal period. Meningitis is a common life-threatening disease in newborns. The disease is often part of sepsis or secondary to sepsis. However, some children have no symptoms of sepsis, but only temporary bacteremia. Its clinical symptoms are often atypical (especially premature infants), mainly manifested by restlessness, crying, screaming, irritability, and coma and convulsions in severe cases. Sometimes it manifests as poor response, drowsiness, and refusal to feed. Therefore, when purulent meningitis is suspected, cerebrospinal fluid should be checked early, early diagnosis, and timely and thorough treatment should be carried out to reduce mortality and sequelae.