It has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, especially against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It has antibacterial activity against most bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, enzyme-producing Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. It has antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and only moderate antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic Streptococcus and Enterococcus faecalis. It has good effects on Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, and Legionella, and also has antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria. It has poor antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria. It acts on the A subunit of bacterial DNA helicase, inhibiting DNA synthesis and replication, leading to bacterial death.

It can directly stimulate adrenaline receptors, and can also indirectly stimulate adrenaline receptors by prompting adrenaline nerve endings to release norepinephrine. It has a stimulating effect on both alpha and beta receptors. It can dilate bronchi and constrict local blood vessels, and its action time is longer; it strengthens myocardial contractility, increases cardiac output, and makes venous return to the heart sufficient; it has a stronger central nervous system stimulating effect than adrenaline.

It has ① antihistamine effect, which can compete with histamine released from tissues for H1 receptors on effector cells, thereby stopping allergic reactions; ② at the same time, it inhibits central nervous system activity and causes sedative and hypnotic effects; ③ it enhances the effect of antitussive drugs.

By inhibiting bacterial transpeptidase, it prevents the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and inhibits or kills bacteria. When used in combination with trimethoprim, it can enhance antibacterial ability, delay the development of drug resistance, and reduce oral dosage.

By inhibiting bacterial transpeptidase, it prevents the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and inhibits or kills bacteria. When used in combination with cephalexin, it can enhance antibacterial ability, delay the development of drug resistance, and reduce oral dosage.

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, with an antibacterial spectrum similar to kanamycin but with weaker antibacterial effect, have good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus and other Enterobacteriaceae, also have good effects on some Staphylococci (methicillin-sensitive strains), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, have weak effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus, and have no effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and anaerobic bacteria. Bacteria have cross-resistance to this product and kanamycin. It mainly binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. This product is less toxic than kanamycin.

Aminoglycoside antibiotics have a strong antibacterial effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the minimum inhibitory concentration is generally 0.5mg/ml; they have antibacterial effects on many Gram-negative bacilli; they have poor effects on Staphylococcus and other Gram-positive cocci; all groups of streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and anaerobic bacteria are resistant to them. Streptomycin mainly binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibits the synthesis of bacterial proteins. Bacteria are very likely to develop drug resistance after contact with streptomycin. Combining it with other antibacterial drugs or anti-tuberculosis drugs can reduce or delay the development of drug resistance.