It has a direct spasmolytic effect on smooth muscle and can inhibit the muscarinic effect of acetylcholine on smooth muscle. It can selectively act on the detrusor muscle of the bladder, reduce the intra-bladder pressure, increase the bladder capacity, reduce involuntary bladder contractions and relieve urinary urgency, urinary frequency and urinary incontinence. It has no blocking effect on skeletal muscle ganglia and autonomic ganglia.

Covers the surface of gastric mucosa, protects gastric mucosa and reduces adverse stimulation of the stomach; has anti-secretory effect; adsorbs bacteriocins (such as toxins produced by Escherichia coli or enterotoxins produced by Vibrio cholerae); has direct antibacterial activity.

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After entering the body, metronidazole is acted upon by intracellular ion transporters, forming a concentration gradient that promotes the transport of drugs into cells. The drug forms free radicals in the cells, which in turn react with intracellular components and eventually lead to the death of microorganisms. It has antibacterial effects on Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (such as Clostridium, Eubacterium, black peptococcus, and peptostreptococcus) and Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria (such as Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium). It also has a killing effect on parasitic protozoa such as Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis.

This product is a hypoglycemic drug that can reduce fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes, and can reduce HbAlc by 1% to 2%. Its mechanism of lowering blood sugar is: 1. Increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin and increase insulin-mediated glucose utilization. 2. Increase the utilization of glucose by non-insulin-dependent tissues, such as the brain, blood cells, renal medulla, intestines, skin, etc. 3. Inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis and reduce hepatic glucose output. 4. Inhibit intestinal wall cells from taking up glucose. Unlike the action of insulin, this product has no effect on promoting fat synthesis, has no obvious hypoglycemic effect on normal people, and generally does not cause hypoglycemia when used alone for type 2 diabetes.