It is a protein kinase activator and a derivative of nucleotides. It is an important substance with physiological activity that is widely present in the human body. It is produced by adenosine triphosphate under the catalysis of adenylate cyclase and can regulate various functional activities of cells. As the second messenger of hormones, it plays a role in regulating physiological functions and material metabolism in cells, can change the function of cell membranes, promote calcium ions in reticulum to enter muscle fibers, thereby enhancing myocardial contraction, and can promote the activity of respiratory chain oxidases, improve myocardial hypoxia, relieve symptoms of coronary heart disease and improve electrocardiograms. In addition, it plays an important role in regulating sugar, fat metabolism, nucleic acid, and protein synthesis.

One of the eight essential amino acids for the human body, it combines with ATP to generate S-adenosine, promotes methylation of liver cell membrane phospholipids, reduces intrahepatic bile stasis, strengthens transsulfurization, restores the physiological function of liver cells, promotes the disappearance of jaundice and recovery of liver function, supplies methyl to promote choline synthesis, promotes liver fat metabolism, protects the liver and detoxifies.

It combines with pyrophosphate in the body to form a cocarboxylase, participating in the oxidative decarboxylation reaction of pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate in glucose metabolism, and is necessary for glucose metabolism.