Compound Sodium Chloride Injection

Compound sodium chloride is a drug for replenishing body fluids and regulating water and electrolyte balance. It contains water for injection, Na- and Cl- ions, and a small amount of K and Ca2 ions. Sodium and chloride are important electrolytes in the body. They are mainly present in extracellular fluid and play a very important role in maintaining normal blood and the volume and osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid. The normal serum chloride concentration is 135-145mmol/L. It accounts for 92% of plasma cations and 90% of the total osmotic pressure, so the amount of plasma sodium plays a decisive role in the osmotic pressure. The normal serum chloride concentration is 98-106mmol/L. In the human body, sodium and chloride ions are mainly regulated by the hypothalamus, posterior pituitary and kidneys to maintain the stability of body fluid volume and osmotic pressure. In addition to the above effects, compound sodium chloride can also supplement a small amount of potassium ions and calcium ions.

This product is a compound preparation containing 0.85% sodium chloride, 0.03% potassium chloride and 0.033% calcium chloride.

1. Water loss due to various reasons, including hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic water loss; 2. Hyperosmotic non-ketotic coma, the use of isotonic or hypotonic sodium chloride can correct water loss and hypertonic state; 3. Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. When the patient cannot eat or eats less for some reason and needs to supplement the daily physiological needs, sodium chloride injection or compound sodium chloride injection can generally be given. Because this product contains very little potassium, hypokalemia needs to be supplemented as needed.

1 Hypertonic dehydration When hypertonic dehydration occurs, the osmotic concentration of brain cells and cerebrospinal fluid increases. If the treatment causes the sodium concentration and osmotic concentration of plasma and extracellular fluid to drop too quickly, brain edema may occur. Therefore, it is generally believed that within 48 hours after the start of treatment, the plasma sodium concentration should not drop by more than 0.5mmol/L per hour. If the patient is in shock, sodium chloride injection should be given first, and fluid should be supplemented as appropriate. When the shock is corrected, the blood sodium is 155mmol/L and the plasma osmotic concentration is 350mosm/L, 0.6% hypotonic sodium chloride injection can be given. When the plasma osmotic concentration is <330msm/L, 0.9% sodium chloride injection should be used instead. The total amount of fluid replacement is calculated according to the following formula for reference: [blood sodium concentration (mmol/L)-142] The required amount of fluid replacement (L) =____________________________x0.6x body weight (kg) sodium concentration (mmol/L) Generally, half of the amount is replenished on the first day, and the remaining amount is replenished in the next 2-3 days; and it should be adjusted as appropriate according to cardiopulmonary and renal function. 2 Isotonic dehydration principle: Isotonic solution is given, such as 0.9% sodium chloride injection or compound sodium chloride injection, but the chloride concentration of the above solution is significantly higher than that of plasma, and large-scale use alone can cause hyperchloremia; therefore, 0.9% sodium bicarbonate and 1.25% sodium bicarbonate or 1.86% (1/6M) sodium lactate can be prepared in a ratio of 7:3 and then replenished. The latter has a chloride concentration of 107mmol/L and can correct metabolic acidosis. The amount of replenishment can be calculated according to body weight or red blood cell area for reference. ① Calculated by body weight: Fluid replenishment (L) = {weight loss (kg) x 142) / 154; ② Calculated by hematocrit: Fluid replenishment (L) = (actual hematocrit - normal hematocrit) x body weight {kg} x 0.2 / normal hematocrit. Normal hematocrit is 48% for men and 42% for women. 3. Hypotonic dehydration: In severe hypotonic dehydration, the amount of solutes in brain cells is reduced to maintain only the cell volume. If the treatment causes the plasma and extracellular sodium concentrations and osmotic concentrations to rise rapidly, brain cell damage may occur. It is generally believed that when the blood sodium is lower than 120mmol/L or when central nervous system symptoms appear. 3%~5% sodium chloride injection can be slowly dripped. It is generally required to increase the blood concentration to above 120mmol/L within 6 hours. Sodium supplementation (mmol/L) = [142-actual blood sodium concentration 9MMOL/L)] x body weight (kg) x 0.2. When the blood sodium rises to above 120~125mmol/L, isotonic solution can be used instead or hypertonic glucose injection or 10% sodium chloride injection can be added to the isotonic solution as appropriate. 4. Hypochloric alkalosis: 0.9% sodium chloride injection or compound sodium chloride injection (Ringer's solution) 500-1000ml is given, and the dosage is determined according to the alkalosis condition.

1. Excessive and rapid infusion can cause water and sodium retention, resulting in edema, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, chest tightness, dyspnea, and even acute left heart failure. 2. Improper administration of hypertonic sodium chloride can lead to hyperosmolarity. 3. Excessive and rapid administration of hypotonic sodium chloride can cause hemolysis, cerebral edema, etc.

1. Edema diseases, such as nephrotic syndrome, ascites due to cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, acute left heart failure, cerebral edema and idiopathic edema; 2. Oliguria in acute renal failure and patients with chronic renal failure with decreased urine volume and poor response to diuretics; 3. Hypertension and hypokalemia.

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500 ml