L-Carnitine for Injection

Pharmacological action L-carnitine is a natural substance in the body that is required for mammalian energy metabolism. Its main function is to promote lipid metabolism. In the case of hypoxia and ischemia, acyl-CoA accumulates, and long-chain acyl-carnitine also accumulates in the mitochondria, and free carnitine decreases due to large-scale consumption. Ischemia and hypoxia lead to a decrease in ATP levels, increased permeability of cell membranes and subcellular membranes, and accumulated acyl-CoA can cause changes in membrane structure, membrane phase collapse and cell death. In addition, in the case of hypoxia, anaerobic glycolysis of sugar is the main process, and the accumulation of fatty acids leads to acidosis, ion disorder, and cell autolysis and death. A sufficient amount of free carnitine can allow the accumulated acyl-CoA to enter the mitochondria, reduce its inhibition on adenine nucleotide translocase, and allow oxidative phosphorylation to proceed smoothly. L-Carnitine is the main energy source for muscle cells, especially myocardial cells. Many tissues and organs such as the brain and kidney also rely mainly on fatty acid oxidation for energy. L-Carnitine can also increase the activity of NADH cytochrome C reductase and cytochrome oxidase, accelerate the production of ATP, and participate in the detoxification of certain drugs. For various tissue ischemia and hypoxia, L-Carnitine improves the energy supply of tissues and organs by increasing energy production. Other functions of L-Carnitine include: oxidation of medium-chain fatty acids; oxidation of fatty acid peroxidase; buffering the ratio of bound coenzyme A and free coenzyme A, generating energy from ketones, pyruvate, and amino acids (including branched-chain amino acids), removing the toxicity of excessive coenzyme A, and regulating blood ammonia concentration.

L-Carnitine

This product is white or off-white powder

It is suitable for a series of complications caused by secondary carnitine deficiency in patients with chronic renal failure and long-term hemodialysis, such as cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, arrhythmia, hyperlipidemia, hypotension and muscle spasm during dialysis.

The recommended starting dose after each hemodialysis is 10-20 mg/kg, dissolved in 5-10 ml of water for injection, and injected intravenously once over 2-3 minutes. When the plasma L-carnitine trough concentration is lower than normal (40-50 μmol/L), treatment should be started immediately, and the dose should be adjusted in the 3rd or 4th week of treatment (e.g. 5 mg/kg after hemodialysis).

It is mainly transient nausea and vomiting, with a special body odor. Nausea and gastritis do not occur often. Due to the complexity of the pathology causing these reactions, it is difficult to estimate the incidence of these reactions. Oral or intravenous injection of L-carnitine causes epileptic seizures. Regardless of whether there is a history of epilepsy, patients with previous epileptic seizures may induce epilepsy or aggravate epilepsy. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with chronic hemodialysis, the adverse reactions (without considering causality, only reactions with an incidence of ge; 5%) mainly include: systemic system: chest pain, cold symptoms, headache, injection site reaction, pain, etc.; cardiovascular system: cardiovascular abnormalities, hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, etc.; digestive system: diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, etc.; endocrine system: thyroid abnormalities, etc.; blood lymphatic system: anemia, etc.; metabolic system: hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia, hypervolemia, etc.; nervous system: dizziness, insomnia, depression, etc.; respiratory system: cough, pharyngitis, rhinitis, etc.; skin: itching, skin disease; urinary system: abnormal renal function, etc.

It is contraindicated for those who are allergic to this product.

Precautions for children: 50-100 mg/kg/day, intravenous drip or intravenous injection. Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: Although animal experiments cannot prove the reproductive toxicity of L-carnitine, appropriate and controlled studies have not been conducted in pregnant women. The results of animal experiments may differ from those of humans. Pregnant women should use this drug unless it is clinically necessary. It is not clear whether this drug is excreted through breast milk, because many drugs can be excreted through breast milk. Therefore, whether this drug can be used or discontinued during lactation must weigh the pros and cons to the mother. Precautions for the elderly: No appropriate studies have been conducted on the relationship between age and the effects of L-carnitine in the elderly, but it is not expected that there will be any special problems that limit the use of this drug in the elderly.

Based on the potential clinical significance, patients receiving valproate may require an increase in the dose of L-carnitine.

Keep away from light and store in airtight container.

1.0g

24 months

Shanghai SPH New ASIA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

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  1993-08-11

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  No. 978 Chuansha Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai

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