1.1 Display of Product Molecular Formula

2.1 Physical Characteristics

• • Appearance: White crystalline granules or powder, with no visible impurities to the naked eye, uniform granules, good fluidity, and no caking (special customized versions can be made into an emulsion, presenting as a milky white viscous liquid);
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  • Solubility: Easily soluble in water. It can dissolve slowly in cold water (20°C) and the dissolution rate accelerates in warm water (30-40°C). After dissolution, a transparent and viscous aqueous solution is formed with no obvious precipitation. During the dissolution process, uniform stirring is required to avoid severe shearing which may cause molecular chain breakage and affect the use effect.
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  • Stability: It has stable chemical properties under normal temperature and pressure, is not easy to decompose, and can remain effective for a long time if stored properly; avoid exposure to sunlight, high temperature, and humid environments, otherwise it is easy to agglomerate, degrade, and reduce performance.
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  • Density: The bulk density of solid particles is 0.60-0.80g/cm³. The density of the aqueous solution changes with concentration; the higher the concentration, the greater the density.
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  • Odor: No irritating odor. It is a non-flammable, non-explosive, and non-corrosive product with high operational safety.
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• 2.2 Chemical Characteristics

  • • Charge characteristics: The molecular chain carries a strong positive charge, which can undergo a strong electrostatic neutralization reaction with negatively charged suspended particles, colloids, organic substances, etc. in water, quickly breaking the colloidal stability.
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    • Polymeric structure: Linear polymer structure, the length of the molecular chain can be adjusted through processes, with good adsorption and bridging capabilities, which can connect small flocs into large flocculants, facilitating solid-liquid separation;
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    • Functional groups: The core functional groups are cationic groups (quaternary ammonium salt groups, amino groups, etc.). The content of functional groups (cationic degree) can be adjusted, which determines the charge density and action effect of the product.
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    • pH adaptability: The effective pH range is 1-14, and the performance is more stable in neutral and alkaline environments; under acidic conditions (pH < 4), the charge may be neutralized, resulting in reduced effectiveness.
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    • Compatibility: It can be used in combination with inorganic flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride and polyferric sulfate, achieving synergistic effects, significantly improving the treatment effect, and reducing the dosage of chemicals.
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    • Toxicity: The product itself has low toxicity. Through strict process control, the residual acrylamide monomer content is extremely low, meeting national safety standards. The drinking water treatment grade product can meet the requirements related to human health.
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  • 2.3 Product Advantages

    • • Efficient flocculation: small dosage and good effect. The conventional dosage is only 0.01-10ppm (0.01-10g/m³), which can quickly form large flocs with fast sedimentation speed and high solid-liquid separation efficiency.
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      • Wide adaptability: It can handle different types of sewage and sludge, and is especially suitable for systems containing organic matter, many colloidal particles, and negative charges. Compared with anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamide, the treatment effect is improved several times.
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      • Strong adjustability: Molecular weight and cationic degree can be customized according to customer needs. It can be produced with molecular weight ranging from low (below 3 million) to high (above 12 million) and cationic degree from 5% to 90%, which is suitable for different processes and different equipment requirements.
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      • Easy to operate: Solid products have a fast dissolution rate (≤60 minutes), and emulsion products can be directly diluted for use without complicated pre-treatment, reducing operating costs.
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      • Environmental protection and energy saving: No secondary pollution after use. The moisture content of the mud cake after sludge dewatering is low (can be reduced to below 80%), which reduces the amount of sludge disposal, and lowers the environmental protection pressure and treatment cost.
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      • Stable quality: Adopting advanced polymerization technology, the product indicators have small fluctuations and good consistency between batches, ensuring stable and reliable use effects.

    III. Product Specification Parameters

    The specifications of this product can be customized according to the actual needs of customers. The conventional specifications are as follows: The core indicators strictly comply with the requirements of GB/T 31246-2025 "Water Treatment Agent - Cationic Polyacrylamide" standard, and the specific parameters can be adjusted through negotiation.

    
    

    Parameter Name	Unit	Range of conventional specifications	Detection method	Remarks
    Appearance	-	White granules/powder, no impurities	Visual method	Customizable specifications below 3 million and above 12 million
    Molecular weight	megadaltons	300-1200	Ubbelohde viscometer method (intrinsic viscosity indirectly characterized)	30%-50% is commonly used for sludge dewatering, and 40%-60% is commonly used for wastewater decolorization
    Cationic degree	%	5-90	Colloidal titration method / potentiometric titration method	GB/T 31246-2025 Optimization Indicators
    Solid content	%	Solids ≥ 85, Liquids ≥ 7	Loss on drying method (105±2℃, 4 hours)	Tightened limits to reduce sediment residues
    Water-insoluble substances	%	≤2.0	Filtration method	The dissolution time in warm water can be shortened to within 30 minutes
    Dissolution time (25℃)	minute	≤60	Stirring dissolution method (100-300rpm)	0.15mm fine powder amount ≤ 10%
    Screen residue (1.0mm sieve)	%	≤5.0	Standard sieve screening method	GB/T 31246-2025 Upgraded Detection Method
    Residual acrylamide monomer	%	≤0.05 (drinking water grade ≤0.02)	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (Working Curve Method)	Newly added indicators in GB/T 31246-2025
    Ignition residue	%	≤0.5	High-temperature ignition method	Avoid corroding equipment or affecting microorganisms
    pH value (1% aqueous solution)	-	3.0-11.0	pH meter determination method	Avoid corroding equipment or affecting microbial activity
    Heavy metals (calculated as Pb)	%	≤0.001	ICP-MS/Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry	Drinking water grade must meet the relevant limits of GB 5749
    Arsenic (As)	%	≤0.0003	ICP-MS/Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry	Special control indicators for drinking water grade
    Cyanide (calculated as CN⁻)	%	≤0.0002	Spectrophotometry	Special control indicators for drinking water grade
    Acute oral toxicity LD50	mg/kg	>5000	Animal test method	Low toxicity, safe to use

    IV. Product Quality Standards

    4.1 Execution Standards

    This product strictly complies with the latest national standard: GB/T 31246-2025 "Water Treatment Agent - Cationic Polyacrylamide". This standard was released on October 31, 2025 and will be officially implemented on May 1, 2026, replacing the old standard GB/T 31246-2014. It covers full-process specifications such as product requirements, inspection rules, marking and packaging, transportation and storage, ensuring that the product quality is compliant and stable.

     

    At the same time, the product production process complies with the requirements of the ISO 9001 quality management system and ISO 14001 environmental management system. Each batch of products undergoes strict testing and is accompanied by a test report to ensure that product quality is traceable.

    4.2 Quality Classification Standards

    According to the application scenarios and index requirements, this product is divided into industrial grade (ordinary grade, high-efficiency grade) and drinking water grade. The specific classification standards are as follows:

    
    

    Quality Grade	Applicable Scenarios	Core indicator requirements (key differences)
    Industrial Grade (Ordinary Grade)	Industrial wastewater treatment, sludge dewatering (non-contact with food and drinking water), mine tailings treatment, papermaking retention and drainage aid (ordinary paper)	Residual acrylamide monomer ≤ 0.05%, heavy metals (Pb) ≤ 0.001%, no additional requirements for drinking water-related heavy metals and cyanides
    Industrial Grade (High-Efficiency Grade)	Treatment of high-turbidity industrial wastewater, refractory sludge dewatering, oil exploitation, and textile dyeing wastewater	Residual acrylamide monomer ≤ 0.03%, water insoluble matter ≤ 1.5%, molecular weight fluctuation ≤ ±8%, cationic degree fluctuation ≤ ±5%
    Drinking Water Grade	Purification of tap water, flocculation treatment of drinking water source water, treatment of food processing wastewater (food-contactable)	Residual acrylamide monomer ≤ 0.02%, heavy metals (Pb) ≤ 0.001%, As ≤ 0.0003%, CN⁻ ≤ 0.0002%, in line with GB 5749 "Standards for Drinking Water Quality"

    4.3 Inspection Rules

    4.3.1 Sampling Rules

    In accordance with the requirements of GB/T 6678 "General Rules for Sampling of Chemical Products", samples of each batch of products shall be taken randomly, with a sampling quantity of not less than 500g. The sample shall be divided into two parts: one part for inspection, and the other part shall be sealed and stored (with a storage period of 6 months) for re-inspection.

    4.3.2 Inspection Items

    Items that must be inspected for each batch of products: appearance, solid content, water-insoluble matter, dissolution time, cationic degree, residual acrylamide monomer, pH value; Type inspection items (once a quarter): molecular weight, sieve residue, ignition residue, heavy metals, arsenic, cyanide.

    4.3.3 Judgment Rules

    • • All inspection items meet the requirements of this standard and the contract agreement, so the product is judged to be qualified.
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      • If any indicator is unqualified, re-sampling and re-inspection can be conducted. If the re-inspection is still unqualified, the product shall be judged as unqualified and prohibited from leaving the factory.
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      • Unqualified products must be stored and marked separately, strictly prohibited from entering the market, and can be recycled or destroyed to ensure environmental compliance.

    • 4.4 Quality Control Measures

      • • Raw material control: Select high-purity acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers (such as DAC, DMC, DMDAAC, etc.). Raw materials must be inspected before entering the factory, and unqualified raw materials are strictly prohibited from being used.
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        • Production process control: Adopt advanced polymerization technology to precisely control the reaction temperature, reaction time, and monomer ratio, monitor the reaction process in real-time, and ensure the stability of indicators such as molecular weight and cationic degree.；
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        • Finished product inspection control: Before each batch of products leaves the factory, professional inspectors conduct a full range of inspections in accordance with standard methods. Only after passing the inspection can the products be labeled, leave the factory, and be accompanied by an inspection report.
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        • Storage and transportation control: The finished products are stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse, avoiding moisture, exposure to sunlight, and high temperatures. During transportation, prevent packaging damage and moisture to ensure that the product quality is not affected.

      
      

      

      

      • V. Product Uses

        Cationic polyacrylamide, with its excellent properties such as charge neutralization, adsorption bridging, and dehydration enhancement, is widely used in various industries including water treatment, papermaking, oil extraction, mining and metallurgy, textiles, and food processing. Its specific uses are as follows:

        5.1 Water Treatment Field (Core Application)

        As an efficient flocculant and sludge dewatering agent, it is a core chemical in the water treatment field, suitable for scenarios such as municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, and drinking water purification, solving the problems of solid-liquid separation and sludge disposal.

        Municipal sewage treatment: It is used for flocculation sedimentation and sludge dewatering in urban domestic sewage. It can quickly remove impurities such as suspended particles, organic matter, and colloids in the sewage, improve the effluent quality, and make the effluent meet national discharge standards. During sludge dewatering, it can make the sludge form large flocs, which do not stick to the filter cloth and do not disperse during filter pressing. The moisture content of the sludge cake is reduced to below 80%, reducing the amount and cost of sludge disposal. For example, after using this product in a medium-sized urban sewage treatment plant, the sludge volume decreased by 30%, the operating cost was reduced by 20%, and the water quality of the surrounding rivers improved significantly.

        Industrial wastewater treatment: It is suitable for various types of industrial wastewater, especially for the treatment of wastewater with negative charges and high organic matter content, such as oily wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, papermaking wastewater, food wastewater, chemical wastewater, electroplating wastewater, and breeding wastewater. It can quickly flocculate and precipitate pollutants in wastewater, reduce indicators such as COD, BOD, and SS, and facilitate subsequent treatment to meet discharge standards. For example, in a wastewater reuse project of a large petrochemical plant, after using this product, the suspended matter removal rate increased from 70% to 95%, saving millions of yuan in operating costs annually[1]; a printing and dyeing factory used a product with a cationic degree of 60% and a molecular weight of 10 million, which effectively removed the chromaticity and organic matter in the wastewater, enabling it to meet the discharge standards.

        Drinking water purification: Drinking water-grade products can be used for flocculation treatment in waterworks and drinking water sources, replacing traditional aluminum salt flocculants. They have low dosage and good effect, can remove fine suspended particles, algae, organic matter, etc. from the water source, improve the taste and safety of drinking water, and have no secondary pollution, complying with the GB 5749 drinking water safety standard. They are especially suitable for the purification of water sources such as river water and lake water, with lower cost than traditional chemicals, and better effect when used in combination with inorganic flocculants.

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        5.2 Papermaking Field

        As retention aids, drainage aids, and strengthening agents, they are widely used in the entire papermaking process, improving paper quality, reducing production costs, and alleviating environmental protection pressures.

        Retention aids: When added to pulp, they can adsorb fibers and fillers (such as calcium carbonate, talc powder, etc.) in the pulp, reduce fiber loss, improve the retention rate of fibers and fillers, lower raw material consumption, and at the same time reduce the SS content in papermaking wastewater, easing the pressure of wastewater treatment. For example, after a large paper mill used a customized product, the fiber retention rate increased from 80% to 90%, saving more than 500,000 yuan annually in raw material and wastewater treatment costs.

        Drainage aids: Accelerate the dehydration speed of pulp, shorten the dehydration time in the wire section and press section of the paper machine, improve papermaking efficiency, reduce paper breakage rate, and enhance the surface smoothness of paper.

        Strengthening agents: Through adsorption and bridging, they enhance the bonding force between fibers, improve the tensile strength, tear strength, and burst strength of paper, and improve paper quality. They are suitable for the production of various types of paper such as high-grade paper, packaging paper, and toilet paper.

        

        5.3 Oil Extraction Field

        As a thickener, oil displacement agent, and clay anti-swelling agent, it is used in drilling, well cementing, oil production and other links in oil exploitation to improve oil recovery efficiency and ensure drilling safety.

         

        • Oil displacement agent: In the process of tertiary oil recovery, this product is formulated into an aqueous solution of a certain concentration and injected into the oil well. It can adjust the viscosity of the injected water, reduce the flow resistance of crude oil, promote the movement of residual oil in the reservoir to the production well, and significantly improve the crude oil recovery rate[1]. For example, after using this product in an old oilfield, the recovery rate increased from 35% to 45%, extending the life of the oilfield.
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        • Drilling fluid thickener: Used in drilling fluids, it can increase the viscosity and shear force of drilling fluids, carry drilling cuttings, prevent wellbore collapse, protect drilling equipment, and ensure the smooth progress of the drilling process.
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        • Clay anti-swelling agent: Inhibits the swelling of clay minerals in oil reservoirs, prevents oil reservoir blockage, protects oil reservoir permeability, and improves oil recovery efficiency.

        

        5.4 Mining and Metallurgy Field

        It is used in mine tailings treatment, mineral flotation, and sludge dewatering to achieve resource recovery and meet environmental protection standards.

         

        • Tailings treatment: The tailings wastewater generated from mining contains a large number of fine mineral particles. Using this product can quickly flocculate and precipitate them, recover useful minerals, and at the same time clarify the wastewater to meet discharge standards, thereby reducing environmental pollution.
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        • Mineral flotation: As an auxiliary agent for flotation reagents, it can adsorb mineral particles, improve flotation efficiency, separate useful minerals from gangue, and enhance mineral recovery rate.
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        • Mine sludge dewatering: Treating the sludge generated during mining and mineral processing. After dewatering, the mud cake has a low moisture content, which is convenient for stacking, transportation and disposal, realizing sludge reduction and resource utilization.

        

        5.5 Other Fields

        • • Textile field: As a textile sizing agent, the size has stable performance, with less sizing loss and low fabric breakage rate. It can improve fabric strength and cloth surface smoothness, and is suitable for sizing various fabrics such as cotton, linen, and chemical fibers [4]; at the same time, it can be used in the treatment of textile printing and dyeing wastewater to remove chromaticity and organic matter.
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          • • Food processing field: Drinking water-grade products can be used in the treatment of food processing wastewater to remove food residues, organic matter, etc., ensuring that the effluent meets discharge standards; at the same time, they can be used as food clarifiers in the clarification treatment of fruit juices and beverages to remove suspended solids and impurities.
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            • • Construction field: It is used in the treatment of construction mud, enabling the rapid flocculation and sedimentation of sand in the mud, realizing mud dehydration, recycling water resources, and reducing environmental pollution caused by construction activities.
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              • • Agricultural field: It can be used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure, enhance the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity, and promote crop growth; at the same time, it can be used in the treatment of agricultural wastewater and aquaculture wastewater.

                 

                VI. Product Image Display

                6.1 Product Detail Images

                Display the product's appearance, particle morphology, and state after dissolution to reflect the product's purity and uniformity:

                 

                • • Detailed image of solid particles (white uniform particles, no impurities, no agglomeration, good fluidity; after magnification, the particles are regular with no obvious foreign objects, intuitively reflecting the purity of the product);
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                • Detailed image of powdered product (fine white powder, no agglomeration, no off-color, good dispersibility, suitable for rapid dissolution scenarios);
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                • Aqueous solution state diagram (0.1% concentration aqueous solution, transparent, viscous, no precipitation, no turbidity, reflecting the good solubility of the product);
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                • Comparison chart of flocculation effects (on the left is wastewater without chemicals added, which is turbid and has many suspended solids; on the right is wastewater after chemical addition, with rapid flocculation and clear supernatant, intuitively reflecting the flocculation effect of the product).
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                6.2 Product Packaging Diagram

                Display the product packaging specifications and labeling information, demonstrate the packaging's sealability and moisture resistance, and meet the storage and transportation requirements:

                 

                • Regular packaging diagram of solid particles (25kg/bag, packaged in polypropylene woven bags with an inner PE plastic bag, sealed and moisture-proof; the bag is printed with information such as product name, specification, molecular weight, cationic degree, execution standard, manufacturer, production date, and shelf life, facilitating identification and traceability);
                • Packaging diagram of powdered product (20kg/bag, vacuum packaging, moisture-proof, anti-caking, suitable for long-term storage; the bag is printed with detailed product information and usage instructions);
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                • Bulk packaging and stacking diagram (finished products are neatly stacked, packaging is intact, the warehouse is cool and dry, meeting storage requirements, reflecting large-scale production capacity).
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                VII. Usage Methods and Precautions

                7.1 Usage Method

                Usage Method of Solid Products

                1. Preparation for dissolution: Use clean, impurity-free tap water (avoid using water containing salt or impurities). The dissolution container should be made of plastic, glass, or stainless steel; avoid using iron containers (iron ions will affect the product performance). Dissolution operation: First, add an appropriate amount of tap water to the container, start stirring (control the stirring speed at 100-300 rpm), then slowly and evenly sprinkle the solid product into the water. Avoid adding a large amount at one time to prevent caking (the "fish-eye" phenomenon).
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                3. Dissolution time: At room temperature (25°C), stir and dissolve for 30-60 minutes; with warm water (30-40°C), the time can be shortened to 20-30 minutes until the product is completely dissolved, forming a transparent and viscous aqueous solution with no obvious precipitation.
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                5. Dilution and Dosing: Dilute the dissolved mother liquor (with a concentration of 0.1%-0.3%) to an appropriate concentration (0.01%-0.1%) according to actual needs, then evenly dose it into the system to be treated. The dosage is determined based on experiments, and the conventional dosage is 0.01-10 ppm.
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                7. Synergistic use: When used in combination with inorganic flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride and polyferric sulfate, first add the inorganic flocculant, stir evenly, and then add this product, which can significantly improve the treatment effect and reduce the dosage of chemicals.

                8. 7.2 Precautions

                   • Operational Safety: The product itself is low-toxic and has no irritating odor, but direct contact with skin and eyes should be avoided. Gloves and masks must be worn during operation. If contact is made accidentally, rinse immediately with plenty of clean water;
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                   • Dissolution taboos: Do not use hot water (temperature exceeding 60℃) for dissolution, to avoid molecular chain breakage and reduction of product performance; Do not mix and dissolve with strong acidic or strong alkaline substances to prevent reactions.
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                   • Dosing control: The dosage needs to be determined through small-scale tests. Excessive dosing will cause the water body to become viscous, affect the treatment effect, and increase costs; insufficient dosing will fail to achieve flocculation and dehydration effects.
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                   • Storage requirements: Solid products should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse, avoiding moisture, exposure to sunlight, and high temperatures (storage temperature 0-30℃). The stacking height should not exceed 10 layers to prevent compaction and caking; Emulsion products should be stored at a temperature of 5-35℃, avoiding freezing and exposure to sunlight, with a shelf life of 6 months.
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                   • Incompatibility: It must not be mixed with anionic polyacrylamide to avoid reactions and reduced effectiveness; when compounded with inorganic flocculants, they need to be dissolved and added separately.
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                   • Emergency handling: In case of leakage, collect it promptly to prevent it from flowing into water bodies or soil. Small amounts of leakage can be rinsed with water; large amounts of leakage need to be collected and recycled, and must not be discarded arbitrarily.
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                   • Others: The product should be used as soon as possible after opening. Unused products should be stored in a sealed container to prevent moisture absorption and caking; the dissolved mother liquor is recommended to be used up within 24 hours to avoid degradation.

                   • VIII. Packaging, Transportation and Storage

                     8.1 Packaging Specifications

                     • Solid particles: 25kg/bag, polypropylene woven bag + PE inner lining, sealed and moisture-proof, can be customized to 20kg/bag and 50kg/bag specifications;
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                     • Powder form: 20kg/bag, vacuum packaging + PE inner lining, moisture-proof and anti-caking, can be customized to 10kg/bag and 25kg/bag specifications;
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                     • Bulk packaging: Ton bag packaging (1000kg/bag) is available, suitable for bulk procurement by large enterprises, reducing packaging costs.

                     • 8.2 Transportation Requirements

                       • Mode of transportation: Road, railway, and waterway transportation are all available. Solid products can be transported in stacks, avoiding collisions.
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                       • Transportation taboos: During transportation, avoid moisture, exposure to sunlight, high temperatures, and rain. Prevent packaging damage, product moisture, caking, or leakage.
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                       • Safety requirements: The product is a non-hazardous chemical. No special dangerous goods qualifications are required for transportation; it only needs to meet the requirements for the transportation of ordinary goods. The transport vehicles must be kept clean and free of impurities.
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                       • Marking requirements: The transportation packaging must clearly bear markings such as product name, specifications, manufacturer, production date, shelf life, "Moisture-proof" and "Handle with care".

                       • 8.3 Storage Requirements

                         • Storage environment: Solid products should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse, with the temperature controlled at 0-30℃ and the relative humidity ≤75%. They should be protected from moisture, exposure to sunlight, high temperatures, and rain, and kept away from fire sources, heat sources, and strong acidic and strong alkaline substances;
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                         • Storage method: The stacking height of solid products shall not exceed 10 layers to avoid compaction and caking; Emulsion products shall be placed upright, away from low-temperature environments to prevent freezing;
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                         • Shelf life: The shelf life of solid products is 12 months, and that of emulsion products is 6 months. Products that exceed the shelf life need to be re-inspected and can be used only after passing the inspection.
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                         • Others: During storage, the integrity of the packaging must be checked regularly. If damage or moisture is found, it should be handled promptly; products of different specifications and batches should be stored separately to avoid confusion.

                         • IX. Common Problems and Solutions

                           Frequently Asked Questions	Causes	Solutions
                           After the product is dissolved, agglomerates and "fish eyes" appear	1. Excessive one-time dosage, not evenly sprinkled; 2. Too slow stirring speed, resulting in insufficient dispersion of the product; 3. The dissolution water contains impurities and salts	1. Sprinkle the product slowly and evenly, avoiding one-time addition; 2. Increase the stirring speed (100-300rpm); 3. Dissolve with clean tap water and filter to remove impurities
                           Poor flocculation effect, with small flocs and slow sedimentation	1. Mismatch of product specifications (too low molecular weight, cationic degree); 2. Insufficient dosage; 3. Inappropriate pH value of the system to be treated; 4. Not compounded with inorganic flocculants	1. Replace with a product of suitable specifications (select molecular weight and cationic degree according to the scenario); 2. Increase the dosage (determine the optimal dosage through small-scale tests); 3. Adjust the pH value of the system to 3.0-11.0; 4. Add inorganic flocculants first, then add this product
                           The moisture content of the mud cake after sludge dewatering is high	1. The cationic degree is too low to effectively neutralize the sludge charge; 2. The molecular weight is not suitable for the equipment type; 3. The dosage is insufficient or excessive; 4. The sludge and the agent are not mixed sufficiently	1. Select products with higher cationic degree (30%-70% is commonly used for sludge dewatering); 2. Choose molecular weight according to the type of equipment (for example, 10-12 million for centrifugal dehydrators); 3. Adjust the dosage to the optimal value; 4. Extend the mixing time to ensure sufficient contact between sludge and chemicals
                           The product clumps after storage	1. Humid storage environment with poor ventilation; 2. Damaged packaging leading to moisture absorption; 3. Stacking too high, resulting in compaction and caking	1. Transfer to a dry and well-ventilated warehouse and stack them separately; 2. Seal or replace damaged packaging in a timely manner; 3. Slightly caked products can be crushed for use; severely caked products need to be inspected and can be used only after passing the inspection
                           After dissolution, the mother liquor degrades, and the effect decreases	1. The mother liquor is stored for too long (more than 24 hours); 2. The storage environment is high-temperature and exposed to direct sunlight; 3. Impurities, strong acids, or strong alkalis are mixed into the mother liquor	1. The mother liquor should be prepared and used immediately, and used up within 24 hours; 2. The mother liquor should be stored in a cool and dark place; 3. Avoid mixing with impurities and strong acids and alkalis

                           X. Product Commitments and After-Sales Service

                           10.1 Product Commitments

                           • This product is produced in strict accordance with the GB/T 31246-2025 standard. Each batch of products undergoes rigorous testing to ensure that the product quality meets the standards and contract agreements. Unqualified products will never leave the factory.
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                           • Product specifications can be customized according to customers' actual needs, and personalized solutions are provided to meet the usage requirements of different industries and different scenarios.
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                           • The product's packaging, transportation, and storage all meet relevant requirements, ensuring that the product's quality remains unaffected during transportation and storage.
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                           • Provide relevant materials such as product testing reports and certificates of conformity to ensure the compliant use of the product.