Sodium pyrosulfite

190.095

189.898254

231-673-0

4VON5FNS3C

1461

1759

DTXSID0029684

White hexagonal crystals or powder|White to yellowish crystals or powder.|Colorless crystals|White granular or powdered salt

2832100000

125

-3.7

White to slightly yellow Powder/Solid

1.4 g/cm³

150 °C (decomp)

Decomposes

H2O: 540 g/L (20 ºC)

Storage containers are predominantly made from 1.4571 grade stainless steel. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic containers are also suitable for storage. Paper or plastic sacks, steel barrels, or big bags made of synthetic fibers are used for transportation.

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1540 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 2000 mg/kg

Noncombustible Solid

In the presences of traces of water, it develops an odor of sulfur dioxide

4,0-5,5 (10 % aqueous solution)

... in moist air it decomposes with loss of part of its SO2 content and by oxidation to sodium sulfate ... Dry sodium metabilsulfite is more stable to oxidation than dry sodium sulfite|Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on exposure to air and moisture

Acts as a corrosive acid when mixed with water. Reacts slowly with air and water.

Sulfite and Thiosulfate Salts

Strong Reducing Agent

SODIUM METABISULFITE is incompatible with the following: Heat (decomposes) [Note: Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on exposure to air & moisture.] (NIOSH, 2016).

Noncombustible Solid

III

3260

1

22-31-41-36/37/38-52

26-39-46-36-16

UX8225000

Xn,Xi

Separated from acids and strong oxidants.

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids. Contact with strong acids releases a poisonous gas. May be moisture and air sensitive.

P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P305 + P351 + P338 + P310

H302-H318

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Large scale addition of solid sodium disulfite to an unstirred and too-concentrated solution of sodium nitrite caused a vigorous exothermic reaction.

Sodium metabisulfite used as a chemical preservative in food for human consumption is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice, except that it is not used in meats; in food recognized as a source of vitamin B1; on fruits or vegetables intended to be served raw to consumers or sold raw to consumers, or to be presented to consumers as fresh.|Sodium metabisulfite used as a chemical preservative in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice, except that it is not used in meats or in food recognized as source of vitamin B1.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)|Not combustible.

|Danger|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P310, P330, and P501|H302 (99.35%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 3055 companies from 16 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P285, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P312, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for personal protective equipment for the body. Eyes: No recommendation is made specifying the need for eye protection. Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift). Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|/NIOSH certified respirator/; goggles or face shield.|(See protection codes)

If material /is/ involved in /a/ fire: Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Poisonous gases are produced in fire including sulfur oxides.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bags barriers to trap material at bottom. Remove trapped material with suction hoses.|Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Cover solids with plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.|If material /is/ not involved in /a/ fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Do not use water on material itself.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for SODIUM METABISULFITE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... A strong irritant to skin and tissue.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 5 mg/cu m.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from acids and strong oxidants.

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is severely irritating to the gastrointestinal tract. The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. Inhalation may cause asthma-like reactions.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles.

Sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) is used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in a variety of drugs and functions as a preservative in many food preparations. In addition to their antioxidant activity, sulfites oxidize to sulfite radicals (SO3-) initiating lipid peroxidation. This study was performed to elucidate the effect of subchronic Na2S2O5 (520 mg/kg/day) ingestion on hepatic and renal antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in albino rats. The antioxidant effect of L-carnitine was also tested in rats treated with Na2S2O5. Plasma uric acid levels were monitored in all rats included in the study. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in Na2S2O5 treated rats vs. controls, with kidney values of 2.21+/-0.21 vs. 1.22+/-0.35 and liver values of 79.85+/-19.5 vs. 31.36+/-5.0 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Selenium-glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly increased in Na2S2O5 treated rats vs. controls, with kidney values of 38.22+/-2.21 vs. 8.09+/-0.76 and liver values of 31.11+/-6.37 vs. 11.70+/-1.02 U/g protein, respectively. Sodium metabisulfite treatment increased plasma uric acid levels in rats that were included in the study. No protective effect of L-carnitine was observed against lipid peroxidation in both liver and kidneys of rats treated with Na2S2O5. The presented data confirm the prooxidant activity of sulfites and suggest that increased GPx activity and plasma uric acid levels may partially reduce the observed renal and hepatocellular oxidative damage caused via the ingestion of sulfites.|Sodium metabisulfite is incompatible with chloramphenicol owing to a more complex reaction. /Sodium metabisulfite/ also inactivates cisplatin in solution.|Sodium metabisulfite reacts with sympathomimetics and other drugs that are ortho- or para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol derivatives to form sulfonic acid derivatives possessing little or no pharmacological activity. The most important drugs subject to this inactivation are epinephrine (adrenaline) and its derivatives.|The aim of the present experiment was to test the effects of a wet preservation of triticale contaminated mainly with deoxynivalenol (DON) with sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, SBS) on growth performance, liver function, clinical-chemical plasma parameters and organ histopathology of piglets. For this purpose both the uncontaminated control triticale and the DON contaminated triticale were included in the piglet diet either untreated (CON, FUS) or SBS-treated (CON-SBS, FUS-SBS) and fed for 28 d starting from weaning. The dietary concentrations of DON and DON sulfonate (DONS), the DON derivative resulting from the SBS treatment, amounted to 0.156, 0.084, 2.312 and 0.275 mg DON per kg CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS diet, and to <0.05, <0.05, <0.05 and 1.841 mg/kg diet, respectively. Feeding the FUS diet significantly reduced the feed intake compared to the other three groups as indicated by the significant interactions between triticale source and SBS treatment when the whole experimental period of 28 d was considered (p = 0.014) while live weight gain and feed to gain ratio remained unaffected. The total plasma protein concentration was significantly depressed due to feeding the contaminated diets whereas SBS treatment exerted an increasing effect at the same time (45.4, 49.5, 40.7 and 46.5 g/L for piglets fed the CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS diet, respectively). The liver function was tested by the (13)C-methacetin breath test (MBT) allowing evaluation of the cytochrome P4501A2 activity. MBT results, expressed as cumulative percentage dose recovery after 360 min (cPDR360) revealed a slight stimulation of liver function due to SBS treatment (p = 0.052) (37.5, 39.4, 37.4 and 55.1% for piglets fed the CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS diet, respectively). Liver weight and histopathological scoring were only weakly related to the MBT results. Further histopathological examinations of kidneys, pancreas and heart revealed no treatment effects. It was concluded that the SBS treatment of the contaminated triticale restored the performance of piglets to the level of the piglets fed the control diet while the effects on liver function, clinical-chemical plasma parameters - excepting the protein concentration - and organ histopathology were only marginal.

LD50 Rat dermal > 2000 mg/kg|LD50 Hamster iv 95 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rabbit iv 65 mg/kg bw|LD50 Mouse iv 130 mg/kg bw|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for SODIUM METABISULFITE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/PLANTS/ Sodium metabisulfite is used in marine shrimp harvesting to prevent the occurrence of black spots. Shrimps are soaked in a sodium metabisulfite solution in ice, which is disposed of in sewages that run into marine canals, creating an environmental hazard. This study evaluates the toxicity and mutagenicity caused by sodium metabisulfite in sea waters and sediments collected in a shrimp farm in Cajueiro da Praia (Luis Correia), state of Piaui, Brazil, using the Allium cepa assay. Water and sediment samples were collected in the dry and in the rainy seasons, in three sites: upstream the shrimp farm (Site 1), at the point sodium metabisulfite is discharged (Site 2), and 100 m downstream the farm (Site 3). Three sample dilutions were used (50%, 25% and 10%) for all samples. A negative control (well water) and a positive control (copper sulfate 0.0006 mg /mL) were used in each experiment. At the end of the 72-hr exposure period, onion roots were measured and removed. Mutagenicity analysis included the determination of mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations and the detection of micronuclei; analysis of root size and mitotic index were used as an index of toxicity. The A. cepa assay revealed that the water and sediments samples collected in the Piaui coast contaminated with sodium metabisulfite induce toxicity. The results demonstrate that the assay may be used as a regular tool in the analysis of water parameters in shrimp farms in the coast of Piaui state, and in strategies to preserve the region's marine ecosystem.|/PLANTS/ Air pollutants interfere with various metabolic processes of plants prior to visible injury manifestations. Treatment of tomato leaves with different concn of Na2S2O5 induced degradation of green pigments and protein. Chlorophyll content was reduced by 71.15% and protein by 42.85% in treated leaves at a concentration of 660 ug/mL as compared with controls.

Some asthmatics are said to be dangerously sensitive to minute amounts of sulfites in foods. /Sulfites/

Reacts chemically with dissolved oxygen even in absence of seeded organisms. /Sodium bisulfite/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of sodium metabisulfite is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|Occupational exposure to sodium metabisulfate may occur through inhalation of particulates and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sodium metabisulfate is produced or used. Use data suggest that the general population will be exposed to sodium metabisulfate via ingestion of and dermal contact with foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products to which it has been added as a preservative. (SRC)|Sulfites are widely used as preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In the United States more than 250 cases of sulfite-related adverse reactions, including anaphylactic shock, asthmatic attacks, urticaria and angioedema, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea, seizures and death, have been reported, including 6 deaths allegedly associated with restaurant food containing sulfites. In Canada 10 sulfite-related adverse reactions have been documented, and 1 death suspected to be sulfite-related has occurred. The exact mechanism of sulfite-induced reactions is unknown. Practising physicians should be aware of the clinical manifestations of sulfite-related adverse reactions as well as which foods and pharmaceuticals contain sulfites. Cases should be reported to health officials and proper advice given to the victims to prevent further exposure to sulfites. The food industry, including beer and wine manufacturers, and the pharmaceutical industry should consider using alternative preservatives. In the interim, they should list any sulfites in their products.

Exptl Use: Conversion of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) via sodium metabisulfite or sodium dithionite prevents Cr dermatitis in sensitive individuals.

Agents causing the narrowing of the lumen of a bronchus or bronchiole. (See all compounds classified as Bronchoconstrictor Agents.)

A method to estimate the total and regional deposition of disodium disulfite after aerosol inhalation was developed. Original particle sizes between 0.1 and 10 um were used. The particle size changes with the humidity of the environment because of the hygroscopic properties of the disulfite. It shows high deposition values of about 1/1000 of the inhaled particle mass/sq cm in the nasal region, values of about 1/100,000/sq cm in the tracheobronchial airways and a mean surface deposition in the pulmonary region which is a factor of 10,000 smaller than in the nose. The findings correspond to pathological effects found in animal inhalation studies.

Sulfites are generated in the human body by processing of the sulfur-containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine. Endogenous sulfite is maintained at a low, steady-state concentration by a mitochondrial enzyme, sulfite oxidase, that promotes the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate that is excreted in the urine. Sulfites can also be metabolized to thiosulfates (enzymatic reaction of sulfite with 3-mercaptopyruvate) or S-sulfonate compounds (nonenzymatic reaction with disulfide bonds). Thiosulfate and S-sulfonate were detected at very low concentrations in the urine of normal humans or rats, but were excreted in large amounts by those deficient in sulfite oxidase. /Sulfites/|Sulfite that enters the body via ingestion, inhalation, or injection is metabolized by sulfite oxidase to sulfate. Oral dose studies using dogs and rats and intravenous (IV) dose studies using rabbits, rats, and rhesus monkeys, demonstrated rapid metabolic clearance. In all species

Sulfite is a potentially toxic molecule that might enter the body via ingestion, inhalation, or injection. For cellular detoxification, mammalians rely on sulfite oxidase to convert sulfite to sulfate. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of sulfite on zinc, iron, and copper levels in rat liver and kidney tissues. Forty normal and sulfite oxidase-deficient male albino rats were divided into four groups that included untreated controls (group C), a sulfite-supplemented group that received 70 mg sodium metabisulfite per kilogram per day (group S), a sulfite oxidase-deficient group (group D), and a sulfite oxidase-deficient group that was also given 70 mg sodium metabisulfite per kilogram per day (group DS). The iron and zinc levels in the liver and kidney in groups S and DS were not affected by sulfite treatment compared to their respective controls (groups C and D). Sulfite exposure led to an increase of kidney copper content in the S group when compared to untreated controls. The kidney copper levels were significantly increased in the unexposed deficient rats, but it was not different than that of the deficient rats that were given oral sulfite treatment. These results suggest that kidney copper levels might be affected by exogenous or endogenous sulfite.|The mechanism of disodium disulfite induced bronchoconstriction was investigated in isolated human trachea preparations. Incubation of the trachea preparations with disodium disulfite at 10 uM induced depolarization combined with increased muscle tension. The effect was suppressed in the presence of a H1-receptor antagonist (pyrilamine maleate or cromolyn sodium). According to the author disodium disulfite increases the availability of endogenous histamine to the airway smooth muscle cells.|The effect of disodium disulfite solution on the trachea of anesthetized sheep was tested in vivo. Air supply was ensured by a tracheal cannula and a part of the trachea was filled with the solution at concentrations of 1, 20 and 100 mM. Disodium disulfite significantly increased arterial and venous blood flow, significantly reduced the potential difference to the tracheal lumen and significantly enhanced the permeability from tracheal lumen to venous blood for a low molecular weight hydrophilic tracer. Additionally the substance produced epithelial damage as confirmed histologically. The changes were not blocked by frusemide or flurbiprofen. The mechanism of the effects of disodium disulfite is uncertain but is consistent with the known actions of S02.|The mechanism of bisulfite induced bronchoconstriction was investigated in allergic sheep. Lung resistance was measured after application of disodium disulfite at concentrations of 25, 50 or 100 mg/mL for 30 breaths intratracheal with or without pretreatment with different drugs. Pretreatment with the anticholinergic agent ipratropium bromide or the antiasthma drug nedocromil sodium blocked the bronchoconstriction whereas the histamine H1-receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine was ineffective. According to the author in allergic sheep inhaled disodium disulfite causes bronchoconstriction that does not involve histamine release but appears to involve stimulation of bradykinin B2-receptors with subsequent activation of cholinergic mechanisms.|For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for SODIUM METABISULFITE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Sodium metabisulfite usually contains small amounts of sodium sulfite and sodium sulfate.

Exposure Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system (NIOSH, 2016)|Corrosives

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Sodium metabisulfite was administered to 29 children with chronic asthma in a single-blind challenge. The children ranged in age from 5.5 to 14 years and were essentially evenly divided by sex; 28 of the 29 were atopic for airborne allergens. A positive response was judged by a reduction in pulmonary function. The patients were challenged both with capsules at doses up to 100 mg and citric acid solution containing sodium metabisulfite at doses up to 50 mg. Metabisulfite hypersensitivity was detected in 19 children; all reacted to metabisulfite in solution, and none responded when it was administered in capsule form. Most of the responders experienced immediate reactions, which consisted initially of a burning sensation in the throat, tight cough, wheezing, and signs of respiratory distress. Seven of the 19 had a history which suggested sensitivity to metabisulfite in foods. The authors considered that the lack of response to metabisulfite in capsules and the rapid onset of bronchial symptoms suggested that inhalation of sulfur dioxide was the trigger.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A double-blind study tested the five individual components of an eye drop therapy for glaucoma. Sodium Metabisulfite was tested at 0.075%, the concentration of use in the preparation. The participants were five male patients with elevated intraocular pressures and histories of local sensitivity reactions to dipivalyl epinephrine (the active component of the eye drops). None had positive reactions to initial patch testing with the five components of the eye drops (Sodium Metabisulfite was patch tested at 0.5%). Patients applied two drops of a preparation twice daily for 1 week with a 1-week treatment-free period between application of different solutions. The order of administration of the five preparations was randomly assigned. Patients were instructed to stop using the drops and report to the study ophthalmologists upon development of any adverse ocular reactions. No adverse effects were reported with Sodium Metabisulfite.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Prick and intradermal tests of 20 patients with a Sodium Metabisulfite solution (10 mg/mL) were negative and oral challenge of five patients with 30 and 50 mg Sodium Metabisulfite did not provoke a flare-up of dermatitis or patch test. The dermatitis was considered occupational in seven cases. Five of the remaining 43 cases were considered allergic contact dermatitis resulting from the use of topical preparations.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Investigators/ reported the results of patch testing 2894 eczematous patients over a 2-year period. Positive reactions to Sodium Metabisulfite in 1% pet. (following a 2-day occlusive exposure) were noted in 50 patients (1.7% incidence). All 50 patients also reacted to Potassium Metabisulfite in 1% pet., and to Sodium Bisulfite 1% and 5% pet. Only two reacted to Sodium Sulfite 1% pet.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SODIUM METABISULFITE (35 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Na(2)S(2)O(5)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane

Cough. Wheezing.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Grades: FCC|The commercial product has a content of about 97% Na2S2O5, 1-2% Na2SO3, and about 1% Na2SO4.|Available in photographic, food and NF /National Formulary/ grades|It may be considered to be the anhydride of sodium bisulfite, and is reportedly the chief constituent of the commercial grade of the latter compound.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for SODIUM METABISULFITE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Disulfurous acid, sodium salt (1:2): ACTIVE|Chief constituent of commercial dry sodium bisulfite with which most of its properties and uses are practically identical.|Effluent containing Na2S2O5 5.7 ppm was circulated to wash flue gas in a press scrubber at 200 °For 2 hr. Spent liquid was filtered to obtain filtrate with Na2S2O5 2.4 ppm.|Of 17 antioxidants evaluated for use in epinephrine injection solutions, sodium metabisulfite was found to be most effective.|Post-emergence application of 1 kg Na2S2O5/ha increased the yield of sugar beet by 5.9%, and its sugar content by 17.57%, whereas the ash and N contents were decreased.|Listed as Generally Considered Safe (GRAS) by the FDA

The determination of ascorbate, bromate and metabisulfite in bread improvers using high performance ion-exchange chromatography. /Metabisulfite/|Development of a high-performance ion chromatographic (HPIC) method for the determination of sodium metabisulfite in parenteral formulations.

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Preservatives and Antioxidants|Safer Chemical Classes -> Yellow triangle - The chemical has met Safer Choice Criteria for its functional ingredient-class, but has some hazard profile issues|Food additives|Agrochemicals -> Fungicides|Food Additives -> ANTIOXIDANT; FLOUR_TREATMENT_AGENT; PRESERVATIVE; -> JECFA Functional Classes|Health Hazards -> Corrosives|Cosmetics -> Preservative

Food Additives -> ANTIOXIDANT; FLOUR_TREATMENT_AGENT; PRESERVATIVE;