Dibenz[a,j]acridine

279.33

279.33

088X9K64S8

114903

DTXSID4059758

C44368

YELLOW NEEDLES OR PRISMS

2933990090

12.9

5.63

Dibenz(a,j)acridine appears as yellow crystals.

1.3±0.1 g/cm3

216 °C

534.0±19.0 °C at 760 mmHg

240.3±14.1 °C

1.824

soluble in ethanol, acetone; sparingly soluble in benzene

2-8°C

1.05X10-9 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

Henry's Law constant = 1.90X10-9 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Dust/air mixtures may ignite and explode. Insoluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. May generate hydrogen, a flammable gas, in combination with strong reducing agents such as hydrides.

III

6.1(b)

2811

3

40

36/37

HN1050000

Xn

P281

H351

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Reacts in general as an acridine ... Catalytic reduction yields Morgan's base (a molecular cmpd with 7,14-dihydrodibenz[a,j]acridine) ... .

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services/National Toxicology Program; Twelfth Report on Carcinogens (2011). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Dibenz(a,j)acridine (224-42-0) is listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. /Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/[Available from, as of March 1, 2012: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=03C9AF75-E1BF-FF40-DBA9EC0928DF8B15]|European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General; Scientific Committee on Food. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons-Occurrence in foods, dietary exposure and health effects. SCF/CS/CNTM/PAH/29 ADD1 Final 4 December 2002. Summary of background information on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with emphasis on occurrence in foods, dietary exposure and health effects.[Available from, as of October 2, 2012: http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/scf/out154_en.pdf]

|Warning|H341 (24%): Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]|P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 53 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... Clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected in air from residential coal furnace stacks at a concentration of 2 mg/cu m gas. It was detected in a catalyst regeneration flue gas of a gas-oil stock from an oil refinery at concentrations of <0.15 to 1.8 mg/1000 cu m gas(1). The compound was detected in fly ash from a municipal waste incinerator(2). Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected in automobile exhaust at levels lower than 0.3 ug/g benzene soluble fraction, in coal burning effluent at 20 ug/g benzene soluble fraction, and at 13 ug/g in incinerator effluent(3).

SEDIMENT: Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected in Eagle Harbor sediments in Puget Sound at 0.62 ug/g(1). Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected in Lake Zurich surface sediments at a concentration of 37 ng/g and in Lake Lucerne sediments at a concentration of 0.7 ng/g(2).

CONCN OF AZA-HETEROCYCLIC COMPD IN AVERAGE AMERICAN URBAN ATMOSPHERE: DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE--4 UG/G BENZENE-SOL FRACTION; 0.3 UG/G AIRBORNE PARTICULATES; 0.04 UG/1000 CU M AIR. /FROM TABLE/|URBAN/SUBURBAN: In urban air, concentrations of dibenz(a,j)acridine at 0-8 ug/g benzene-soluble organic fraction were measured(1). The concentration of dibenz(a,j)acridine in the average American urban atmosphere was determined to be 0.3 ug/g airborne particles or 0.04 ug/1000 cu m air(2). Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected during the measurement of aerosols in Belgium at two monitoring stations from 1976-1979. The mass median equivalent diameter ranged from 0.61-1.2 um(3). Urban atmospheric air from Tokyo showed dibenz(a,j)acridine at a concentration of 0.43 ug/g of particulates; this compares to a concentration of 0.3 ug/g of particulates as measured in the United States and a concentration of 6 ug/g of particulates as measured for coal tar pitch polluted air(4). Dibenz(a,j)acridine was measured at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.07 ng/cu m air for a residential area and a busy street, respectively, in Copenhagen in February in 1976-1982(5).

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons, such as dibenz(a,j)acridine, are a major component of tobacco smoke; sidestream smoke is a major source of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in indoor air(1). Dibenz(a,j)acridine has been detected at concentrations of 2 mg/1,000 cu m in coal combustion stack effluents, 0.15-1.8 mg/1,000 cu m in petroleum refinery incinerator effluents, 0.001 mg/1,000 cu m in air polluted by coal tar pitch, up to 300 ug/kg in automobile exhaust, and 0.27 ug/100 cigarettes smoked(2). Dibenz(a,j)acridine has been detected in cigarette smoke condensate at a concentration of 0.27 ug/100 cigarettes(3). In another study, dibenz(a,j)acridine was found at a concentration of 1 ug/100 cigarettes(3). Street dust was measured at 56 ng/g dibenz(a,j)acridine(4).|TUMORIGENIC AGENTS IDENTIFIED IN PARTICULATE PHASE OF TOBACCO SMOKE: DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE--1.0 UG/100 CIGARETTES. /FROM TABLE/

Dibenz(a,j)acridine is directly released to the environment as an incomplete combustion product of organic compounds and is found in automobile exhaust, coal-burning effluent, and incinerator effluent. It is also found in cigarette smoke condensate(1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 5.63(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dibenz(a,j)acridine is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dibenz(a,j)acridine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Dibenz(a,j)acridine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Utilizing activated sludge from 3 municipal treatment plants, 0-10.4% of the theoretical oxygen demand was reached in 144 hours(6), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 5.63(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dibenz(a,j)acridine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(5). According to a classification scheme(5), a measured BCF of 100 for analogous dibenz(a,h)acridine(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration of bibenz(a,j)acridine in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). Utilizing activated sludge from 3 municipal treatment plants, 0-10.4% of the theoretical oxygen demand was reached in 144 hours(7), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dibenz(a,j)acridine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase dibenz(a,j)acridine may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Dibenz(a,j)acridine absorbs light at wavelengths >290 nm(3), and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Dibenz(a,j)acridine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1). Acridines in aqueous solutions were very stable with no change in concentration observed over a 12-day test period(2). Dibenz(a,j)acridine absorbs light at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Reported data for analogous dibenz(a,h)acridine indicates a measured BCF of 100 in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to 8.8 ug/L 14(C)-labeled dibenz(a,h)acridine over 96 hours at 22 °C(1); therefore, dibenz(a,j)acridine may exhibit similar bioconcentration trends(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

The Koc of dibenz(a,j)acridine is estimated as 7.7X10+4(SRC), using a log Kow of 5.63(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that dibenz(a,j)acridine is expected to be immobile in soil. A log Koc of 5.86 has been measured using humic acid(4), corresponding to a Koc of 7.2X10+5(SRC). Using HPLC columns, capacity coefficients to humic and fulvic acid decrease in the order of dibenz(c,h)acridine, dibenz(a,c)acridine/dibenz(a,h)acridine, dibenz(a,j)acridine(5).

The Henry's Law constant for dibenz(a,j)acridine is estimated as 1.9X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that dibenz(a,j)acridine is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Dibenz(a,j)acridine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Dibenz(a,j)acridine was detected in sausage and salmon at unreported concentrations(1).

The most likely pathway by which the general public is exposed to dibenz(a,j)acridine is by inhalation due to the release of this substance from combustion fuels, incineration effluent, automobile exhaust, and cigarette smoke. (SRC)

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (See all compounds classified as Carcinogens.)

The metabolism of the carcinogenic N-heterocyclic aromatic, dibenz[a,j]-acridine (DB(a,j)A), was investigated in an isolated perfused rabbit lung preparation. The rate of metabolism of DB(a,j)A was less than the rate of metabolism of 7H-dibenzo(c,g)carbazole (DB(c,g)C) in the untreated and corn oil-pretreated animals. A significantly increased rate of metabolism was observed for DB(a,j)A in benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P)-pretreated animals. This resulted in marked increases in conjugation and distribution of conjugates and total metabolites in blood and lung. Two major metabolites characterized spectroscopically were assigned as the 3,4-dihydrodiol and a phenol of DB(a,j)A. The results indicate that in the lung DB(a,j)A is metabolized in a manner similar to that of B(a)P.|... Herein are reported [14-(3)H]DBAJAC metabolite distributions obtained by HPLC separation of products produced in incubations with liver and lung microsomes prepared from untreated, phenobarbital-pretreated and 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated male Wistar rats. Liver microsomal metabolites were also quantitated in preparations from trans-stilbene oxide-pretreated rats. For all preparations trans-DBAJAC-3,4-dihydrodiol, the candidate proximate carcinogen according to the bay-region theory of carcinogenesis, was the major metabolite (30-40%) while DBAJAC-5,6-oxide and phenols were also quantitatively important. In incubations conducted in the presence of 3,3,3-trichloropropene-1,2-oxide (1.5 mM) formation of dihydrodiol was inhibited by about 85%. DBAJAC-N-oxide was also identified as a minor metabolite (approximately 1%) formed in incubations with phenobarbital-induced and control liver microsomes.|The metabolism of the carcinogenic pentacyclic azaaromatic compound, dibenz(a,j)acridine, has been examined in liver microsomal incubations using preparations from 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated Wistar rats. Using authentic synthetic standards, u.v. spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, the following were proved to be metabolites: trans-5,6-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxydibenz(a,j)acridine, trans-3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxydibenz(a,j)acridine, dibenz(a,j)acridine-5,6-oxide, 3-hydroxydibenz(a,j)acridine and 4-hydroxydibenz(a,j)acridine. The 3,4-dihydrodiol appeared to be the major metabolite. The secondary metabolites were also examined and evidence is presented for the additional formation of dibenz(a,j)acridine-5,6,8,9-dioxide, tetrols, diol epoxides and phenolic dihydrodiols.|The major metabolites of the carcinogen dibenz[a,j]acridine formed in rodent liver microsomal preparations were trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrodibenz[a,j]acridine (DBAJAC-3,4-DHD) and dibenz[a,j]acridine 5,6-oxide (DBAJAC 5,6-oxide). The enantiomers of DBAJAC-3,4-DHD were prepared from the separable diastereoisomeric esters with (+)-endo-1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo(2.2.1)hept-5-ene-2-carboxyl ic acid (HCA). The absolute configuration of trans-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenz[a,j]acridine was assigned by conversion to the bis[p-(dimethylamino)benzoate] and examination of the exciton coupling in its circular dichroic (CD) spectrum. The 3(R),4(R)-tetrahydrodiol was converted to DBAJAC-3(R),4(R)-DHD. The enantiomers of DBAJAC 5,6-oxide were partially resolved by chiral stationary-phase chromatography, and subsequent methoxide attack afforded two enantiomerically enriched isomeric ethers from each fraction. The structures of the two ethers from each enantiomer were determined, and from their 1H NMR spin-spin coupling between the H5 and H6 signals and the CD spectra of the ethers, the absolute configuration of the ethers, and hence the 5,6-oxides, was determined. The enantiomeric composition of the 3,4-dihydrodiol and 5,6-oxide formed as microsomal metabolites of rat liver preparations was 69% 3R,4R and 81% 5R,6S, respectively. When rats were pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), these percentages were 70% and 5%, indicating a reversed stereochemical preference for oxide formation in the MC-induced preparation. ...|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|Dibenz[a,j]acridine has known human metabolites that include 1,2-DHD, 13-azapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.017,22]docosa-1(14),4,6,8,10,12,15,17,19,21-decaen-2-one, 13-hydroxy-13-azapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.017,22]docosa-1,3(12),4,6,8,10,15,17,19,21-decaene, 3,4-DHD, and 5,6-DHD.

Carcinogens

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/GENOTOXICITY/ Induction of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and N-heterocyclic aromatic amines were studied in human lymphocytes. Peripheral blood samples were collected from healthy young adult donors. The lymphocytes were harvested and incubated with ... dibenz(a,j)acridine (DBA) for 64 hours. The lymphocytes were scored for micronuclei. Changes in the mitotic index (MI) were determined. ... DBA increased the micronuclei frequency at doses of 5.0 or 10.0 ug/mL. DBA /demonstrated no/ affect on the MI. ...|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Tumorigenic agents identified in particulate phase of tobacco smoke: dibenz(a,j)acridine--1.0 ug/100 cigarettes. /From table/

dibenz(a,h)acridine

Dibenz(a,j)acridine is found as a combustion product from automobile exhaust, coal-burning effluent, and incinerator effluent. It is also found in cigarette smoke condensate.

Method: EPA-RCA 8270D; Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; Analyte: dibenz(a,j)acridine; Matrix: solid waste matrices, soils, air sampling media and water; Detection Limit: 10 ug/L.|DB(a,j)AC in air, cigarette smoke & motor exhaust gases; thin-layer chromatography, spectrofluorimetry & spectrophotometry.|Separation of n-heteropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by chromatography.|Dibenz(a,j)acridine was measured in airborne particulate matter by extraction with toluene and ultrasonic treatment. Dibenz(a,j)acridine was extracted from the toluene phase with phosphoric acid, re-extracted with dichloromethane, and determined by capillary gas chromatography with a nitrogen-sensitive detector.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for DIBENZ(A,J)ACRIDINE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens