(±)-Ethopropazine

312.47226

312.47

208-320-4

DTXSID2023018

N - Nervous system

31.8

5.2

Solid

1.1±0.1 g/cm3

64.5 °C

190-193 °C @ Press: 0.5 Torr

213.9±25.7 °C

1.599

5.24e-03 g/L

-20°C

SO4900000

Symptoms of overdose include severe clumsiness or unsteadiness, severe drowsiness, severe dryness of mouth, nose, or throat, fast heartbeat, shortness of breath or troubled breathing, and warmth, dryness, and flushing of skin.

93%

For use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and also used to control severe reactions to certain medicines such as reserpine.

Ethopropazine, a phenothiazine and antidyskinetic, is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. By improving muscle control and reducing stiffness, this drug permits more normal movements of the body as the disease symptoms are reduced. It is also used to control severe reactions to certain medicines such as reserpine, phenothiazines, chlorprothixene, thiothixene, loxapine, and haloperidol. Unlike other NMDA antagonists, ethopropazine — because of its anticholinergic action — is largely devoid of neurotoxic side effects. Ethopropazine also has a slight antihistaminic and local anesthetic effect.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous ACETYLCHOLINE or exogenous agonists. Muscarinic antagonists have widespread effects including actions on the iris and ciliary muscle of the eye, the heart and blood vessels, secretions of the respiratory tract, GI system, and salivary glands, GI motility, urinary bladder tone, and the central nervous system. (See all compounds classified as Muscarinic Antagonists.)|Drugs that bind to but do not activate ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. Adrenergic antagonists block the actions of the endogenous adrenergic transmitters EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE. (See all compounds classified as Adrenergic Antagonists.)|Drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. Classical antihistaminics block the histamine H1 receptors only. (See all compounds classified as Histamine Antagonists.)

Well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

1 to 2 hours

Ethopropazine's antiparkinson action can be attributed to its anticholinergic properties. Ethopropazine partially blocks central (striatal) cholinergic receptors, thereby helping to balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the basal ganglia; salivation may be decreased, and smooth muscle may be relaxed. Drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms and those due to parkinsonism may be relieved, but tardive dyskinesia is not alleviated and may be aggravated by anticholinergic effects. Ethopropazine's local anesthetic effect is due to its antagonism of the NMDA glutamate receptor. Glutamate is recognized as an important transmitter in nociceptive pathways, and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of the glutamate receptor, in particular, has been implicated in the mediation of neuropathic pain. Excessive release of glutamate at NMDA receptors on dorsal horn neurons of the spinal cord results in hyperactivation and hypersensitivity of these receptors (perceived as hyperalgesia), thought to be an integral feature of neuropathic pain.

ethopropazine

Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Pharmaceuticals