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How do I synthesize the compound sodium deuteroxide in a beaker with a low-cost method nothing fancy? Note that the minimum quantity is 50 grams.
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Alan Waller
How do I synthesize the compound sodium deuteroxide in a beaker with a low-cost method nothing fancy? Note that the minimum quantity is 50 grams.
100g of sodium metal in kerosene costs $40.30 from Sigma Aldrich, p/n 71172. SA tends to be more expensive than other suppliers, but the quality is always good. I am sure if one were buying it in bulk, the price per gram would be much much lower.
100g of sodium metal in kerosene costs $40.30 from Sigma Aldrich, p/n 71172. SA tends to be more expensive than other suppliers, but the quality is always good. I am sure if one were buying it in bulk, the price per gram would be much much lower.
The cost of sodium-ion battery cells is expected to be competitive with LFP cells. According to Chinese media sources, we can expect the first generation cells to cost $77 per kWh. With volume production, that figure could drop to below $40 per kWh.
The cost of sodium-ion battery cells is expected to be competitive with LFP cells. According to Chinese media sources, we can expect the first generation cells to cost $77 per kWh. With volume production, that figure could drop to below $40 per kWh.
Cheapest method (probably not cheapest product): Burn sodium, trapping the mixed oxides to the extent possible, add heavy water to dissolve, heat to evaporate moisture, melt the product, then cool it in a sealed vessel.
Sodium hydroxide is hygroscopic. It tenaciously retains water from an aqueous process, giving it up very grudgingly at high temperatures and low pressures. Without access to deuterated alcohols, high-temperature alloy apparatus, and vacuum desiccation, the process described above is probably your best option for workup and it will be incomplete.
This method will destroy the beaker quickly (corrosive to glass) and probably force you to break it anyway to get out the product as a puck or chunks.
You lose substantial deuterium into the air as water. The process is more economical than using sodium metal directly (which displaces deuterium gas from the heavy water), but probably not by a whole lot.
Besides avoiding hydrogen gas displacement, burning the sodium eliminates hydrogenous contaminants if sodium was packaged under solvent.
A soda-lime metathesis in a closed glass apparatus using sodium carbonate and calcium oxide as reactants is a more expensive method but might give a cheaper product, by avoiding the need for sodium metal and controlling the wasting of D2O by evaporation. The idea is to pass clarified D2O solution following reactant contact into a receiving flask from whence D2O can be recirculated through the process by distillation until substantially consumed and an NaOD precipitate can concentrate to the molten stage. Calcium carbonate accumulates as a waste cake somewhere else on the hot side of the apparatus. With some customization, the receiving vessel could be made out of something other than borosilicate glass, which won’t tolerate liquid NaOD very well.
There is not a lot of variability in the cost of 99.8%D D2O; it runs about $1/g in small quantities and $0.30/g in ton quantities. The raw material is not particularly “cheap” and you won’t find any way to save on that side of things.
Cheapest method (probably not cheapest product): Burn sodium, trapping the mixed oxides to the extent possible, add heavy water to dissolve, heat to evaporate moisture, melt the product, then cool it in a sealed vessel.
Sodium hydroxide is hygroscopic. It tenaciously retains water from an aqueous process, giving it up very grudgingly at high temperatures and low pressures. Without access to deuterated alcohols, high-temperature alloy apparatus, and vacuum desiccation, the process described above is probably your best option for workup and it will be incomplete.
This method will destroy the beaker quickly (corrosive to glass) and probably force you to break it anyway to get out the product as a puck or chunks.
You lose substantial deuterium into the air as water. The process is more economical than using sodium metal directly (which displaces deuterium gas from the heavy water), but probably not by a whole lot.
Besides avoiding hydrogen gas displacement, burning the sodium eliminates hydrogenous contaminants if sodium was packaged under solvent.
A soda-lime metathesis in a closed glass apparatus using sodium carbonate and calcium oxide as reactants is a more expensive method but might give a cheaper product, by avoiding the need for sodium metal and controlling the wasting of D2O by evaporation. The idea is to pass clarified D2O solution following reactant contact into a receiving flask from whence D2O can be recirculated through the process by distillation until substantially consumed and an NaOD precipitate can concentrate to the molten stage. Calcium carbonate accumulates as a waste cake somewhere else on the hot side of the apparatus. With some customization, the receiving vessel could be made out of something other than borosilicate glass, which won’t tolerate liquid NaOD very well.
There is not a lot of variability in the cost of 99.8%D D2O; it runs about $1/g in small quantities and $0.30/g in ton quantities. The raw material is not particularly “cheap” and you won’t find any way to save on that side of things.
It is an over the counter blood pressure medication you can buy under the brand name Nitropress. In the US you will pay around 300 $ for 50mg in every other country in the world the cost is around 10 $
It is an over the counter blood pressure medication you can buy under the brand name Nitropress. In the US you will pay around 300 $ for 50mg in every other country in the world the cost is around 10 $
How is this biochemistry?
How is this biochemistry?
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There is no low cost method. If you have the right ingredients it is trivially simple but you will need high purity heavy water and sodium metal.
There is no low cost method. If you have the right ingredients it is trivially simple but you will need high purity heavy water and sodium metal.
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You can get it from the Mining Outpost's Store, or deconstructing other items, or harvesting minerals.
You can get it from the Mining Outpost's Store, or deconstructing other items, or harvesting minerals.
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100g of sodium metal in kerosene costs $40.30 from Sigma Aldrich, p/n 71172. SA tends to be more expensive than other suppliers, but the quality is always good. I am sure if one were buying it in bulk, the price per gram would be much much lower.
100g of sodium metal in kerosene costs $40.30 from Sigma Aldrich, p/n 71172. SA tends to be more expensive than other suppliers, but the quality is always good. I am sure if one were buying it in bulk, the price per gram would be much much lower.
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Since you did not look it up in the chemical literature, you are probably not an experienced chemist so forget it.
Since you did not look it up in the chemical literature, you are probably not an experienced chemist so forget it.
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Divide each mass by respective molar mass
Na = 11.5 / 23 = 0.5
N = 7.00/14 = 0.5
H = 1.01/1.01 = 1
Remove fractions - multiply through by 2
Na = 1
N = 1
H = 2
Empirical formula = NaNH2
Divide each mass by respective molar mass
Na = 11.5 / 23 = 0.5
N = 7.00/14 = 0.5
H = 1.01/1.01 = 1
Remove fractions - multiply through by 2
Na = 1
N = 1
H = 2
Empirical formula = NaNH2
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The cost of sodium-ion battery cells is expected to be competitive with LFP cells. According to Chinese media sources, we can expect the first generation cells to cost $77 per kWh. With volume production, that figure could drop to below $40 per kWh.
Thank you.
The cost of sodium-ion battery cells is expected to be competitive with LFP cells. According to Chinese media sources, we can expect the first generation cells to cost $77 per kWh. With volume production, that figure could drop to below $40 per kWh.
Thank you.
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Cheapest method (probably not cheapest product): Burn sodium, trapping the mixed oxides to the extent possible, add heavy water to dissolve, heat to evaporate moisture, melt the product, then cool it in a sealed vessel.
A soda-lime metathesis in a closed glass apparatus using sodium carbonate and calcium oxide as reactants is a more expensive method but might give a cheaper product, by avoiding the need for sodium metal and controlling the wasting of D2O by evaporation. The idea is to pass clarified D2O solution following reactant contact into a receiving flask from whence D2O can be recirculated through the process by distillation until substantially consumed and an NaOD precipitate can concentrate to the molten stage. Calcium carbonate accumulates as a waste cake somewhere else on the hot side of the apparatus. With some customization, the receiving vessel could be made out of something other than borosilicate glass, which won’t tolerate liquid NaOD very well.
There is not a lot of variability in the cost of 99.8%D D2O; it runs about $1/g in small quantities and $0.30/g in ton quantities. The raw material is not particularly “cheap” and you won’t find any way to save on that side of things.
Cheapest method (probably not cheapest product): Burn sodium, trapping the mixed oxides to the extent possible, add heavy water to dissolve, heat to evaporate moisture, melt the product, then cool it in a sealed vessel.
A soda-lime metathesis in a closed glass apparatus using sodium carbonate and calcium oxide as reactants is a more expensive method but might give a cheaper product, by avoiding the need for sodium metal and controlling the wasting of D2O by evaporation. The idea is to pass clarified D2O solution following reactant contact into a receiving flask from whence D2O can be recirculated through the process by distillation until substantially consumed and an NaOD precipitate can concentrate to the molten stage. Calcium carbonate accumulates as a waste cake somewhere else on the hot side of the apparatus. With some customization, the receiving vessel could be made out of something other than borosilicate glass, which won’t tolerate liquid NaOD very well.
There is not a lot of variability in the cost of 99.8%D D2O; it runs about $1/g in small quantities and $0.30/g in ton quantities. The raw material is not particularly “cheap” and you won’t find any way to save on that side of things.
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It is an over the counter blood pressure medication you can buy under the brand name Nitropress. In the US you will pay around 300 $ for 50mg in every other country in the world the cost is around 10 $
It is an over the counter blood pressure medication you can buy under the brand name Nitropress. In the US you will pay around 300 $ for 50mg in every other country in the world the cost is around 10 $
More
VOTE