Home > Community > How to dissolve calcium sulfate fast?
Upvote

23

Downvote
+ Reactivity
+ Chemistry
Posted by
Ken Stewart

How to dissolve calcium sulfate fast?

David Blache  Follow

Unfortunately calcium sulphate, gypsum, $\ce{CaSO4}$, is depressingly stable and nothing non-deadly will dissolve it.

The other posts you have seen are about calcium carbonate, chalk/limestone/marble, $\ce{CaCO3}$, which acids will dissolve, although people do not in practice use that fact to make holes in it. One of the first difficulties would be to get the application of a liquid focused enough to make a hole-shaped hole.

If you ever did want to dissolve marble, I'd use hydrochloric acid, $\ce{HCl}$, because calcium chloride is nice and soluble. But check beforehand that it doesn't dissolve the gloves you intend to use.

More

Upvote

VOTE

Downvote
Christan Middleton  Follow

Mechanical methods and extreme chemistry aside, there is no instant method of dissolving bulky calcium sulfate (or its hydrates: $\ce{CaSO4 · 0.5 H2O}$ and gypsum $\ce{CaSO4 · 2H2O}$).

Soda-acid treatment

Since $\ce{CaSO4}$ is notably one of the reasons for permanent water hardness, industrial scale machinery using water heat exchangers or boilers are typically liberated from calcium sulfate by washing the insides with concentrated hot sodium carbonate solution for several hours, converting sulfate to less soluble carbonate, which is subsequently dissolved in inhibited acid solution (the process might take half a day or longer):

$$\begin{align}\ce{CaSO4(s) + Na2CO3(aq) &<=>> CaCO3(s) + Na2SO4(aq)}\\\ce{CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) &-> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)}\end{align}$$

Complexing

There are numerous commercially available mixes for cleaning molds used for gypsum casting within hours.Exact composition is usually classified as a trade secret; the majority of the manufacturers would list two main components:

  • Alkaline cleansing agents. To put it simply, any alkali, e.g. $\ce{NaOH}$.
  • Complexing agents. Most likely, these are disodium edetate $\ce{Na2H2EDTA}$ and sodium citrate $\ce{Na3C6H5O7}$.

The idea behind using EDTA salts is pretty simple: it makes insoluble metal salts soluble by making chelate complexes such as $\ce{CaNa2EDTA}$ which are stable (and well-soluble) in water.Citrate may also complexate calcium, and alkaline medium promotes complex formation.This method is widely used in analytical chemistry for the qualitative and quantitative determination of numerous cations (transition and rare-earth metals, actinoids).

Both of the above-mentioned methods may be significantly accelerated if the diffusion barrier is lowered, e.g. by using ultrasonic bath.

More

Upvote

VOTE

Downvote