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OMONJIATE ELIAB PATRICK

Reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous sodium hydroxide

Dawn Parker  Follow

Phosphorus reacts with sodium hydroxide to give phosphine and alkali hypophosphite:

$$\ce{P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O -> 3NaH2PO2 + PH3 ^}$$

The O.S. of phosphorus in disodium hydrogen phosphite is:

$$\ce{ +2*1 + 1 + x + 3*(-2) = 0}$$

$$\ce{ x = +3}$$


Mechanism: The water that is involved is actually moisture that is accounting for the hydrolysis of phosphorus. The reactions can be dissected into three semi-reactions:

$\ce{3P + 3H2O -> 3OPH + 3H}$
$\ce{P +3H -> PH3}$
$\ce{30PH + 3H2O -> 3H3PO2}$

The phosphine so obtained usually inflames spontaneously on coming into contact with the air; each bubble as it escapes forms a vortex ring of smoke. This is due to presence of some amount of $\ce{(PH2)_x}$, the simplest of them being the dimer, $\ce{P2H4}$.

Source: http://phosphorus.atomistry.com/phosphine.html

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Jayna Stokes  Follow
@Mockingbird if we use some phosphorus compound like phosphorus pentoxide, phosphoric acid or phosphorus trihalides and react with sodium hydroxide, sodium phoshate will form.More
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John  Follow
Can sodium phosphate form?More
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Jeff Koch  Follow
You used Chemiday. That is a well-regarded and reliable source, as surely as my running a sub-3 hour marathon (when I tried one it was closer to seven). Can you review and identify primary references?More
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