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+ Oxidation
+ Chemistry
+ Hydrolysis
+ Condensation
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Alan Murrie

What is hydrolysis, oxidation and condensation?

David Johns  Follow

Hydrolysis is the splitting of a compound by adding a water molecule. This occurs during digestion as proteins, polysaccharides, and triglycerides are broken down into amino acids, monosaccharides, and fatty acids + glycerol respectively via the addition of water across specific bonds in these compounds. For example, the peptide link in proteins (C=ONH) is broken down as an OH group from water is added to the C=O and a H atom from water is added to NH, forming the COOH group (carboxylic acid group) and the NH2 group (amine group). This occurs across multiple peptide links in the polypeptide chain as the protein is broken down into amino acid reidues with the general formula NH2CHRCOOH. The breakdown of a protein happens when it binds to the active site of a protease enzyme (e.g. pepsin in the stomach), which catalysed this breakdown process; the amino acids formed pass through to the small intestine and are subsequently absorbed into the bloodstream from the microvilli (via a large network of capillaries) where they are transported to cells that need them (e.g. skeletal muscle cells).

Oxidation occurs when a substance gains oxygen (or loses hydrogen), for example when ethanol (C2H5OH) is oxidised to ethanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) by heating it under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate. Oxidation also occurs when a substance loses electrons, for example an electron carrier in the electron transport chain of a mitochondria gains and loses electrons in a series of redox reactions which releases energy used to produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation/ chemiosmosis.

Condensation occurs when a two molecules join to form one new molecule, and a water molecule is lost in the process. It can therefore be considered the opposite of hydrolysis. An example is when two glucose monomers combine via a 1,4 glycosidic bond to form maltose and a water molecule is eliminated in the process (as one glucose loses an OH group and one loses a H atom).

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Charles MacKay  Follow

They are opposites. Hydrolysis is adding water to split a molecular. Condensation is joining two molecules and getting water as one of the products of the reaction.

Biology: What's the difference between Hydrolysis and Condensation?

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Donald Propp  Follow

Because hydrolysis is the process in which water is added to the substance whereas condensation(dehydration) is the process in which water is removed from the substance.

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Daniel James Berger  Follow

Condensation reactions are associated with bond making and the joining of molecules, with a loss of a water molecule in the process. Hydrolysis is associated with bond breaking, since a chemical bond is being cleaved through the addition of water, and often under the activity of an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction.

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Andy Wiskonsky  Follow

Thanks for A2A.

Difference :

Hydrolysis is a chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water while electrolysis is (chemistry) the chemical change produced by passing an electric current through a conducting solution or a molten salt.

Hydrolysis is a reaction that involves cleavage of bond or decomposition of substance using water. The water split into H+ and OH- ions and split the substrate into fragments. It can be acidic or basic in nature and also be arried out on solid or liquid substances. Ionic as well as covalent bond can undergo hydrolysis.

Example : NaCl + H2O → NaOH + HCl OR CH3COONa + H2O → NaOH + CH3COOH

Electrolysis involves chemical change by passing electric current through a substance in aqueous, fused or molten stat. It also involves gain or loss of electrons i.e. , oxidation or reduction of electrolytes.

Example: Electrolysis of molten NaCl :

NaCl (molten) → Na+ + Cl-

At cathode : Na+ + e- → Na(s) At Anode : Cl- → Cl + e-; Cl + Cl → Cl2(g)

HAPPY LEARNING!!

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Chaw Tin Zar Maung  Follow

The difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis is that in one, bonds are being formed, while in the other bonds are being destroyed. Dehydration synthesis bonds molecules together by removing water. In hydrolysis, water is added to the molecules in order to dissolve those bonds. Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis perform two different jobs when it comes to macromolecules or polymers. Polymers are molecules linked together covalently. According to the website About, when water is subtracted from the chemical equation, small molecules, or monomers, bond together to form polymers.

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