Kryolith is trisodium hexafluoridoaluminate(III) (former named trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), but nomenclature changes - it’s a living language 8-} ), Na3 [AlF6]. The name is Greek for “ice stone”.
Siderite is iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3. The name is Greek for “of iron kind, iron ore”.
Kryolith is trisodium hexafluoridoaluminate(III) (former named trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), but nomenclature changes - it’s a living language 8-} ), Na3 [AlF6]. The name is Greek for “ice stone”.
Siderite is iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3. The name is Greek for “of iron kind, iron ore”.
The formula of Cryolite is Na3AlF6. Cryolite is used in metallurgy of Aluminium in which it lowers the melting point of Alumina as well as increases the electrical conductivity of alumina.
The formula of Cryolite is Na3AlF6. Cryolite is used in metallurgy of Aluminium in which it lowers the melting point of Alumina as well as increases the electrical conductivity of alumina.
Oxide has no chemical formula per say. It is simply a nomenclature chemist use do denominate compounds where oxygen (generally) forms an ionic bond.
For example, consider the compound Aluminum oxide (Al2O3). In this molecule, there are three oxygen atoms which acquire a charge of -2 in most cases, a.k.a. the atoms gain two electron each from another atom. This adds up to a negative charge of -6, leading to the aluminium atoms gaining a charge of 3+ each, a.k.a. they lose 3 electrons each, and thus stabilize the compound. Chemists use “oxide” to say that in this compound oxygen forms ionic bonds.
This nomenclature is used for pretty much all non metals, since their high electronegativity generates ionic bonds with most metals. Take Magnesium carbide for example (Mg2C). In it, a carbon atom forms ionic bonds with 2 magnesium atoms.
Oxide has no chemical formula per say. It is simply a nomenclature chemist use do denominate compounds where oxygen (generally) forms an ionic bond.
For example, consider the compound Aluminum oxide (Al2O3). In this molecule, there are three oxygen atoms which acquire a charge of -2 in most cases, a.k.a. the atoms gain two electron each from another atom. This adds up to a negative charge of -6, leading to the aluminium atoms gaining a charge of 3+ each, a.k.a. they lose 3 electrons each, and thus stabilize the compound. Chemists use “oxide” to say that in this compound oxygen forms ionic bonds.
This nomenclature is used for pretty much all non metals, since their high electronegativity generates ionic bonds with most metals. Take Magnesium carbide for example (Mg2C). In it, a carbon atom forms ionic bonds with 2 magnesium atoms.
Well, actually there is no specific formula for detergent. Detergents usually made out of surfactants. Basicly, if we assume the molecule as a chain, one end of the chain prefers to stay in the water (hydrophilic) while the other end prefers to stay out of the water (hydrophobic).
[here I mean the negative charge with ( -) and positive charge with (+)]
The long chain C17H35 escapes from water (hydrophobic), while COO- group likes water (hydrophilic). Briefly, it releases a positive sodium ion into the water, negative charge (COO-) gets buried into the water while hydrocarbon chain stays prefers stay out of the water. In other words, if we think of this as the hair of water, hydrocarbon chain is body of the hair while COO- group is root of the hair. (*)
The hydrocarbon chain not only has bad relation with water, bat also has good relation with fat, protein, etc. It sticks to fat molecules. Tat is how it works.
C17H35COO- anion is increasing the surface tension (it is anoter story) and doing the business while lazy Na+ cation is walking around. That’s why we call it as “anionic surfactant”.
There are different anionic surfactants, e.g. sodium-lauryl-sulphate is famous surfactant in composition of detergents, thoothpastes, shampoos etc.
(*): Positive charge in the water due to the Na+ ions can pull all the chain into the water, thus, our molecule is actually slightly soluble in water. In other words, every hydrocarbons do not have the chance to escape from water due to opposite electrical charge, it makes some solubility.
There are also cationic non-ionic surfactants which have the similar mechanism. Except, cationic ones releases an anion (e.g. Chloride) while they are accumulating on the surface as cations, non ionic ones do not decompose into ions.
Anionic surfactants are used in composition of detergents.
Cationic surfactants are used in compositions of laundry softeners and dishwashing rinse aids which are not good to use them together with detergents because they counter the detergents. That’s why the machines get them in turn, there are also dishwasher tablets release them in turn.
Non-ionic surfactants are used in detergents as well as softeners etc.
Basicly, we can say that the surfactants work on the surface of the water, or rather on the water-oil interface. However, if they reach the proper conditions, they form micelles which are more effective physical forms.
The easiest way to understand micelles is that way, I guess: Just imagine an empty cell membrane. Hydrophilic part of the molecule is outside, hydrophobic part is inside. Since the most of dirts are good to stick hydrophobic structure, they get trapped in the micelle. There are other forms of micelles, such as opposing layers etc.
Micelles are sensitive to temperature; micelles formed by ionic surfactants are also sensitive to ion concentration and pH value. It is not a good idea to use acid (e.g. vinegar) with detergent because it counters the micelle formation as well as the detergent itself. Using alkali material (e.g. soda) with detergent may be helpful, however, there is already pre-calculated amount of alkali compounds in composition of detergents, so using additives only in recommended amounts and being loyal to factory’s recommendations (e.g. temperature, detergent and soda amounts according to hardness of the water) is the most effective way. Excessive amounts do not help. [I am saying that but honestly, sometimes I am doing the opposite, for example, I add one teaspoon of caustic soda when washing the cooking pot in the sink, yet I do not recommend it, because it is actually harmful to the pot as well as the hands.]
Well, actually there is no specific formula for detergent. Detergents usually made out of surfactants. Basicly, if we assume the molecule as a chain, one end of the chain prefers to stay in the water (hydrophilic) while the other end prefers to stay out of the water (hydrophobic).
[here I mean the negative charge with ( -) and positive charge with (+)]
The long chain C17H35 escapes from water (hydrophobic), while COO- group likes water (hydrophilic). Briefly, it releases a positive sodium ion into the water, negative charge (COO-) gets buried into the water while hydrocarbon chain stays prefers stay out of the water. In other words, if we think of this as the hair of water, hydrocarbon chain is body of the hair while COO- group is root of the hair. (*)
The hydrocarbon chain not only has bad relation with water, bat also has good relation with fat, protein, etc. It sticks to fat molecules. Tat is how it works.
C17H35COO- anion is increasing the surface tension (it is anoter story) and doing the business while lazy Na+ cation is walking around. That’s why we call it as “anionic surfactant”.
There are different anionic surfactants, e.g. sodium-lauryl-sulphate is famous surfactant in composition of detergents, thoothpastes, shampoos etc.
(*): Positive charge in the water due to the Na+ ions can pull all the chain into the water, thus, our molecule is actually slightly soluble in water. In other words, every hydrocarbons do not have the chance to escape from water due to opposite electrical charge, it makes some solubility.
There are also cationic non-ionic surfactants which have the similar mechanism. Except, cationic ones releases an anion (e.g. Chloride) while they are accumulating on the surface as cations, non ionic ones do not decompose into ions.
Anionic surfactants are used in composition of detergents.
Cationic surfactants are used in compositions of laundry softeners and dishwashing rinse aids which are not good to use them together with detergents because they counter the detergents. That’s why the machines get them in turn, there are also dishwasher tablets release them in turn.
Non-ionic surfactants are used in detergents as well as softeners etc.
Basicly, we can say that the surfactants work on the surface of the water, or rather on the water-oil interface. However, if they reach the proper conditions, they form micelles which are more effective physical forms.
The easiest way to understand micelles is that way, I guess: Just imagine an empty cell membrane. Hydrophilic part of the molecule is outside, hydrophobic part is inside. Since the most of dirts are good to stick hydrophobic structure, they get trapped in the micelle. There are other forms of micelles, such as opposing layers etc.
Micelles are sensitive to temperature; micelles formed by ionic surfactants are also sensitive to ion concentration and pH value. It is not a good idea to use acid (e.g. vinegar) with detergent because it counters the micelle formation as well as the detergent itself. Using alkali material (e.g. soda) with detergent may be helpful, however, there is already pre-calculated amount of alkali compounds in composition of detergents, so using additives only in recommended amounts and being loyal to factory’s recommendations (e.g. temperature, detergent and soda amounts according to hardness of the water) is the most effective way. Excessive amounts do not help. [I am saying that but honestly, sometimes I am doing the opposite, for example, I add one teaspoon of caustic soda when washing the cooking pot in the sink, yet I do not recommend it, because it is actually harmful to the pot as well as the hands.]
Actually it's a very easy to find chemical formula of any human being.
It is simply all the possible combinations of 26 alphabets from A to Z . And hope you are good enough in maths so please buddy do 26! (Factorial of 26) and then choose your favorite one.
Also if you want you can make formula by choosing the elements found in human being. The list will be only a bit longer . But believe me It will be of great fun during quarantine.
Actually it's a very easy to find chemical formula of any human being.
It is simply all the possible combinations of 26 alphabets from A to Z . And hope you are good enough in maths so please buddy do 26! (Factorial of 26) and then choose your favorite one.
Also if you want you can make formula by choosing the elements found in human being. The list will be only a bit longer . But believe me It will be of great fun during quarantine.
Petrolatum. Is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons ultimately derived from crude oil. Selected semi refined oils are blended, then hydrogenated and then filtered. I worked for 7 years in a refinery that produced petrolatum. No single chemical formula for petrolatum is possible.
Petrolatum. Is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons ultimately derived from crude oil. Selected semi refined oils are blended, then hydrogenated and then filtered. I worked for 7 years in a refinery that produced petrolatum. No single chemical formula for petrolatum is possible.
It's COCl2. Other names are carbonic dichloride, carbonyl chloride. Molecular weight 98.91 g/mol. It's its a highly toxic gas.
It's COCl2. Other names are carbonic dichloride, carbonyl chloride. Molecular weight 98.91 g/mol. It's its a highly toxic gas.
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Kryolith is trisodium hexafluoridoaluminate(III) (former named trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), but nomenclature changes - it’s a living language 8-} ), Na3 [AlF6]. The name is Greek for “ice stone”.
Siderite is iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3. The name is Greek for “of iron kind, iron ore”.
Kryolith is trisodium hexafluoridoaluminate(III) (former named trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), but nomenclature changes - it’s a living language 8-} ), Na3 [AlF6]. The name is Greek for “ice stone”.
Siderite is iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3. The name is Greek for “of iron kind, iron ore”.
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The formula of Cryolite is Na3AlF6. Cryolite is used in metallurgy of Aluminium in which it lowers the melting point of Alumina as well as increases the electrical conductivity of alumina.
The formula of Cryolite is Na3AlF6. Cryolite is used in metallurgy of Aluminium in which it lowers the melting point of Alumina as well as increases the electrical conductivity of alumina.
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Oxide has no chemical formula per say. It is simply a nomenclature chemist use do denominate compounds where oxygen (generally) forms an ionic bond.
For example, consider the compound Aluminum oxide (Al2O3). In this molecule, there are three oxygen atoms which acquire a charge of -2 in most cases, a.k.a. the atoms gain two electron each from another atom. This adds up to a negative charge of -6, leading to the aluminium atoms gaining a charge of 3+ each, a.k.a. they lose 3 electrons each, and thus stabilize the compound. Chemists use “oxide” to say that in this compound oxygen forms ionic bonds.
This nomenclature is used for pretty much all non metals, since their high electronegativity generates ionic bonds with most metals. Take Magnesium carbide for example (Mg2C). In it, a carbon atom forms ionic bonds with 2 magnesium atoms.
Oxide has no chemical formula per say. It is simply a nomenclature chemist use do denominate compounds where oxygen (generally) forms an ionic bond.
For example, consider the compound Aluminum oxide (Al2O3). In this molecule, there are three oxygen atoms which acquire a charge of -2 in most cases, a.k.a. the atoms gain two electron each from another atom. This adds up to a negative charge of -6, leading to the aluminium atoms gaining a charge of 3+ each, a.k.a. they lose 3 electrons each, and thus stabilize the compound. Chemists use “oxide” to say that in this compound oxygen forms ionic bonds.
This nomenclature is used for pretty much all non metals, since their high electronegativity generates ionic bonds with most metals. Take Magnesium carbide for example (Mg2C). In it, a carbon atom forms ionic bonds with 2 magnesium atoms.
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Carnalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated potassium magnesium chloride with formula KMgCl3·6(H2O).
Carnalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated potassium magnesium chloride with formula KMgCl3·6(H2O).
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Morpholine is a heterocyclic amine:
Morpholine is a heterocyclic amine:
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Well, actually there is no specific formula for detergent. Detergents usually made out of surfactants. Basicly, if we assume the molecule as a chain, one end of the chain prefers to stay in the water (hydrophilic) while the other end prefers to stay out of the water (hydrophobic).
I think the simplest example is sodium stearate:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COONa
This is main material of soap. If you try to dissolve soap in water, it becomes
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO(-) Na(+).
[here I mean the negative charge with ( -) and positive charge with (+)]
The long chain C17H35 escapes from water (hydrophobic), while COO- group likes water (hydrophilic). Briefly, it releases a positive sodium ion into the water, negative charge (COO-) gets buried into the water while hydrocarbon chain stays prefers stay out of the water. In other words, if we think of this as the hair of water, hydrocarbon chain is body of the hair while COO- group is root of the hair. (*)
The hydrocarbon chain not only has bad relation with water, bat also has good relation with fat, protein, etc. It sticks to fat molecules. Tat is how it works.
C17H35COO- anion is increasing the surface tension (it is anoter story) and doing the business while lazy Na+ cation is walking around. That’s why we call it as “anionic surfactant”.
There are different anionic surfactants, e.g. sodium-lauryl-sulphate is famous surfactant in composition of detergents, thoothpastes, shampoos etc.
(*): Positive charge in the water due to the Na+ ions can pull all the chain into the water, thus, our molecule is actually slightly soluble in water. In other words, every hydrocarbons do not have the chance to escape from water due to opposite electrical charge, it makes some solubility.
There are also cationic non-ionic surfactants which have the similar mechanism. Except, cationic ones releases an anion (e.g. Chloride) while they are accumulating on the surface as cations, non ionic ones do not decompose into ions.
Anionic surfactants are used in composition of detergents.
Cationic surfactants are used in compositions of laundry softeners and dishwashing rinse aids which are not good to use them together with detergents because they counter the detergents. That’s why the machines get them in turn, there are also dishwasher tablets release them in turn.
Non-ionic surfactants are used in detergents as well as softeners etc.
Basicly, we can say that the surfactants work on the surface of the water, or rather on the water-oil interface. However, if they reach the proper conditions, they form micelles which are more effective physical forms.
The easiest way to understand micelles is that way, I guess: Just imagine an empty cell membrane. Hydrophilic part of the molecule is outside, hydrophobic part is inside. Since the most of dirts are good to stick hydrophobic structure, they get trapped in the micelle. There are other forms of micelles, such as opposing layers etc.
Micelles are sensitive to temperature; micelles formed by ionic surfactants are also sensitive to ion concentration and pH value. It is not a good idea to use acid (e.g. vinegar) with detergent because it counters the micelle formation as well as the detergent itself. Using alkali material (e.g. soda) with detergent may be helpful, however, there is already pre-calculated amount of alkali compounds in composition of detergents, so using additives only in recommended amounts and being loyal to factory’s recommendations (e.g. temperature, detergent and soda amounts according to hardness of the water) is the most effective way. Excessive amounts do not help. [I am saying that but honestly, sometimes I am doing the opposite, for example, I add one teaspoon of caustic soda when washing the cooking pot in the sink, yet I do not recommend it, because it is actually harmful to the pot as well as the hands.]
Well, actually there is no specific formula for detergent. Detergents usually made out of surfactants. Basicly, if we assume the molecule as a chain, one end of the chain prefers to stay in the water (hydrophilic) while the other end prefers to stay out of the water (hydrophobic).
I think the simplest example is sodium stearate:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COONa
This is main material of soap. If you try to dissolve soap in water, it becomes
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO(-) Na(+).
[here I mean the negative charge with ( -) and positive charge with (+)]
The long chain C17H35 escapes from water (hydrophobic), while COO- group likes water (hydrophilic). Briefly, it releases a positive sodium ion into the water, negative charge (COO-) gets buried into the water while hydrocarbon chain stays prefers stay out of the water. In other words, if we think of this as the hair of water, hydrocarbon chain is body of the hair while COO- group is root of the hair. (*)
The hydrocarbon chain not only has bad relation with water, bat also has good relation with fat, protein, etc. It sticks to fat molecules. Tat is how it works.
C17H35COO- anion is increasing the surface tension (it is anoter story) and doing the business while lazy Na+ cation is walking around. That’s why we call it as “anionic surfactant”.
There are different anionic surfactants, e.g. sodium-lauryl-sulphate is famous surfactant in composition of detergents, thoothpastes, shampoos etc.
(*): Positive charge in the water due to the Na+ ions can pull all the chain into the water, thus, our molecule is actually slightly soluble in water. In other words, every hydrocarbons do not have the chance to escape from water due to opposite electrical charge, it makes some solubility.
There are also cationic non-ionic surfactants which have the similar mechanism. Except, cationic ones releases an anion (e.g. Chloride) while they are accumulating on the surface as cations, non ionic ones do not decompose into ions.
Anionic surfactants are used in composition of detergents.
Cationic surfactants are used in compositions of laundry softeners and dishwashing rinse aids which are not good to use them together with detergents because they counter the detergents. That’s why the machines get them in turn, there are also dishwasher tablets release them in turn.
Non-ionic surfactants are used in detergents as well as softeners etc.
Basicly, we can say that the surfactants work on the surface of the water, or rather on the water-oil interface. However, if they reach the proper conditions, they form micelles which are more effective physical forms.
The easiest way to understand micelles is that way, I guess: Just imagine an empty cell membrane. Hydrophilic part of the molecule is outside, hydrophobic part is inside. Since the most of dirts are good to stick hydrophobic structure, they get trapped in the micelle. There are other forms of micelles, such as opposing layers etc.
Micelles are sensitive to temperature; micelles formed by ionic surfactants are also sensitive to ion concentration and pH value. It is not a good idea to use acid (e.g. vinegar) with detergent because it counters the micelle formation as well as the detergent itself. Using alkali material (e.g. soda) with detergent may be helpful, however, there is already pre-calculated amount of alkali compounds in composition of detergents, so using additives only in recommended amounts and being loyal to factory’s recommendations (e.g. temperature, detergent and soda amounts according to hardness of the water) is the most effective way. Excessive amounts do not help. [I am saying that but honestly, sometimes I am doing the opposite, for example, I add one teaspoon of caustic soda when washing the cooking pot in the sink, yet I do not recommend it, because it is actually harmful to the pot as well as the hands.]
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Actually it's a very easy to find chemical formula of any human being.
It is simply all the possible combinations of 26 alphabets from A to Z . And hope you are good enough in maths so please buddy do 26! (Factorial of 26) and then choose your favorite one.
Also if you want you can make formula by choosing the elements found in human being. The list will be only a bit longer . But believe me It will be of great fun during quarantine.
Please enjoy dear?…. Thanks also!!
Actually it's a very easy to find chemical formula of any human being.
It is simply all the possible combinations of 26 alphabets from A to Z . And hope you are good enough in maths so please buddy do 26! (Factorial of 26) and then choose your favorite one.
Also if you want you can make formula by choosing the elements found in human being. The list will be only a bit longer . But believe me It will be of great fun during quarantine.
Please enjoy dear?…. Thanks also!!
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VOTE
Petrolatum. Is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons ultimately derived from crude oil. Selected semi refined oils are blended, then hydrogenated and then filtered. I worked for 7 years in a refinery that produced petrolatum. No single chemical formula for petrolatum is possible.
Petrolatum. Is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons ultimately derived from crude oil. Selected semi refined oils are blended, then hydrogenated and then filtered. I worked for 7 years in a refinery that produced petrolatum. No single chemical formula for petrolatum is possible.
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Fe²O³.H²O
Fe²O³.H²O
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Fluorite is the mineral form of CaF2.
Fluorite is the mineral form of CaF2.
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