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What is the separation diagram showing the mixture of benzoic acid, aniline, and phenol when dissolved in chloroform, and then the solution is treated with NaOH, HCl, and NaHCO₃?
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Mark Wedrall
What is the separation diagram showing the mixture of benzoic acid, aniline, and phenol when dissolved in chloroform, and then the solution is treated with NaOH, HCl, and NaHCO₃?
These compounds can be separated by selective extraction using the fact that aniline, aminobenzene will be found in an aqueous using the weak HCl solution. Chloroform being quite dense means the after three extractions, both organic acids phenol and benzoic will remain in the bottom layer. The free base aniline is recovered by base addition NaOH. The two acids remaining in the chloroform are easy to separate as phenol is a weak acid that can be liberated with the bicarbonate. Benzoic is a strong acid thus can be selectively extracted from the chloroform.
These compounds can be separated by selective extraction using the fact that aniline, aminobenzene will be found in an aqueous using the weak HCl solution. Chloroform being quite dense means the after three extractions, both organic acids phenol and benzoic will remain in the bottom layer. The free base aniline is recovered by base addition NaOH. The two acids remaining in the chloroform are easy to separate as phenol is a weak acid that can be liberated with the bicarbonate. Benzoic is a strong acid thus can be selectively extracted from the chloroform.
Among the given four, phenol is an acidic compound, benzoic acid is a carboxylic acid, aniline is basic and biphenyl is neutral.
Phenol is less acidic than benzoic acid and so it doesn’t react with sodium bicarbonate. So, when the mixture is treated with a solution of the bicarbonate in a separating funnel, only benzoic acid reacts with it and gets dissolved as sodium benzoate. The lower aqueous layer containing sodium benzoate is removed and acidified with hydrochloric acid to get free benzoic acid .
The mixture free from benzoic acid is now treated with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. Only the phenol present in the mixture will dissolve in the alkali solution as sodium phenate. The lower layer in the funnel having sodium phenate is taken out and treated with hydrochloric acid to recover phenol.
The mixture now contains only aniline and biphenyl. Aniline can be separated from the other by treating the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid. Aniline dissolves in the acid solution forming the salt aniline hydrochloride. The aqueous layer is removed and treated with sodium hydroxide to get free aniline.
After the removal of the acidic benzoic acid and phenol and the basic aniline, only the neutral biphenyl will be left in the separating funnel.
Among the given four, phenol is an acidic compound, benzoic acid is a carboxylic acid, aniline is basic and biphenyl is neutral.
Phenol is less acidic than benzoic acid and so it doesn’t react with sodium bicarbonate. So, when the mixture is treated with a solution of the bicarbonate in a separating funnel, only benzoic acid reacts with it and gets dissolved as sodium benzoate. The lower aqueous layer containing sodium benzoate is removed and acidified with hydrochloric acid to get free benzoic acid .
The mixture free from benzoic acid is now treated with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. Only the phenol present in the mixture will dissolve in the alkali solution as sodium phenate. The lower layer in the funnel having sodium phenate is taken out and treated with hydrochloric acid to recover phenol.
The mixture now contains only aniline and biphenyl. Aniline can be separated from the other by treating the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid. Aniline dissolves in the acid solution forming the salt aniline hydrochloride. The aqueous layer is removed and treated with sodium hydroxide to get free aniline.
After the removal of the acidic benzoic acid and phenol and the basic aniline, only the neutral biphenyl will be left in the separating funnel.
These compounds can be separated by selective extraction using the fact that aniline, aminobenzene will be found in an aqueous using the weak HCl solution. Chloroform being quite dense means the after three extractions, both organic acids phenol and benzoic will remain in the bottom layer. The free base aniline is recovered by base addition NaOH. The two acids remaining in the chloroform are easy to separate as phenol is a weak acid that can be liberated with the bicarbonate. Benzoic is a strong acid thus can be selectively extracted from the chloroform.
These compounds can be separated by selective extraction using the fact that aniline, aminobenzene will be found in an aqueous using the weak HCl solution. Chloroform being quite dense means the after three extractions, both organic acids phenol and benzoic will remain in the bottom layer. The free base aniline is recovered by base addition NaOH. The two acids remaining in the chloroform are easy to separate as phenol is a weak acid that can be liberated with the bicarbonate. Benzoic is a strong acid thus can be selectively extracted from the chloroform.
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Among the given four, phenol is an acidic compound, benzoic acid is a carboxylic acid, aniline is basic and biphenyl is neutral.
Phenol is less acidic than benzoic acid and so it doesn’t react with sodium bicarbonate. So, when the mixture is treated with a solution of the bicarbonate in a separating funnel, only benzoic acid reacts with it and gets dissolved as sodium benzoate. The lower aqueous layer containing sodium benzoate is removed and acidified with hydrochloric acid to get free benzoic acid .
The mixture free from benzoic acid is now treated with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. Only the phenol present in the mixture will dissolve in the alkali solution as sodium phenate. The lower layer in the funnel having sodium phenate is taken out and treated with hydrochloric acid to recover phenol.
The mixture now contains only aniline and biphenyl. Aniline can be separated from the other by treating the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid. Aniline dissolves in the acid solution forming the salt aniline hydrochloride. The aqueous layer is removed and treated with sodium hydroxide to get free aniline.
After the removal of the acidic benzoic acid and phenol and the basic aniline, only the neutral biphenyl will be left in the separating funnel.
Among the given four, phenol is an acidic compound, benzoic acid is a carboxylic acid, aniline is basic and biphenyl is neutral.
Phenol is less acidic than benzoic acid and so it doesn’t react with sodium bicarbonate. So, when the mixture is treated with a solution of the bicarbonate in a separating funnel, only benzoic acid reacts with it and gets dissolved as sodium benzoate. The lower aqueous layer containing sodium benzoate is removed and acidified with hydrochloric acid to get free benzoic acid .
The mixture free from benzoic acid is now treated with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. Only the phenol present in the mixture will dissolve in the alkali solution as sodium phenate. The lower layer in the funnel having sodium phenate is taken out and treated with hydrochloric acid to recover phenol.
The mixture now contains only aniline and biphenyl. Aniline can be separated from the other by treating the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid. Aniline dissolves in the acid solution forming the salt aniline hydrochloride. The aqueous layer is removed and treated with sodium hydroxide to get free aniline.
After the removal of the acidic benzoic acid and phenol and the basic aniline, only the neutral biphenyl will be left in the separating funnel.
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