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+ Chemistry
+ Oxides
+ Hydrochloric acid
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Les McLean

What will be formed when concentrated hydrochloric reacts with copper oxide?

Aminat Aregbe  Follow

If, by “copper oxide”, you mean CuO, then:

2CuO(a) + 2HCl(a) = 2CuCl(a) + H2O + 0.5O2(g) [T > 35C]

Change in Free Energy: ΔG(35C) = -1.9kJ (negative, so the reaction runs)

Change in Enthalpy: ΔH(35C) = +132.1kJ (positive, so the reaction is endothermic)

However, if, by “copper oxide”, you mean Cu2O, then:

Cu2O + 2HCl(a) = 2CuCl(a) + H2O

Change in Free Energy: ΔG(35C) = -23.4kJ (negative, so the reaction runs)

Change in Enthalpy: ΔH(35C) = +16.6kJ (positive, so the reaction is endothermic)

BUT if T > 195C, then

Change in Free Energy: ΔG(195C) = -44.0kJ (negative, so the reaction runs)

Change in Enthalpy: ΔH(195C) = -0.012kJ (negative, so the reaction is exothermic)

And the reaction becomes more exothermic as the temperature is increased beyond 195C.

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Bobby Tatro  Follow

Copper chloride and water are formed.
The equations (for copper(I) and copper(II) oxides) are:
Cu₂O + 2HCl → 2CuCl + H₂O.
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O.

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