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Kein Timothy Capuno

Why is copper a better conductor of electricity than calcium?

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Comparing the conductivities must start with some data - then you start dealing with explanations. Otherwise, you are making predictions - no, not predictions - speculations. Get some data first, then compare, speculate, hypothesize, predict, check predictions, repeat.

As far as electrical conductivities, tables exist ( https://www.angstromsciences.com/elements-electrical-conductivity), and the screen shot below shows conductivities from nickel and zinc (bracketting copper) all the way thru more conductive elements, including calcium, and to silver, the most conductive element.

The sea of electrons is not equally smooth for all elements, nor equally deep. Semiconductors have interesting conductivity, and theories exist to explain such behavior (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity), but it seems that comparing conductivities of very conductive elements is more difficult.

It is interesting that the conductivity of copper does not vary much whether it is fully annealed (very soft) or cold drawn (fully hard)(https://www.thoughtco.com/table-of-electrical-resistivity-conductivity-608499). Alloying copper has a much greater effect on conductivity.

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