Home > Community > Why is glacial acetic acid used in the nitration of acetanilide?
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Leo Roos

Why is glacial acetic acid used in the nitration of acetanilide?

Dallas Hall  Follow

Glacial acetic acid is used because it is an excellent polar protic solvent capable of dissolving acetanilide. For the process, acetanilide is first dissolved in the solvent, glacial acetic acid, by warming. It's just a solvent to dissolve anisole (both are polar). That is, if you meant glacial (anhydrous) acetic acid. It's also easily removed in an aqueous workup, given that it is polar and thus should dissolve in water.

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Andrew McGregor  Follow

In water,bromine is ionised up to greater extent to form large number of bromonium ions.Hence Br+ ions attack on aniline from either side to form 2,4,6,-tribromoaniline.

In order to obtain monobromo aniline,reaction is carried out in presence of acetic acid. In glacial acetic acid,bromine is ionised to lesser extent and hence relatively less number of bromonium ions are formed.Thus interference of water is ceased.

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Dave Shawtie's  Follow

Glacial acetic acid is used because it is a polar solvent capable of dissolving acetanilide and the acetate ion is a poor nucleophile, so no substitution is possible. Acetanilide is used as an inhibitor of hydrogen peroxide decomposition and is used to stabilize cellulose ester varnishes. It has also found uses in the intermediation in rubber accelerator synthesis, dyes and dye intermediate synthesis, and camphor synthesis.

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Cars and Trucks  Follow

Glacial acetic acid is used because it is a polar solvent capable of dissolving acetanilide and the acetate ion is a poor nucleophile, so no substitution is possible.

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Chuck Smallman  Follow

100% pure acetic acid, when freeze it appears as ice. There know as glacial acetic acid.

Function

  1. Glacial acetic acid is an excellent polar solvent. It is frequently used as a solvent for recrystallization to purify organic compounds.
  2. Glacial acetic acid is used in analytical chemistry for the estimation of weakly alkaline substance.

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Craig Fairhurst  Follow

Theory: Acetanilide is prepared from aniline when it reacts with acetic anhydride/glacial acetic acid in the presence of zinc dust. ... Zinc is used to prevent the oxidation of aniline during the chemical reaction. Acetanilide is medicinally important and it is used as febrifuge.

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Betsy Morales  Follow

Glacial acetic acid has a capability to dissolve acetanilide becz it is polar protic solvent so that it is used for dissolving acetanilide in the nitration process.

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Comet  Follow

So the reason why Acetic acid is used is to polarise the Bromine molecule to bromine atoms with first of all partial negative and positive charge and finally formation of +ve and -ve bromine atom. Proteins that replicate DNA and repair damaged genetic material are created directly by acetylation. Acetylation also helps in DNA transcription. Acetylation determines the energy that proteins use during duplication and this determines the accuracy of copying the genes.

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Chemistry  Follow

Acetanilide is synthesized from aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride in presence of glacial acetic acid. ... Aniline reacts with acetic anhydride to form Acetanilide by nucleophilic substitution reaction and the reaction is called acetylation. Glacial acetic acid is an excellent polar protic solvent, as noted above. It is frequently used as a solvent for recrystallization to purify organic compounds. Acetic acid is used as a solvent in the production of terephthalic acid (TPA), the raw material for polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

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