Bacillary dysentery is referred to as bacillary dysentery; it is an intestinal infectious disease caused by Shigella (Shigella dysenteriae). There are clinical manifestations such as systemic poisoning symptoms, abdominal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus, and bloody stools. Toxic bacillary dysentery has an acute onset, sudden high fever, repeated convulsions, drowsiness, coma, rapid onset of circulatory failure and respiratory failure, while intestinal symptoms are mild or absent, and the condition is serious. This disease has effective antibacterial treatment and a high cure rate. Poor efficacy or chronicity is often due to lack of formal treatment, untimely treatment, improper use of drugs, or infection with drug-resistant strains. It can occur throughout the year, but is more common in summer and autumn. The incidence rate is generally higher in children, followed by young and middle-aged people aged 20 to 39, and there are fewer elderly patients.