As early as 1883, some people believed that compression of the radial nerve or its branches might be one of the causes of tennis elbow. In 1905, Guillain reported a case in which a wind musician suffered from compression of the posterior interosseous nerve due to repeated supination and pronation of the forearm. Since then, there have been continuous clinical reports of posterior interosseous nerve compression. Aneurysms, tumors, and elbow fractures are all considered to be the causes of posterior interosseous nerve compression. However, for many years, tennis elbow has been the main diagnosis for proximal lateral forearm pain. In 1956, Michele and Krueger described the clinical symptoms and signs of radial pronator syndrome. In 1960, they further reported the clinical efficacy of proximal supinator release in the treatment of intractable tennis elbow. In 1972, Roles and Maudsley proposed the concept of radial tunnel syndrome and analyzed the anatomical region, structural characteristics, possible compressed nerves, and the causes of tennis elbow. In 1979, Werner and Lister first confirmed the relationship between radial canal nerve compression and pain on the lateral elbow and proximal lateral forearm through detailed data, and proposed the key points for differentiation from lateral epicondylitis of the humerus and the connection with tennis elbow. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research on radial canal syndrome, the understanding has been improved day by day.