Sepsis is a general term for surgical infections with systemic inflammatory response manifestations, such as changes in body temperature, respiration, and circulation. It is the damage to body tissues caused by the absorption of endotoxins, exotoxins produced by pathogens and the various inflammatory mediators mediated by them. When sepsis is combined with manifestations of organ insufficiency, such as lactic acidosis, oliguria, acute changes in consciousness, etc., it is called pyemia syndrome. If bacteria invade the blood circulation and blood culture is positive, it is called bacteremia. Sepsis and bacteremia are often secondary to infections after severe trauma and various suppurative infections. The pathogenic bacteria are complex, numerous, and highly toxic. Generally, the onset is acute, the condition is severe, and the changes are rapid, often accompanied by organ insufficiency. Active comprehensive treatment must be given clinically. While fighting infection, attention should be paid to correcting electrolyte disorders and acid-base imbalances, and timely grasping the involvement of important organs such as the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys and actively treating them.