Spironolactone tablets

This drug has a similar structure to aldosterone and is a competitive inhibitor of aldosterone. It acts on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, blocking the Na+-K+ and Na+-H+ exchanges, resulting in increased excretion of Na+, C1- and water, reduced excretion of K+, Mg2+ and H+, and uncertain effects on Ca2+ and P3-. Since this drug only acts on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, and has no effect on other segments of the renal tubule, its diuretic effect is weak. In addition, this drug also has effects on aldosterone target organs other than the renal tubule.

Spironolactone chemical name: 17beta;-hydroxy-3-oxo-7alpha;-(acetylthio)-17alpha;-pregnane-4-ene-21-carboxylic acid gamma;-lactone.

This product is white tablets.

(1) Edema diseases: used in combination with other diuretics to treat edema diseases such as congestive edema, ascites caused by liver cirrhosis, and renal edema. It is also used to treat idiopathic edema. (2) Hypertension: used as an auxiliary drug for the treatment of hypertension. (3) Primary aldosteronism: spironolactone can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. (4) Prevention of hypokalemia.

1. Adults ① For the treatment of edema, take 40-120 mg daily in 2-4 divided doses for at least 5 consecutive days. Adjust the dose as appropriate later. ② For the treatment of hypertension, start with 40-80 mg daily in divided doses for at least 2 weeks, and adjust the dose as appropriate later. It should not be used in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to avoid increasing the chance of hyperkalemia. ③ For the treatment of primary aldosteronism, the daily dose for patients before surgery is 100-400 mg in 2-4 divided doses. For patients who are not suitable for surgery, a smaller dose is used for maintenance. ④ For the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. For long-term tests, take 400 mg daily in 2-4 divided doses for 3-4 consecutive weeks. For short-term tests, take 400 mg daily in 2-4 divided doses for 4 consecutive days. The elderly are more sensitive to this drug, so the initial dose should be smaller. 2. For the treatment of edema in children, start with 1-3 mg/kg per day or 30-90 mg/m2 per body surface area, taken once or in 2-4 doses. Adjust the dose as appropriate after 5 consecutive days. The maximum dose is 3-9 mg/kg or 90-270 mg/m2 per day.

(1) Common ones include: ① Hyperkalemia, which is the most common, especially when the drug is used alone, when a high-potassium diet is consumed, when taking potassium or potassium-containing drugs such as penicillin potassium, and when there is renal impairment, oliguria, or anuria. Even when used in combination with thiazide diuretics, the incidence of hyperkalemia can still reach 8.6%~26%, and arrhythmia is often the first manifestation. Therefore, blood potassium and electrocardiogram must be closely monitored during medication; ② Gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, gastric cramps and diarrhea; there are also reports that it can cause peptic ulcers. (2) Rare symptoms include: ① hyponatremia, which is rare when used alone, but increases in incidence when used in combination with other diuretics; ② anti-androgen-like effects or effects on other endocrine systems. Long-term use of this drug can cause male breast development, impotence, and sexual dysfunction in men, and breast tenderness, hoarseness of voice, increased hair growth, menstrual disorders, and decreased sexual function in women; ③ central nervous system manifestations. Long-term or high-dose use of this drug can cause walking incoordination, headaches, etc. (3) Rare symptoms include: ① allergic reactions, with rashes and even dyspnea; ② temporary increases in plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen, which are mainly related to excessive diuresis, insufficient effective blood volume, and decreased glomerular filtration rate; ③ mild hyperchloremic acidosis; ④ tumors. There are reports of 5 patients who developed breast cancer after long-term use of this drug and hydrochlorothiazide.

Contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia.

Precautions for children: Not yet clear. Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: Use with caution in pregnant and lactating women. Precautions for the elderly: Elderly people are more likely to develop hyperkalemia and excessive diuresis when taking the drug.

(1) Adrenocortical hormones, especially those with strong mineralocorticoid effects, and adrenocorticotropic hormone can weaken the diuretic effect of this drug and antagonize its potassium-retaining effect. (2) Estrogen can cause water and sodium retention, thereby weakening the diuretic effect of this drug. (3) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics, especially indomethacin, can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug, and increase renal toxicity when used in combination. (4) Sympathomimetic drugs reduce the antihypertensive effect of this drug. (5) Dopamine enhances the diuretic effect of this drug. (6) When used in combination with drugs that cause a decrease in blood pressure, both the diuretic and antihypertensive effects are enhanced. (7) When used in combination with the following drugs, the chance of hyperkalemia increases, such as potassium-containing drugs, stored blood (containing 30mmol/L of potassium, such as storage for more than 10 days containing up to 65mmol/L of potassium), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists and cyclosporine A. (8) When used in combination with glucose insulin solution, alkaline agent, and sodium-type potassium-lowering exchange resin, the chance of hyperkalemia is reduced. (9) This drug prolongs the half-life of digoxin. (10) When used in combination with ammonium chloride, metabolic acidosis is likely to occur. (11) When used in combination with nephrotoxic drugs, nephrotoxicity is increased. (12) Sodium carbenoxolone and licorice preparations have aldosterone-like effects and can reduce the diuretic effect of this drug.

Seal and store in a dry place.

20mg

30 months

JiangSu ChiaTai FengHai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

• Founded in:

  1980-01-05

• Address:

  No. 266, Nanxiang West Road, Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province

• Tax NO.:

  91320982134753235X

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  $296,073,773,500

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