Sulfadimethoxine Tablets

This product is a sulfonamide antibacterial drug with an antibacterial spectrum similar to sulfadiazine. It has antibacterial effects on non-enzyme-producing Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella and other Enterobacteriaceae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. However, in recent years, bacterial resistance to this product has increased, especially Streptococcus, Neisseria and Enterobacteriaceae. Sulfonamide drugs are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. They are similar in structure to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and can compete with PABA for dihydrofolate synthase in bacteria, thereby preventing PABA from synthesizing folic acid required by bacteria as a raw material and reducing the amount of metabolically active tetrahydrofolate, which is an essential substance for bacteria to synthesize purine, thymidine and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

Sulfadimethoxine

This product is white or slightly yellow tablets.

It is mainly used for mild infections caused by sensitive bacteria, such as acute simple lower urinary tract infection, acute otitis media and skin and soft tissue infections.

Adults: 2g for the first dose, 1g each time thereafter, 4 times a day. The dose is halved for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Children over 2 months old: 25mg/kg each time, 4 times a day, 50mg/kg for the first dose.

1 Allergic reactions are common. They may manifest as drug eruptions, and in severe cases, exudative erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, and bullous epidermolysis atrophic dermatitis may occur; there are also serum sickness-like reactions such as photosensitivity reactions, drug fever, joint and muscle pain, and fever. Anaphylactic shock is occasionally seen. 2 Neutropenia or deficiency, thrombocytopenia, and occasionally aplastic anemia. Patients may present with sore throat, fever, and bleeding tendency. 3 Hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinuria. This is prone to occur in patients who lack glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase after using sulfonamides, and is more common in newborns and children than in adults. 4 Hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal kernicterus. Because this product competes with bilirubin for protein binding sites, it can cause an increase in free bilirubin. Neonates have imperfect liver function, so they are more likely to develop hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal jaundice, and kernicterus may occasionally occur. 5 Liver damage. Jaundice and liver dysfunction may occur, and in severe cases, acute liver necrosis may occur. 6 Kidney damage. Crystalluria, hematuria, and tubular urine may occur; occasionally, patients may experience serious adverse reactions such as interstitial nephritis or renal tubular necrosis. 7 Nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, etc. Generally, the symptoms are mild and do not affect continued medication. Occasionally, patients develop Clostridium difficile enteritis, and the drug should be discontinued at this time. 8 Occasionally, thyroid enlargement and hypofunction occur. 9 Central nervous system toxicity may occasionally occur, manifested as mental confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, euphoria or depression, and the drug should be discontinued immediately if it occurs. Although serious adverse reactions caused by sulfonamides are rare, they can be fatal, such as exudative erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, epidermolysis bullosa atrophic dermatitis, fulminant liver necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood system abnormalities. Treatment should be closely monitored and the drug should be discontinued immediately if rash or other early signs of reaction occur.

1. Patients who are allergic to sulfonamides are contraindicated to use this product. 2. Since this product blocks the metabolism of folic acid and aggravates the folate deficiency in patients with megaloblastic anemia, patients with this disease are contraindicated to use this product. 3. Pregnant and lactating women are contraindicated to use this product. 4. Infants under 2 months old are contraindicated to use this product. 5. Patients with liver and kidney damage are contraindicated to use this product.

1. Combination with urine alkalinizing drugs can enhance the solubility of sulfonamides in alkaline urine and increase excretion. 2. Para-aminobenzoic acid can replace sulfonamides and be taken up by bacteria, antagonizing the antibacterial effect of sulfonamides. Therefore, the two should not be used together. 3. When the following drugs are used in combination with sulfonamides, the latter can replace the protein binding sites of these drugs or inhibit their metabolism, resulting in prolonged drug action or toxicity. Therefore, when these drugs are used in combination with sulfonamides or after the application of sulfonamides, their dosages need to be adjusted. Such drugs include oral anticoagulants, oral hypoglycemic drugs, methotrexate, phenytoin sodium and thiopental sodium. 4. When bone marrow suppressive drugs are used in combination with sulfonamides, the adverse reactions of such drugs to the hematopoietic system may be enhanced. If there is an indication for the combination of the two types of drugs, possible toxic reactions should be closely observed. 5. Contraceptives (estrogens), long-term use with sulfonamides can reduce the reliability of contraception and increase the chance of extramenstrual bleeding. 6. When thrombolytic drugs are used in combination with sulfonamides, their potential toxic effects may be increased. 7. The combined use of hepatotoxic drugs and sulfonamides may increase the incidence of hepatotoxicity. Liver function should be monitored for such patients, especially those who have been taking the drugs for a long time and have a history of liver disease. 8. The combined use of photosensitizing drugs and sulfonamides may cause additive photosensitization. 9. Patients receiving sulfonamide treatment have an increased need for vitamin K. 10. Hexamethylenetetramine can decompose in acidic urine to produce formaldehyde, which can form insoluble precipitates with sulfonamides. This increases the risk of crystalluria, so the two drugs should not be used together. 11. Sulfonamides can replace the plasma protein binding site of phenylbutazone, and when the two are used together, the effect of phenylbutazone can be enhanced. 12. When sulfinpyrazone is used together with sulfonamides, the latter can reduce the latter's secretion from the renal tubules, and its blood concentration increases and lasts for a long time, thus producing toxicity. Therefore, the dose of sulfonamides may need to be adjusted during or after the use of sulfinpyrazone. When the course of sulfinpyrazone treatment is long, the blood concentration of sulfonamides should be monitored to help adjust the dosage and ensure safe use of the drug.

Keep away from light and store in sealed container.

0.5g