CYNARA SCOLYMUS leaf exact 5% brown powder 30964-13-7 Senwayer

Obesity, the most prevalent metabolic disorder is associated with elevated body fat mass and body mass index. Cynara scolymus L. is famous for its hepatoprotective properties, also it seems to have good potency as anti-obese agent. In this review article, the potency of C. scolymus as anti-obese agent has been evaluated. The evidences based information were extracted from accessible international electronic databases (PubMed, Springer, Science Direct, Wiley and Google), and books (Persian or English), by key word of Cynara scolymus and artichoke plus obesity or the mechanism of anti-obese drugs.

(1). Applied in the food field, it has become a new raw material which used in food and beverage industry;

(2). Applied in the health product field;

(3). Applied in the pharmaceutical field.

1.Cholesterol Fighter

We all know the dangers of high cholesterol and the increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Since the 1970s, scientists have been testing cynarin in artichokes and cynara scolymus extract for their ability to reduce cholesterol levels. Cynarin in artichokes has been conclusively proven to reduce bad cholesterol dramatically.

In a 12-week, double-blind study, 75 patients received placebo or 1,280mg standardised artichoke leaf daily. At the end of the 12 weeks, the treated group recorded a modest reduction in total cholesterol of 4.2 per cent.

To further demonstrate the artichoke's heart-healthy powers, scientists set up a randomised, placebo-controlled study to examine the effect of artichoke leaf extract in patients with high cholesterol. All participants showed positive results.

Over six weeks, participants were split up, with half receiving artichoke extract and the rest a placebo. The patients receiving artichoke were shown to have an 18.5 per cent reduction in cholesterol level. Pretty impressive!

2.Digestive Health and IBS relief

The high concentration of cynarin in artichokes not only affects cholesterol, but can also improve digestive health. Cynarin is known to stimulate the production of bile, which enables us to digest fats and absorb vitamins from our food, making artichokes an excellent way to start any meal, especially if it is rich and high in fat, the way the French often do it.

Unlike Jerusalem artichokes, which are jokingly called 'fartichokes', studies have shown that cynara scolymus leaf extract can be very helpful for people suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and dyspepsia, or upset stomach. In a study at the University of Reading, England, 208 adults who suffered from IBS and dyspepsia were monitored over a two-month period of treatment with artichoke leaf extract.

Results showed a 26.4 per cent reduction in IBS incidence among the participants at the end of the trial. Many subjects also reported a return to normal bowel function instead of the "alternating constipation/diarrhoea" typical of IBS. Dyspepsia symptoms also fell by 41 per cent after treatment and, in general, the participants noted a 20 per cent increase in quality of life after treatment.

3.Liver Function and Fatty Foods

Bile produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder is what helps us digest fats and remove dangerous toxins. Cynarin in artichokes boosts bile production and is very beneficial to the health of your liver.

Artichokes also contain the flavonoid silymarin, which protects the liver. Silymarin reduces the process of lipid peroxidation from occurring in the cell membranes of the tissues of the liver, making the artichoke the ideal vegetable to help your liver function better. Especially when you over indulge in fatty barbecues, Christmas feasts and birthday dinners.

4.Cancer Prevention

There are many other powerful polyphenol-type antioxidants found in artichokes that researchers believe can contribute to the prevention and management of prostate cancer, breast cancer and leukaemia.

Studies have shown that the antioxidants rutin, quercetin and gallic acid found in cynara scolymus extract are able to induce apoptosis (cell death) and reduce the proliferation of cancer cells.

In research at Comenius University in Slovakia, artichoke leaf extract was studied for its ability to inhibit growth of leukaemia cells. Over a 24-hour period, leukaemia cells were treated with a variety of concentrations of artichoke leaf extract, with results suggesting that it slows down the reproduction of the leukaemia cells while inducing apoptosis of these cells as well.

In addition, researchers at the University of Georg-August in Germany have found that the many phytochemicals in artichokes help to block the secretion of cancer agents, thus inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.

The only major side effects to note are hunger, gas, and weakness. Some people may get an upset stomach or diarrhea. Artichoke might also cause allergic reactions in people who are allergic to marigolds, daisies, and other similar herbs.

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