Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 / Pal-GHK/Matrixyl 3000

Basic Information

Description

Physical Properties

• Appearance: White crystalline powder with slight hygroscopicity.
• Solubility:
  • Soluble in water (10–15 mg/mL) and polar solvents (e.g., ethanol, DMSO) .
  • Insoluble in non-polar solvents (e.g., chloroform) .
• Stability:
  • pH Sensitivity: Stable at neutral pH (6.5–7.5) but hydrolyzes in acidic conditions .
  • Thermal Stability: Melts at 195–198°C and decomposes above 218°C .
  • Storage: Requires refrigeration (2–8°C) under dry nitrogen to prevent oxidation .

Chemical Structure

1. Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 (Pal-GHK): Derived from collagen fragments, it mimics the skin’s natural wound-healing signals .
2. Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 (Pal-GQPR): Modulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting interleukin-6 (IL-6) production .

Key Data

• Purity:
  • Pharmaceutical Grade: ≥98% (HPLC) .
  • Cosmetic Grade: 98–99% .
• Optical Rotation:
  • Pal-GHK: \([\alpha]_D^{20} = -64.0° \pm 2.0°\) (3% aqueous solution) .
  • Pal-GQPR: \([\alpha]_D^{20} = +75°\) (3% aqueous solution) .
• UV Absorption: Maximum absorbance at 280 nm (hydroquinone moiety) .
• Melting Point: 195–198°C (Pal-GHK) .
• pH (3% Solution): 5.0–7.0 .

Functions

Core Biological Roles

1. Collagen Stimulation:
   • Pal-GHK activates TGF-β signaling in fibroblasts, increasing type I, III, and IV collagen synthesis by 350% in vitro .
   • Promotes extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins like fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans .
2. Anti-Inflammatory Activity:
   • Pal-GQPR reduces IL-6 production by 40–86% in UV-damaged cells, combating age-related inflammation .
   • Neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevents oxidative stress .
3. Skin Repair & Regeneration:
   • Accelerates wound healing by enhancing fibroblast migration and proliferation .
   • Restores dermal-epidermal junction integrity, improving skin elasticity .
4. Dual Anti-Aging Mechanism:
   • Short-Term: Smooths wrinkles by relaxing facial muscles (similar to Botox but non-toxic) .
   • Long-Term: Stimulates collagen remodeling for sustained firmness .

Applications

Cosmetics & Skincare

• Anti-Aging: Reduces fine lines, deep wrinkles, and crow’s feet (e.g., The Ordinary Matrixyl 10% + HA) .
• Firming & Tightening: Enhances skin density and elasticity in creams and serums .
• Post-Procedural Care: Accelerates recovery after laser treatments or micro-needling .