Carnosine

Crystalline
Solid
Carnosine is a dipeptide that is the N-(beta-alanyl) derivative of L-histidine. It has a role as an anticonvulsant, an antioxidant, an antineoplastic agent, a human metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a neuroprotective agent and a geroprotector. It is a conjugate acid of a carnosinate. It is a tautomer of a carnosine zwitterion.|Carnosine has been investigated for the treatment of Gulf War Illness.|Carnosine is a dipeptide comprised of a beta-alanine and a 3-methyl-L-histidine, which is found in dietary red meat, with potential antioxidant, metal-chelating and anti-glycation activities. Carnosine scavenges both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and unsaturated aldehydes produced by cell membrane lipid peroxidation. Additionally, this dipeptide may reduce the rate of formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE). Altogether, this may protect cells against oxidative damage. In addition, carnosine is able to chelate toxic metals.|A naturally occurring dipeptide neuropeptide found in muscles.
L-Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of β-alanine and L-histidine that has been found in rat olfactory bulb, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, and spleen tissues, as well as human skeletal muscle, and has diverse biological activities. It is a metal chelator that forms complexes with copper, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, or zinc. Dietary administration of L-carnosine (60 mg/kg per day) reduces plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic rats. It reduces brain edema, blood-brain barrier disruption, microglial activation, and neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage when administered at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg. L-Carnosine (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg, i.p.) reduces hepatic protein carbonylation and necrosis in a rat model of cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation. It also reduces lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and TNF-α and IL-6 levels, as well as alveolar hemorrhage, interstitial edema, and pulmonary leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury.
white to off-white crystalline.