Name | MOTS-c |
CAS number | 1627580-64-6 |
EINECS number | 200-001-8 |
Synonym | MOTS-c; L-Arginine,L-methionyl-L-arginyl-L-tryptophyl-L-glutaminyl-L-α-glutamyl-L-methionylglycyl-L-tyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-Chemicalbookphenylalanyl-L-tyrosyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-leucyl-; MOTS-C acetate; Cosmetic Peptide Mots-C; MOTS-c POWDER; MOTS-c peptide |
Description | MOTS-c, or mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c, is a 16-amino acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA. It was discovered in 2015 and has garnered attention for its potential role in metabolic regulation, particularly in relation to glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c is considered an important mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) that may have therapeutic implications for conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and age-related metabolic decline. |
Structure |  |
Molecular Formula | C101H152N28O22S2 |
Molecular Weight | 2174.62 g/mol |
Appearance | Solid powder |
Quality Standard | Enterprise Standard |
Assay | ≥98% |
Shipping Condition | Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs. |
Storage Condition | Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well ventilated place. |
Shelf Life | >2 years if stored properly |
Sample package | Aluminium foil bag |
Commercial package | Aluminium Tin, Fiber drum |
Origin | China |
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) that consists of 16 amino acids encoded by the short open reading frame (sORF) of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. It has been identified as a novel regulator with significant biological functions, particularly in metabolic regulation, muscle homeostasis, and aging processes.
Mechanism of Action
MOTS-c functions through several mechanisms:
Regulation of Glucose Metabolism: It enhances glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, which is crucial for maintaining energy homeostasis. This effect is largely mediated through the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which plays a significant role in cellular energy regulation.
Mast Cell Stabilization: MOTS-c stabilizes mast cells and regulates the expression of nuclear genes involved in metabolism, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress.
Exercise Mimetic: The peptide is upregulated in response to physical exercise, suggesting it mimics some of the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism and muscle function.
Applications
Diabetes Management: Its ability to improve insulin sensitivity makes it a candidate for treating type 2 diabetes.
Obesity Treatment: By enhancing glucose metabolism and promoting fat oxidation, MOTS-c could be beneficial in managing obesity.
Aging Research: Studies suggest that MOTS-c may help counteract age-related declines in metabolic function and physical capacity.
Routes of Administration
MOTS-c is typically administered through:
Injectable Formulations: Often marketed for research purposes rather than clinical use.
Safety and Side Effects
Common Side Effects
While research on MOTS-c is still ongoing, some reported side effects include:
Increased heart rate or palpitations
Injection site irritation
Mild fever
Insomnia
Serious Side Effects
Serious adverse effects have not been extensively documented due to the limited clinical use of MOTS-c. However, potential risks associated with its use include:
Allergic reactions
Unknown long-term effects due to lack of comprehensive clinical trials
Precautions
MOTS-c is not approved for medical use and should be approached with caution. There are no established guidelines for its therapeutic application, and it is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as of 2024.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption and Distribution
As a peptide, MOTS-c is likely absorbed rapidly when injected. However, detailed pharmacokinetic data regarding its distribution and metabolism in humans are limited.
Metabolism and Excretion
Research on the metabolic pathways for MOTS-c is still evolving. Given its peptide nature, it may be broken down by proteolytic enzymes in the body.
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