1. Description
Yunzhi extract was extracted from the fruiting body of the fungus Coriolus versicolor (L. exFranch.) Quel. Rich in proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, polysaccharide peptides, glucans, lignin, amino acids, and various inorganic salts, as well as proteases, peroxidases, amylases, laccase enzymes, and leather enzymes. It has the effects of anti-tumor, analgesia, treatment of chronic hepatitis B, lowering blood lipid and anti atherosclerosis, anti-oxidation, anti-aging, qi invigorating and detoxification, and in vitro antimicrobial activity.
2. Application
Yunzhi contains abundant substances such as protein, fat, polysaccharides, polysaccharide peptides, glucans, lignin, amino acids, and various inorganic salts, as well as various enzymes such as protease, peroxidase, amylase, laccase, and leather enzyme.
1. Steroid substances: Currently, five steroid compounds have been isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, namely ergosterol-7,22-dien-3 β - palmitate, ergosterol-7,22-dien-3 β - ol, ergosterol-7-en-3 β, 5 α, 6 β - triol, ergosterol-7,22-dien-3 β, 5 α, 6 β - triol, and ergosterol peroxide.
2. Triterpenes: Betulinic acid, a terpenoid compound, was isolated from Ganoderma lucidum.
3. Organic acids: Currently, six types of organic acids have been isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, namely 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-furanic acid, niacin, and oxalic acid.
4. Alkaloids: Alkaloids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum: 2-cyanoethyl formamide.
5. Glucitol: Yunzhi contains 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl, 2,4,6-trichloroethylene O-methyl, 2, Chemicalbook3, 4-Trichloroethylene O-methyl, 2,3,6-trichloroethylene O-methyl, 2,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonamide O-methyl, and 2,3-dichlorobenzenesulfonamide O-methyl-D-glucitol are six small molecule substances.
6. Proteins: Yunzhi contains 8 types of protein compounds, including oxalate decarboxylase, hemoglobin, extracellular peroxidase, laccase, polyphenol oxidase, lignin peroxidase, polygalacturonase, and superoxide dismutase.
7. Esters: 1,2,3-trioleate glycerides were isolated from Ganoderma lucidum.
8. Glycopeptides: Yunzhi glycopeptide is a fungal polysaccharide containing peptides, and its polysaccharide portion can be hydrolyzed into five monosaccharides: galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, and arabinose; Its polypeptide is mainly composed of 18 amino acids such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, etc. Yunzhi glycopeptide is a glucan composed of α (1 → 4) and β (1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. The monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of Yunzhi glycopeptide are n (glucose): n (D-mannose): n (galactose): n (xylose)=1: 0.0074:0.0067-0.0178, and it contains 15% protein.
3. Main Efficacy
1. Reducing the transaminase Yunzhi polysaccharide can effectively restore the liver cell damage caused by CD4 induced toxic hepatitis in mice, including glycogen reduction and high alanine aminotransferase.
2. Improving the immune function of the body. Yunzhi polysaccharides can enhance the phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages and have an antagonistic effect on cyclophosphamide induced splenic atrophy. Yunzhi polysaccharides and filtrate polysaccharides can reduce thymus size and increase spleen weight.
3. The anti atherosclerotic effect experiment proved that Polysaccharide of Coriolus versicolor could effectively inhibit the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaque.
4. Yunzhi polysaccharide can improve the learning and memory function of mice and rats. Yunzhi polysaccharide can enhance the hypnotic effect of pentobarbital, and Yunzhi polysaccharide peptide also has a certain sedative effect, which can inhibit the pain response of mice, but the effect is slow and the duration is long.
5. Other effects: Yunzhi glycopeptide has analgesic effects; Yunzhi polysaccharides can effectively eliminate free radicals, induce the synthesis of SOD and GSH, reduce NOS activity and NO content, enhance the body's antioxidant capacity, reduce MDA content, and stabilize the integrity of mitochondrial membrane structure, which has a protective effect on experimental liver injury; Yunzhi polysaccharides have antioxidant activity; Yunzhi polysaccharides have anti-aging effects, and their mechanism of action is related to improving the body's immune response and enhancing the clearance of lipid peroxides; Yunzhi polysaccharide has no antibacterial effect on four types of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At a concentration of 1%, Yunzhi polysaccharide has a certain antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
