Humanin is a mitochondrial-derived 24-residue peptide with the commonly supplied human reference sequence MAPRGFSCLLLLTSEIDLPVKRRA. Its reference molecular formula is C119H204N34O32S2 and its molecular weight is approximately 2687.27 g/mol. Humanin was first identified in cell-survival research and is now widely investigated in cellular stress resistance, mitochondrial communication, metabolism, neurobiology, and aging-related signaling.

Humanin is a high-value research peptide for studying mitochondrial-derived peptides and communication between organelles, cells, and tissues. The 24-residue Humanin sequence should be distinguished from analogs such as HNG and from alternative translation products. The material is supplied for laboratory research and analytical use only, with identity and quality confirmed by lot-specific documentation.

Mechanism of Action

Humanin is studied through both intracellular and extracellular mechanisms. Intracellular research focuses on mitochondrial integrity, stress-induced cell-death pathways, protein interactions, and cellular survival signaling. Extracellular studies examine receptor-complex signaling and downstream pathways linked with stress adaptation, metabolism, and inflammatory communication.

Because Humanin can influence several connected processes, strong study design uses multiple endpoints to separate direct signaling from secondary changes in cell condition. Comparisons with sequence-modified analogs, receptor-pathway controls, and stress-specific models can help clarify which responses depend on peptide sequence, cellular context, or exposure time.

Research Value

Humanin is one of the best-known mitochondrial-derived peptides and provides a valuable link between mitochondrial genetics, peptide signaling, and whole-cell stress responses. It supports research into how mitochondria communicate beyond energy production and how short mitochondrial signals may influence cellular resilience and metabolic coordination.

Humanin offers broad application potential across neurobiology, cardiometabolic research, aging models, and peptide-biomarker studies. Its recognized sequence and extensive scientific interest also support analog development, assay optimization, and comparative evaluation of mitochondrial-derived peptide families.

Core Research Applications

Cell-survival and stress-resistance research. Used to examine viability, mitochondrial integrity, stress signaling, and cell-death pathways.

Neurobiology models. Suitable for studies of neuronal stress, proteotoxic conditions, mitochondrial quality, and survival-related signaling.

Metabolic and cardiometabolic research. Supports investigation of cellular energy regulation, insulin-related pathways, and tissue stress responses.

Aging and mitochondrial communication. Used to explore age-associated changes in mitochondrial-derived signaling and cellular resilience.

Analog and biomarker research. Suitable for comparing Humanin analogs, sequence variants, receptor pathways, and measurement methods.

Product Advantages

Defined 24-residue human reference sequence with strong recognition in mitochondrial peptide research.

Broad relevance across cellular stress, neurobiology, metabolism, aging, and inter-organelle signaling.

Research-grade purity options with lot-specific HPLC and mass-analysis support.

Flexible pack sizes for cell studies, assay development, analog comparison, and repeated research programs.

Professional long-peptide synthesis, batch traceability, and custom analog services.