Fluopicolide

383.58

383.58

607-285-6

6TRO75M67P

DTXSID7034624

Beige solid

2933399024

42

3.26 (pH 7.8, 22 deg C)

1.65 g/cu cm

150 °C

432.1±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

215.1±28.7 °C

1.562

In water, 2.86 mg/L at pH 4; 2.80 mg/L at pH 7; 2.80 mg/L at pH 9 (20 deg C)

Safe Storage of Pesticides. Always store pesticides in their original containers, complete with labels that list ingredients, directions for use, and first aid steps in case of accidental poisoning. Never store pesticides in cabinets with or near food, animal feed, or medical supplies. Do not store pesticides in places where flooding is possible or in places where they might spill or leak into wells, drains, ground water, or surface water. /Residential users/

8.03X10-7 Pa /SRC: 6.023X10-9 mm Hg/ at 25 deg C

No particular odor

pH 6.5 at 22 °C

Henry's Law constant = 1.10X10-9 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

UN30779/PG3

50/53

60-61

N

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

P273

H400

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

|Warning|H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]|P273, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 128 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

Eye/face protection: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Choose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount of dangerous substances, and to the specific work-place.|Respiratory protection: Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.|Precautions for safe handling: Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.|Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

In an eye irritation study ..., four New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to 0.1 mL of fluopicolide (purity 97.7%; ...) instilled into the conjunctival sac of one eye only on day 1. Ocular reactions were assessed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hr and 7 days after treatment. In a preliminary screen conducted with one of the four rabbits, the eye was rinsed 30 seconds after instillation. The treated eye of each of the other three rabbits was not rinsed. The single instillation of fluopicolide into the eye of the screen rabbit, followed by rinsing, provoked slight conjunctival irritation observed 1 hr after instillation, but not at the next observation time, 24 hr. The single instillations of fluopicolide into one eye of each of the three main test rabbits, not followed by rinsing, elicited slight conjunctival irritation in all rabbits from 1 hr after instillation. The ocular reactions resolved in all instances within 2 days after instillation. Fluopicolide was transiently slightly irritating to the rabbit eye.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Fluopicolide is a beige solid used as a fungicide. HUMAN STUDIES: In primary human lymphocyte culture treated with fluopicolide no treatment-related increase in chromosomal aberrations was evident with or without activation. ANIMAL STUDIES: Fluopicolide was slightly irritating to the rabbit eye. Fluopicolide was not irritating to rabbit skin. Fluopicolide was not a skin sensitizer in a guinea-pig Magnusson and Kligman test. Fluopicolide has moderate toxicity with no deaths noted in male or female rats at doses of > 2000 mg/kg when given orally, and > 4000 mg/kg dermally. Rats were exposed (nose only) for 4 hr to a dust aerosol of fluopicolide at a concentration of 5.16 mg/L. The rats were observed for 14 days after exposure, then killed and autopsied. There was no mortality during the exposure and observation period. Common observations noted both during and after exposure included wet fur, hunched posture, piloerection and increased respiratory rate. Weight gain was markedly decreased in male and female rats in a subchronic study at doses of 1668 mg/kg/day and 1673 mg/kg/day), respectively. Male and female rats also experienced reduced body weight gain in a subchronic neurotoxicity study at doses of 780.6 and 125.2 mg/kg/day, respectively. There was no effect on weight gain in dogs or mice in subchronic studies. Besides effects on body weight and body weight gain, no definitive cross-species target organ was identified in subchronic studies with fluopicolide. As in the subchronic studies, the main effect in the chronic studies was a decrease in body weight gain with no definitive cross-species target organ identified. No evidence for carcinogenicity was seen in rats administered fluopicolide in food for 24 months. No evidence of neurotoxicity was seen in acute or subchronic oral rat neurotoxicity studies with fluopicolide. In developmental studies in rats and rabbits, at the same dose affecting the dam, 700 mg/kg in rats and 60 mg/kg in rabbits, fetal growth was affected in both species and observed as decreases in body weight and crown-rump length. Also, at 700 mg/kg, delays in fetal ossification and increased incidence of skeletal malformations were observed in rat fetuses, with neither of these effects seen in rabbit fetuses. No external or visceral abnormalities were observed in either species. Reproductive performance was not affected in a two-generation reproduction toxicity study in which fluopicolide was administered to male and female rats. In Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA treated with fluopicolide there was no increase in the incidence of reverse mutations. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Fluopicolide is highly toxic to estuarine/marine fish and is highly toxic to moderately toxic to freshwater fish. Bobwhite quail and mallard duck chronic reproduction toxicity studies demonstrated significant reductions in multiple reproductive endpoints at the highest treatment level (1020 mg a.i./kg diet), including viable embryos (14%), live embryos (15%), number hatched (22%), the ratios of number hatched to eggs laid (20%) and to eggs set (18%), hatchling survival (21%), and the proportion of survivors to eggs set (18%).

LC50 Rat inhalation >/= 3.195 mg/L/4 hr /Formulation SC61/|LC50 Rat inhalation >/= 1.789 mg/L/4 hr /Formulation SC40/|LC50 Rat inhalation >/= 5.16 mg/L/4 hr /Technical 98.3%/|LD50 Rat dermal >/= 4,000 mg/kg /Formulation SC61/|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ The bobwhite quail and mallard duck chronic reproduction toxicity studies resulted in NOAEC and LOAEC values of 162 and 404 mg a.i./kg diet, respectively. In the bobwhite quail study, there was a treatment-related effect on hatchling body weights (8%) and the proportion of hatchling survivors to number hatched (5%) at the 404 mg ai/kg diet level. These same effects were observed at 1020 mg/kg diet. No other treatment-related effects were observed on any adult or offspring. ... In the mallard duck study, the most sensitive endpoints were the proportion of eggs set to eggs laid and eggshell thickness. The proportion of eggs set to those laid was adversely affected (2-3%) at the 404 mg ai/kg diet level and eggshell thickness was adversely affected (5%) at the 404 mg ai/kg diet treatment level. While these effects were slight (<5%), they are correlated (i.e., thinner shells can reduce clutch size), so they cannot be dismissed. There were significant reductions in multiple reproductive endpoints at the highest treatment level (1020 mg a.i./kg diet), including viable embryos (14%), live embryos (15%), number hatched (22%), the ratios of number hatched to eggs laid (20%) and to eggs set (18%), hatchling survival (21%), and the proportion of survivors to eggs set (18%). No treatment-related effects on any adult parameter were observed.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The 33-day chronic toxicity of fluopicolide to the early life stage of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) resulted in an EC50 >294 ug a.i./L. The NOAEC and LOAEC values were 151 and 294 ug a.i./L, respectively, based on length of surviving fish at study termination. On day 33 (28 days post-hatch), fish survival was statistically-reduced (NOAEC = 294 ug a.i./L). No treatment-related effect on hatching success was observed at any test level; however, based upon visual inspection of the data, a treatment-related delay on time to hatch was observed at the 569 ug a.i./L level (where only 42% hatch occurred by day 5, compared to 100% in the negative control group). There was also a marked increased in the number of organisms appearing smaller, weak or lethargic, swimming erratically, exhibiting a loss of equilibrium, or lying on the bottom at the 569 ug a.i./L treatment level.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Five 96-hr acute static fish toxicity studies were submitted using parent fluopicolide with LC50 values ranging from 0.35 to 1.7 mg a.i./L indicating that fluopicolide is highly toxic to moderately toxic to freshwater fish. The NOAEC values were based on mortality and sub-lethal effects including lethargy, loss of equilibrium, lying on bottom of vessel, ceased swimming and erratic swimming. The bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) study resulted in LC50 and NOAEC values of 0.72 and 0.54 mg a.i/L, respectively. The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) study resulted LC50 and NOAEC values of 0.35 and 0.15 mg a.i/L, respectively. The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) study resulted LC50 and NOAEC values of 1.3 and 0.25 mg a.i/L, respectively. The medaka or Japanese killifish, Oryzias latipes, a very small ricefish, resulted LC50 and NOAEC values of 0.67 and 0.42 mg a.i./L, respectively. The zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio) study resulted LC50 and NOAEC values of 1.7 and 0.96 mg a.i./L, respectively.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The 21-day chronic toxicity of fluopicolide to Daphnia magna was studied under static renewal conditions. The LC50 for mortality was >0.75 mg a.i./L. The NOAEC based on reduced reproduction, the only endpoint affected, was 0.19 mg a.i./L. The mean number of live offspring produced per parent per reproductive day was statistically-reduced. No treatment-related effects on mortality, time to first brood release, or growth (length or dry weight) were observed.|For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Fluopicolide's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its use as a fungicide(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 83-373(2), indicate that fluopicolide is expected to have moderate to high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of fluopicolide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6.0X10-9 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 2.8 mg/L(3). Fluopicolide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Fluopicolide persists in soil with a half-life range of 380-440 days, degrading slowly via aerobic biodegradation(2). The half-life for fluopicolide in soil was reported as 271 days(4), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). The degradation rate of fluopicolide in soil was 4.4X10-8/s based on calculations using a chemical pollution footprint methodology(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 83-373(2), indicate that fluopicolide is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.0X10-9 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 2.8 mg/L(4). Fluopicolide is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in water(2). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 66(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.26(4) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Fluopicolide biodegrades aerobically very slowly in water with reported half-lives of 1500-3600 days(2), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC). The half-life for fluopicolide in water/sediment was reported as 777 days(7). Degradation rates of fluopicolide in water and sediment were 8.8X10-8/s and 9.8X10-9/s, respectively, based on calculations using a chemical pollution footprint methodology(8).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), fluopicolide, which has a vapor pressure of 6.0X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase fluopicolide may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Fluopicolide does not photodegrade under environment conditions(2).

Fluopicolide does not hydrolyze or photodegrade in the environment(1).

An estimated BCF of 66 was calculated in fish for fluopicolide(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.26(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate.

Koc values of 83-373 have been reported for fluopicolide(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this Koc range suggests that fluopicolide is expected to have high to moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for fluopicolide is estimated as 1.1X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6.0X10-9 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 2.8 mg/L(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that fluopicolide is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Fluopicolide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

SURFACE WATER: Fluopicolide was detected (detection limit 0.0039 ppb) in 3 of 442 surface water samples collected 2014-2016 from five states (California, Kansas, Maryland, Pennsylvania, South Carolina) at 0.2-2.0 ppb, all three samples were from the same location in California and collected in 2015(1).|SURFACE WATER: Fluopicolide concentrations were measured in samples collected Mar-Aug 2015 from five streams representing different catchment areas of Switzerland(1).[Table#7695]

Fluopicolide was detected at 0.04-0.12 mg/kg in Chinese Cabbage, it was not detected (detection limit 0.44 ug/kg) in cucumber(1).

Occupational exposure to fluopicolide may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where fluopicolide is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to fluopicolide via ingestion of food, and dermal contact with produce containing residual fluopicolide. (SRC)

One or two Sprague Dawley rats/sex/group were dosed with 25 or 500 mg/kg of (14)C AE-C638206-benzene (/fluopicolide-benzene/ specific activity: 144uCi/mg, radiochemical purity: >99%) or 25 mg/kg of (14)C AE-C638206- pyridine (/fluopicolide-pyridine/, specific activity: 159 uCi/mg, radiochemical purity: >99%) orally by gavage. Unlabeled AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide/ batch no. CDB234167-2, purity: 99.5%) was used to adjust the specific activity of the dosing preparations. The position of radiolabeling on the molecule or the sex of the animal did not particularly affect the recovery profile of the radiolabel. The primary route of excretion of the radiolabeled material was in the feces (76 to 85% of the administered dose at 25 mg/kg, approximately 89% of the administered dose at 500 mg/kg). Eight to 12% of the radiolabel was recovered from the urine at 25 mg/kg and 5 to 6% in the 500 mg/kg treatment group. Radiolabeled carbon dioxide represented between 0.01 and 0.06% of the administered dose. Less than 0.4% of the administered dose was recovered from the tissues at 7 days postdose. The liver and kidneys had the highest concentrations of radiolabel. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for the two 25 mg/kg treatment groups. The Tmax values ranged from 6 to 12 hours post-dose with the maximal blood concentrations ranging from 0.95 to 2.03 ug/g of blood. Clearance from the blood ranged from 9 to 11.5 g/min. Analysis of the metabolites in the urine and feces revealed cleavage of the amide linkage and the presence of glycine, sulfate, methylmercaptan and glucuronide conjugates. The percentage of each metabolite recovered was not quantified.|Five Sprague-Dawley rats/sex were dosed orally daily by gavage with a dose of 9.73 mg/kg/day of (Phenyl-U-(14)C) AEC638206 (/fluopicolide/, radiopurity: >98.3%, specific activity: 59.5 mCi/mmole) for 14 days. Unlabeled AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide/, purity: 99.3%) was used to adjust the specific activity of the dosing preparations. Urine, feces and cage washing were collected daily during the dosing regimen and for 6 days post-final dose. At this time, the animals were euthanized and the tissues were assayed for the presence of radiolabel compound. Urine and feces samples collected at various time points during the dosing regimen were pooled and metabolites of the parent compound were isolated and identified. The primary pathway of excretion was via the feces. For the males and females, 79 and 72%, respectively, of the administered dose was recovered in the feces. Another 15 and 21%, respectively, of the administered dose was recovered in the urine. At 6 days post-final dose, less than 0.5% of the total administered dose was recovered from the tissues. At that time, the liver, kidneys and cardiac blood had the highest concentrations of radiolabel. Among the identified metabolites, hydroxylation of the phenyl ring alone or in conjunction with sulfation were the predominant alterations which were observed. The presence of methyl sulphide adducts alone or bound with glycine were noted on the phenyl ring as well. Glucuronide moieties associated with the hydroxylated phenyl ring were also isolated. The percentage of the administered dose which was recovered as the parent compound in the feces for the time period of sample collection constituted 43.4 and 54.9% for the males and females, respectively.|Four Sprague-Dawley rats/sex/group were dosed orally by gavage with 9.61 or 76.5 mg/kg of Phenyl-U-(14)C AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide/, radiopurity: >98.3%, specific activity: 59.5 mCi/mmole). Unlabeled AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide/, purity: 99.3%) was used to adjust the specific activity of the dosing preparations. Urine and feces were collected up to 7 days post-dose. The residual radioactivity in the tissues was measured at the time the animals were euthanized. The feces were the primary path of excretion with 82 to 83% of the administered dose recovered in the feces at the lower dose and 87 to 88% at the higher dose. The recovery in the urine was 10 to 13% and 5 to 7% of the administered dose, respectively. At the lower dose, 85 and 94% of the administered dose was excreted within the first 48 hours postdose by the males and females, respectively. At the higher dose, 90 and 93% of the administered dose was excreted within the first 48 hours by the males and females, respectively. The adrenal, liver and kidneys were the three organs with the highest concentration of radiolabel.|Four Sprague-Dawley rats/sex/group were dosed orally by gavage with 10 or 100 mg/kg of (Phenyl-U-(14)C) AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide/, radiopurity: 99.1%, specific activity: 58.05 mCi/mmole). In the 10 mg/kg treatment group, 4 animals/sex were euthanized at 8 hours, 4 males at 24 hours, 4 females at 30 hours, 4 males at 36 hours, 4 females at 48 hours, 4 males at 72 hours, and 4 females at 120 hours. At the 100 mg/kg treatment level, 4 animals/sex were euthanized at 8 hours, 4 males at 24 hours, 4 females at 30 hours, 4 animals/sex at 48 hours, 4 males at 72 hours, and 4 females at 120 hours. Specified tissues and organs were recovered and the radioactivity in those tissues and organs was determined. Extracts of liver were analyzed by HPLC-mass spectroscopy in order to identify metabolites. Peak tissue levels were observed at 8 hours post-dose for both treatment levels. No sexual difference in the distribution of the radiolabel among the tissues was apparent. The adrenal, liver and kidneys were the three organs with the highest concentration of radiolabel over the course of the study. The concentration of radiolabel in fat was initially higher than these other tissues, but diminished more rapidly. The concentration of radiolabel in the intestinal tract demonstrated the progressive movement of the test material through the digestive tract. The percentage of administered dose absorbed into the tissues was proportionately less at the higher dose level. The concentration of radiolabel in the various tissues at 168 hours post-dose had decreased to less than 5% of the level observed at 8 hours post-dose. A total of 13 moieties were isolated from the liver extracts and represented between <0.01% and 0.20% of the administered dose. Hydroxylation and sulfation of the benzyl ring were identified as metabolic pathways.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Following a single oral administration of (phenyl-U-(14)C)-fluopicolide, up to 33 different radioactive fractions were observed in the urine from male rats, and up to 42 fractions were found in female rat urine. Very few of these metabolites exceeded 1% of the dose. The highest single fraction was found in female rat urine and represented 1.534% of the dose. This was a thiomethyl derivative that was also conjugated with sulfate after hydroxylation of the phenyl ring. In feces, up to 11 components were found in males and females, but there was a single large contributor that represented about 80% of the dose; this was unchanged fluopicolide.|In metabolic studies of fluopicolide in excreta of rats, up to 46 radioactive components were found in the urine and up to 14 radioactive components were found in the feces of males and females, taken together. Important reactions were hydroxylation of the phenyl ring in two positions, which could then be conjugated to form glucuronides or sulfates; and substitution of the chlorine atom on the phenyl ring by glutathione (catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase), followed by degradation to the cysteine conjugate. These conjugates could then be cleaved via beta-elimination by cysteine conjugate beta-lyases, leaving a resulting thiol that could serve as the methyl acceptor-a mechanism known as the thiomethyl shunt. The resulting S-methyl group could then be oxidized to provide sulfone and sulfoxide structures. In contrast to these multiple reactions of the phenyl moiety, the pyridyl structure appeared to be metabolically stable. Scission of fluopicolide resulted in the formation of M-01 and M-02. The former was further metabolized in a manner similar to the phenyl ring of intact fluopicolide, whereas the latter remained intact and appeared to undergo only conjugation reactions at the newly formed carboxylic group.|Five Sprague-Dawley rats/sex were dosed orally daily by gavage with a dose of 9.73 mg/kg/day of (Phenyl-U-(14)C) AEC638206 (/fluopicolide/, radiopurity: >98.3%, specific activity: 59.5 mCi/mmole) for 14 days. Unlabeled AE-C638206 (/fluopicolide, purity: 99.3%) was used to adjust the specific activity of the dosing preparations. Urine, feces and cage washing were collected daily during the dosing regimen and for 6 days post-final dose. At this time, the animals were euthanized and the tissues were assayed for the presence of radiolabel compound. ... Among the identified metabolites, hydroxylation of the phenyl ring alone or in conjunction with sulfation were the predominant alterations which were observed. The presence of methyl sulphide adducts alone or bound with glycine were noted on the phenyl ring as well. Glucuronide moieties associated with the hydroxylated phenyl ring were also isolated. The percentage of the administered dose which was recovered as the parent compound in the feces for the time period of sample collection constituted 43.4 and 54.9% for the males and females, respectively.|One or two Sprague Dawley rats/sex/group were dosed with 25 or 500 mg/kg of (14)C AE-C638206-benzene (/fluopicolide/, specific activity: 144uCi/mg, radiochemical purity: >99%) or 25 mg/kg of (14)C AE-C638206- pyridine (/fluopicolide/, specific activity: 159 uCi/mg, radiochemical purity: >99%) orally by gavage. ... Analysis of the metabolites in the urine and feces revealed cleavage of the amide linkage and the presence of glycine, sulfate, methylmercaptan and glucuronide conjugates.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/GENOTOXICITY/ Primary human lymphocyte cultures, procured from the whole blood of male volunteers (stimulated with phytohemagglutinin for 48 hours), were treated with concentrations of AE C638206 (/fluopicolide; purity: 95.9%) ranging from 4.88 to 625 ug/mL for 3 hours, followed by a recovery period of 18 hours of incubation under conditions of both nonactivation and activation in Trial No. 1. In Trial No. 2, the cells were treated with concentrations of the test material ranging from 1.22 to 625 ug/mL for 21 hours (nonactivation) or with 4.88 to 625 ug/mL of the test material for 3 hours, followed by a recovery period of 18 hours prior to being harvested (activation). An Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver S9 fraction was used to metabolize the test material. No treatment-related increase in chromosomal aberrations was evident under conditions either conditions of nonactivation or activation. The positive controls were functional.

2,6-dichloro-N-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)methyl)benzamide

Fluopicolide Technical (Valent USA, LLC): Active ingredient: fluopicolide 98.8%.|V-10161 4 SC Fungicide (Valent USA, LLC): Active ingredient: fluopicolide 39.5%.|V-10161 VPP Fungicide (Valent USA, LLC): Active ingredient: fluopicolide 39.5%.|V-10162 Premix (Valent USA, LLC): Active ingredient: fluopicolide 5.54% and propamocarb hydrochloride 55.4%.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for Fluopicolide (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Adequate enforcement methodology (liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS) enforcement method RM-43C-2) is available to enforce the tolerance expression. Enforcement methodology (LC/MS/MS Method, Methods 00782, 00782/M001, 00782/M002, and 00782/ M003) is available to adequately enforce the tolerance expression for BAM /2,6-dichlorobenzamide/.

Agrochemicals -> Fungicides|Fungicides|Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Fluopicolide has known environmental transformation products that include 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and 4-N-[3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl-(hydroxyl)methyl]-2,6-dichlorobenzamide.|Fluopicolide has known environmental transformation products that include 3-sulfo-5-trifluoromethyl pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, AE 06080000, AE 1344122, AE 1344123, AE 1388273, AE C653711, AE C657188, Fluopicolid M-11/12, Fluopicolid M-11/12b, Fluopicolid M-13, and Fluopicolid M-13 Hydroxy group isomer.