Iron sorbitex

427.11646

427.018

Brown colloidal solution

262

1.17-1.19 at 20 deg C

pH = 7.2-7.9

Stable in serum.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for iron (Fe+2): Concentration process: Biological treatment. /Iron (Fe+2)/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|All ... /iron/ preparations should be kept in child-proof bottles. /Iron preparations/

If inhaled, iron is a local irritant to the lung and gastrointestinal tract. /Iron compounds/

Serious reactions are more probable when the patient is simultaneously taking oral iron, since the serum-binding protein, transferrin, may be close to saturation.

LD50 Mouse oral 1370 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse sc 140 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse iv 174 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse im 918 mg/kg

...There is concern that the individual with metabolic defects that impair the ability to regulate iron absorption will be at risk from excessive exposure to iron, primarily as a result of acceleration of accumulation of iron in the body and an earlier onset of clinical symptoms of the disease. /Iron salts/

MEDICATION (VET): A complex of iron, citric acid and sorbitol stabilized with dextrin. Use: im prophylaxis of baby pig anemias indicated it to be inferior to iron dextrans based on Fe blood and tissue levels.|...A total number of 60 pregnant women with the gestational age of 12-34 weeks were included in the study who were suffering from iron deficiency anemia. They were divided in 3 groups (A, B and C). Group A (n=15) received iv iron sucrose according to recommended dose containing 500 mg of iron sucrose for storage, in group B (n=20) iron sucrose was administered according to deficit calculated as per formula but 200 mg of iron was given for storage instead of 500 mg, to reduce cost. While group C received intra muscular iron Sorbitol in the dose used as practice. RESULTS: Mean hemoglobin in group A and B was 8.0 +/- 1.1 g/dL and 8.9 +/- 0.7 respectively, in group C, it was 8.8 +/- 0.9 g/dL. In group A & B initial hemoglobin was assessed 3 weeks post therapy which showed an average rise of 2.8 g/dL (group A) and 1.9 g/dL (group B) and second assessment of Hemoglobin was done prior to delivery (ave: 6.6 weeks) showed a total rise of 3.8 g/dL (group A) and 2.4 g/dL (group B). Pre delivery mean Hemoglobin in group A and B was 11.8 g/dL and 11.3 g/dL respectively. In group C, the Hemoglobin was assessed only prior to delivery (average: 8.4 weeks from the start of therapy), and a rise of 1.4 g/dL was observed with pre delivery mean Hemoglobin of 10.2 g/dL. Target hemoglobin levels i.e. 11 g/dL were achieved by 80% in Group A, 70% in Group B and 28% in Group C by the time of delivery. Blood transfusion was not required in any group. In group A and B one patient had moderate abdominal pain, 2 had weakness and shivering and 3 had phlebitis at the site where intravenous canula was retained. None of patient discontinued the therapy due to any adverse effect. In group C majority complained of pain at injection site while 5 patients dropped out from the study due to intolerance.|...Young BALB/CJ mice, from 5-23 days of age, and adult (60-100 days old) mice, some of which were iron deficient due to a low iron diet from the time of weaning, were given iron sc (iron sorbitol, Fe+3, 1.2 mg iron/100g bw/injection). Iron was given as one single dose and the animals killed 20-24 hr later. Control mice were similarly treated with saline. In young mice, from the age 10 days to weaning at 20 days, the serum immunoreactive erythroprotien level, measured 20-24 hr after a single sc dose of iron, was 5 times greater than that in control mice (P<0.0001). In contrast, there was no change in serum immunoreactive erythroprotien 20-24 hr after a single sc dose of iron in adult mice, whether iron-deficient anemic or normal. Thus, during the "early anemia" in young mice over 10 days old, iron increased serum immunoreactive erythroprotien levels, whereas it had no such effect in iron-deficient and normal adult mice.|/Iron sorbitol-citric acid complex/ ... is a parenteral form of medication (for IM injection) used in iron deficiency anemia in humans.

The preparation... does not produce hemolysis /and/ affects coagulation only at very high concentrations.|Determinations of hemoglobin concentration should be conducted periodically during... therapy...and administration of drug should be discontinued when hemoglobin concentration reaches a normal level, even if calculated dosage has not been given.|Iron sorbitex should not be administered to patients with low unsaturated iron binding capacities.|Drug is not currently recommended for use in infants or children.|For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for IRON SORBITOL CITRATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Iron sorbitol is absorbed directly into the bloodstream as well as via the lymphatic system. Sixty-six percent of the intramuscular injection is absorbed within 3 hours.|Iron sorbitex appears to be absorbed directly into the blood stream as well as through the lymphatic system. In man, serum iron content rises rapidly, reaching a peak about 2 hr after im administration; the iron is rapidly cleared from the serum, and bone marrow uptake occurs within 24-48 hr.|Following im injection of 1.4-2.0 mL (59)Fe-labelled iron sorbitol-citric acid complex containing 70-100 mg iron to 12 human patients with iron deficiency anemia or sideropenia ... disappearance of radioactivity from injection site /occurred, no significant amount/...detected at 10 hr after injection. 33% of dose was excreted in urine and <1% in feces.|30% of the iron excreted in urine in 24 hours.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for IRON SORBITOL CITRATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Iron and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with lactated Ringer's /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Iron and related compounds/|Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Treat shock caused by hemorrhagic gastrointestinitis aggressively with intravenous crystalloid fluids, and replace blood if needed. Patients are often markedly hypovolemic owing to gastrointestinal losses and third spacing of fluids into the intestinal wall and interstitial space. Treat coma, seizures, and metabolic acidosis if they occur. For seriously intoxicated victims (eg, shock, severe acidosis, and/or serum iron > 500-600 mcg/dL) administer deferoxamine. Monitor the urine for the urine for the characteristic orange or pink deferoxamine-iron complex. Therapy may be stopped when the urine returns to normal or when the serum iron level decreases to the normal range. Prolonged deferoxamine has been associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome and Yersinia sepsis.|Activated charcoal is not effective. Ipecac is not recommended, because it can aggravate iron-induced gastrointestinal irritation and interfere with whole bowel irrigation. Consider gastric lavage if product was a liquid formulation or tablets were chewed. Do-not use phosphate-containing solutions for lavage; these may result in life-threatening hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. Bicarbonate and deferoxamine lavage are of doubtful efficacy. Deferoxamine lavage is not effective and may enhance iron absorption. Whole-bowel irrigation is very effective for ingested tablets and may be considered first-line treatment, especially if large numbers of tablets are visible on plain abdominal x-ray. Massive ingestions may lead to concretions or bezoars. Repeated or prolonged whole-bowel irrigation may remove tablets. Endoscopy or surgical gastrotomy is rarely required.|Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are not effective for removing iron but may be necessary to remove iron-deferoxamine complex in patients with renal failure. Exchange transfusion is occasionally used for massive pediatric ingestions but is of questionable efficacy.

/CASE REPORTS/ To evaluate the evidence for iron compounds as local carcinogens in man, histological material and clinical reports were reviewed in 7 of the 8 published cases of tumors developing at the site of IM injections. Compounds used were iron dextran and Jectofer (iron sorbitex). The microscopic appearances suggested benign lesions in 2 cases and a variety of tumors in the other 5. In only 2 cases (a rhabdomyosarcoma and a fibrosarcoma), was the interval between injections and tumor development longer than 6 yr. Of the remaining 3 tumors, one was considered to be a rather slowly growing hemangiopericytoma (with an interval of 2 yr), one appeared to be a SC lymphoma with no evidence of having arisen in the gluteal muscles, and one was a pleomorphic sarcoma with a possible interval. Sarcomas induced experimentally by iron compounds differ in being less variable in type and in containing abundant iron containing macrophages, which were negligible in these humans tumors.|/CASE REPORTS/ Intramuscular injection of iron sorbitex for iron deficiency anemia in 3 patients with malabsorption problems led to severe reactions. Toxic effects of free iron may be increased in patients with malabsorption problems. One anaphylactic and one toxic reaction led to 2 deaths while another toxic reaction led to a second degree atrioventricular block after intramuscular injections of iron sorbitex.|/CASE REPORTS/ At the onset of disturbances of cardiac rhythm after a 7th injection of iron sorbitol to a patient with severe malabsorption syndrome an extremely low level of alpha-tocopherol in serum, 0.04 mg/100 mL serum, was observed. The clinical manifestations are interpreted as a possible consequence of the depletion of the vitamin, a natural scavenger of free radicals.

citric acid -iron -sorbitol

Contains 50 mg +/- 2 mg/mL elemental iron.|Preparation is hypertonic.|Constituents: A complex of ferric iron, sorbitol and citric acid, stabilized with dextrin and sorbitol containing 5% (wt/vol) of iron.

Method: AOAC 977.30; Procedure: spectrophotometric method; Analyte: iron sorbitex; Matrix: drugs; Detection Limit: not provided.