C.I. Pigment Green 21

229.51042

1013.21173

Emerald green, crystalline powder

293.38000

-3.01780

>1.1(20ºC)

insoluble H2O, decomposed by prolonged heating; unstable in acids [MER06]

IN GENERAL, MATERIALS WHICH ARE TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMP INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS ... SHOULD BE STORED IN A COOL, WELL-VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF DIRECT RAYS OF THE SUN, AWAY FROM AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD, & SHOULD BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED ... INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED FROM EACH OTHER.|Protect container against physical damage. Store in well ventilated area away from food or food products and combustible materials. /Inorganic arsenic cmpd/

LD50 orally in female rats: 100 mg/kg (Gaines)

ODORLESS

Decomposes on prolonged heating in water; unstable in acid, base and toward hydrogen sulfide.

II

6.1(a)

1585

STABLE TO AIR, LIGHT

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D004, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater + Pure Compound; Results of Study: 5ppm @ 4gpm @ pH= 7.0. Iron system-90% reduction; low lime system-80% reduction; high lime system-76% reduction; (3 coagulant systems were used; Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 @ pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO @ pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO @ pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration). /Arsenic cmpd/|Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Full Scale Continuous Flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater; Results of Study: Effluent character (ppb): 2.5, 56% reduction with lime; 3.3, 24% reduction with lime; (lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide @ pH= 11.3). /Arsenic cmpd/

UNSTABLE IN ACIDS, BASES, & TOWARD HYDROGEN SULFIDE|... WHEN WATER SOLN OF ARSENICALS ARE IN CONTACT WITH ACTIVE METALS SUCH AS ARSENIC, IRON, ALUMINUM, ZINC, ... HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF ARSENIC /INCLUDING ARSINE ARE RELEASED/. /ARSENIC CMPD/|Strong oxidizers, bromide azide [Note: Hydrogen gas can react with inorganic arsenic to form the highly toxic gas arsine.] /Arsenic (inorganic compounds, as As)/

Not flammable.

Extinguish fire, using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.|Personnel protection: ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.|If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, liquid, NOS/|If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, solid, NOS/|Personnel protection: ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Arsenical cmpd, solid, NOS/

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.|Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.|Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.|Floors and other accessible surfaces contaminated with inorganic arsenic may not be cleaned by the use of compressed air, and shoveling and brushing may be used only where vacuuming or other relevant methods have been tried and found not to be effective. /Inorganic arsenic compounds/

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for PARIS GREEN (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Copper acetoarsenite/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. /Copper acetoarsenite/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at lease 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. /Copper acetoarsenite/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Copper acetoarsenite/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for PARIS GREEN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

DUST CAUSES EYE IRRITATION.|Trivalent arsenic compounds are corrosive to the skin. /Trivalent arsenic cmpd/|ARSENICAL DUSTS ... ARE IRRITATING TO UPPER RESP TRACT & EYES. CONJUNCTIVITIS PRODUCED BY ... THESE SUBSTANCES ARE CHARACTERIZED BY ITCHING, BURNING, & WATERING OF EYES. ... /INORGANIC ARSENIC DUSTS/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Copper dusts and mists (as Cu)/|8 hr Time-Weighted avg: 10 ug/cu m./Arsenic, inorganic cmpd (as As)/|Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-Hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.5 mg/cu m. /Arsenic, organic cmpd (as As)/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Copper (dusts and mists)/|5 mg/cu m (as As); NIOSH considers arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Ceiling Limit: (0.002 mg/cu m). /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration. /Arsenic (inorganic compounds, as As)/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Paris green is included on this list.|(a) The owner or operator of an existing glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 2.5 Mg (2.7 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|(b) The owner or operator of a new or modified glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 0.4 Mg (0.44 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|The owner or operator of each copper converter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall reduce inorganic arsenic emissions to the atmosphere by meeting the following design, equipment, work practice, and operational requirements: (1) Install, operate, and maintain a secondary hood system on each copper converter. Each secondary hood system shall consist of a hood enclosure, air curtain fan(s), exhaust system fan(s), and ductwork that conveys the captured emission to a control device ... (2) Optimize the capture of secondary inorganic arsenic emission by operating the copper converter and secondary hood systems at all times ... . /Inorganic arsenic/|For more Atmospheric Standards (Complete) data for PARIS GREEN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

D004; A waste containing arsenic may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Arsenic/

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Cupric acetoarsenite is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered for and has a particle size less than 100 microns; or is handled in solution or in molten form; or meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .|Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Chronic arsenical poisoning due to ingestion is rare and generally confined to patients taking prescribed medications. /Arsenic and arsenic compounds/

PARIS GREEN DECOMPOSES READILY IN PRESENCE OF WATER & CARBON DIOXIDE TO GIVE PHYTOTOXIC WATER SOLUBLE ARSENICAL CMPD.

... ABSORBED INTO BODY FROM INDUSTRIAL EXPOSURE CHIEFLY BY INHALATION & INGESTION.

MEDICATION (VET): ANTHELMINTIC

FOLLOWING IV INORG ARSENIC, METABOLITE DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID APPEARED RAPIDLY /DOG/ IN ERYTHROCYTES, THEN PLASMA. WITHIN 6 HR MOST ARSENIC REMAINING WAS DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID. BOTH INORG ARSENIC & DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID RAPIDLY EXCRETED IN URINE.

Usually contains some water

A highly characteristic dermatitis confined to the scrotum, inguinal area, and nasolabial folds may follow moderate occupational exposure to paris green. The lesions begin with erythema, frequently become eczematous and weeping, & may start to heal with ... black scab. A sensitization reaction may be involved ... In less acute cases, hyperkeratosis, hyperhidrosis, or melanosis may occur. ... The hyperpigmentation is most marked on surfaces exposed to light. ... There may be a speckled depigmentation of pigmented areas giving the so called raindrop appearance.|Sixty four workers in a malaria control unit sprayed Baytex, Temephos (both organic thiophosphates), and paris green in oil for 5-6 hr per day without use of protective clothing, face masks, or gloves. Fourteen members of the group, aged 24-42 yr with exposure in the range 1-8 yr, had macular involvement. Symptoms incl visual impairment, dislike of bright light, night blindness, black dots in front of the eyes, and blurring of vision. Visual acuity was reduced in 9 subjects. Macular degeneration was characterized by areas of perifoveal depigmentation, dull foveal reflex, and bilaterial lesions.|TOXICITY PRIMARILY RESULT OF ARSENIC CONTENT.|It is toxic by inhalation (dust) & by ingestion.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PARIS GREEN (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Paris green

By the late nineteenth century, U.S. farmers were using /paris green/ to control insect pests in field crops, but results were often unsatisfactory because of the primitive chemistry and application methods.

WETTABLE POWDER- 90% ACTIVE; GRANULAR- 5% ACTIVE /FORMER/|Product /paris green/ now standardized; specifications usually require content of at least 55% arsenious oxide, 20% cupric oxide and 10% acetic acid approximating the formula. /Former use/

ESP SIGNIFICANT MILESTONE /IN HISTORY OF PESTICIDES/ INCLUDES DEVELOPMENT OF PARIS GREEN IN 1865 FOR CONTROL OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE /LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA/|AN ARSENICAL WHICH, WITH LONDON PURPLE WAS AMONG FIRST STOMACH POISONS TO COME INTO GENERAL USE FOR APPLICATION TO PLANTS. IT CONTAINS CONSIDERABLE SOLUBLE ARSENIC & IS QUICK-ACTING BECAUSE IT IS READILY SOLUBLE IN DIGESTIVE TRACT & BECAUSE OF HIGH ARSENIC CONTENT. IT IS FORMULATED IN POISON BAITS FOR CUTWORMS, GRASSHOPPERS, & ARMYWORMS TO KILL CERTAIN OTHER CHEWING INSECTS. NOW LARGELY SUPERCEDED BY ORGANIC INSECTICIDES.|Artificial aging of art works by dry or humid heat, light, UV, sulfur dioxide action, or combinations thereof leads to degradation which begins on the outer surface of the fiber. Artificial aging by dry or moist heat caused cellulose oxidation which was proven by formation of carbonyl and carbon-carbon bonds which failed to occur in genuine samples. The only green pigment which failed to alter cellulose upon thermal aging was Schweinfurt green which has been used only from the beginning of the 19th century and may be identified by pigment analysis combining scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersion X-ray examination.|SUBSTANCE OF COMPLEX COMPOSITION, HAVING AN ARSENIC TRIOXIDE EQUIVALENT OF ABOUT 59%.