1,2-Diethylhydrazine

88.15 g/mol

88.15

216-567-4

I7C5I1IVDF

3077|3293

DTXSID1043754

COLORLESS LIQUID

24.1 Ų

0.797 g/cm³ @ Temp: 26 °C

85.5 °C

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4204 AT 20 °C

The hydrochloride is soluble in water and ethanol and slightly sol in acetone /1,2-Diethylhydrazine hydrochloride/|>10% in ethanol|>10% in ethyl ether|>10% in benzene|>10% in chloroform|Very soluble in benzene, ether, and ethanol.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

pKa= 7.71 (conjugate acid)

FREE BASE IS HIGHLY REACTIVE & OXIDIZES READILY

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Azo, Diazo, Azido, Hydrazine, and Azide Compounds

Strong Reducing Agent

1,2-DIETHYL- HYDRAZINE is a chemical base and a reducing agent. Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. Incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas fired type, in which a first stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": HEPA (high efficiency particulate arrestor) filters ... can be disposed of by incineration. For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator. ... LIQUID WASTE: ... Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ... ensure complete combustion. SOLID WASTE: Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes ... should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 1,2-DIETHYLHYDRAZINE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

IN PRESENCE OF TRACE AMT OF HEAVY METAL IONS, CMPD IS RAPIDLY DEHYDROGENATED TO AZOETHANE

USEPA; Health & Environmental Effects Profile for 1,2-Diethylhydrazine (1988)|LUNN G ET AL; ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL 17 (4): 240-3 (1983). CATALYTIC REDUCTIVE DESTRUCTION OF HYDRAZINES AS AN APPROACH TO WASTE HAZARD CONTROL IS DISCUSSED. /HYDRAZINES/|Toth B; Teratogenic hydrazines: a review; In Vivo 7 (1): 101-10 (1993). The review summarizes the results of 30 hydrazines, which were studied in humans and in six animal species for teratogenic activities.|Poso A et al; J An empirical and theoretical study on mechanisms of mutagenic activity of hydrazine compounds; Mutat Research 332 (l-2): 63-71 (1995). Hydrazine compounds are important industrial and laboratory chemicals. Many of them are carcinogenic in animal tests.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state. (ERG, 2016)

|Danger|H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P264, P270, P281, P301+P310, P308+P313, P321, P330, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 38 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]|P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, and P501|Warning

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Do not scatter spilled material with high-pressure water streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire-control water for later disposal. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust. SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area. SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one piece & close fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one piece & close fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Vertical laminar flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures ... provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak tight. Horizontal laminar flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used ... Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used ... should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to it, giving date of test & avg air flow measured. This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 1,2-DIETHYLHYDRAZINE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

U086; A toxic waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

U086; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when N,N'-diethylhydrazine, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

Symmetrical 1,2-diethylhydrazine has not been reported to occur as such in nature.

1,2-Diethylhydrazine's limited production and use as a research chemical(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released to soil, 1,2-diethylhydrazine may be subject to rapid dehydrogenation to azoethane; this reaction is catalyzed by the presence of small amounts of heavy metal ions (i.e. copper(2+)(1). Based on a recommended classification scheme(2), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(3), indicates that 1,2-diethylhydrazine will have high mobility in soil(SRC). Hydrazines are weak bases and should exist predominantly in their protenated forms at pH values below their pKa value(9). A positive charge on the hydrazine could either increase or decrease the adsorption capacity of this compound depending on the soil and the pH(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-diethylhydrazine should not be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.2X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The potential for volatilization of 1,2-diethylhydrazine from dry soils may exist(SRC) based on the estimated vapor pressure of this compound(5,SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine may also photolyze on soil surfaces(SRC) since hydrazines which strongly absorb UV light in the environmentally significant range (wavelengths greater than 290 nm)(6-8).|AQUATIC FATE: If released to water, 1,2-diethylhydrazine may be subject to rapid dehydrogenation to azoethane; this reaction is catalyzed by the presence of small amounts of heavy metal ions (i.e. copper(2+)(1). Based on a recommended classification scheme(2), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(3), indicates that 1,2-diethylhydrazine should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine is not expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.2X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 1(1,SRC), from an estimated log Kow(6,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine may also photolyze upon exposure to sunlight since hydrazines strongly absorb UV light in the environmentally significant range (wavelengths greater than 290 nm)(7-9).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-diethylhydrazine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 69 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-diethylhydrazine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 3 hours(3,SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine may undergo direct photolysis(SRC) as hydrazines contain chromophores which strongly absorb UV light in the environmentally significant range (wavelengths greater than 290 nm)(4-6).

In the presence of trace amounts of heavy metal ions (i.e. Cu+2), which act as catalysts, 1,2-diethylhydrazine is rapidly dehydrogenated in aerobic solutions to azoethane(1,SRC). Hydrazines contain chromophores which strongly absorb UV light in the environmentally significant range (wavelengths greater than 290 nm)(2-4), suggesting that 1,2-diethylhydrazine may be susceptible to photolysis when exposed to sunlight(SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-diethylhydrazine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.4X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(5,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(5,SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 1 was calculated for 1,2-diethylhydrazine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.45(1,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

15.14 L/kg|Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1,2-diethylhydrazine can be estimated to be about 80(SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-diethylhydrazine has high mobility in soil(SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine is a weak base (pKa 7.71(3)) and should exist predominantly in its protonated form at pH values below its pKa value. A positive charge on the hydrazine could either increase or decrease the adsorption capacity of this compound depending on the soil and the pH(SRC). Thus, it is uncertain whether the estimated Koc value would be a reliable indicator of the mobility of this compound(SRC).

At the air-water interface, 1,2-diethylhydrazine will be present predominantly as azoethane with which it is in rapid redox equilibrium(1,SRC). By analogy to the fate of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine, it is assumed that this reaction is easily reversible and does not, in itself, result in destruction of the compound but may serve as a mechanism for removal via degradation and transport of azoethane(2,SRC). The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-diethylhydrazine is estimated as 1.2X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(3). This value indicates that 1,2-diethylhydrazine will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(4,SRC). 1,2-Diethylhydrazine's Henry's Law constant(3,SRC) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces should not occur(SRC). The estimated vapor pressure of 1,2-diethylhydrazine at 25 °C is 69 mm Hg(5,SRC), and therefore the potential for volatilization from dry soils may exist(SRC).

Radioactivity was detected in the urine and bile of rats following sc injection of 21 mg/kg 1,2-di(3)H-ethylhydrazine. Peak concentrations occurred 6 hours postinjection, which was the maximum sampling time after administration.|To elucidate the role of p53 in colon tumorigenesis in mice, we examined allele loss and mutational alteration of the p53 gene in colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in Fl hybrid mice. Intragenic polymorphism of the p53 gene among parental strains enabled us to assess allele loss of the p53 gene and also to determine parental origin of mutated and/or lost alleles. Allele loss was detected in two of 163 tumors heterozygous for the p53 gene. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of p53 exons 5-8 revealed 33 mutations in 20 of 182 colon tumors, the incidence being lower than that in human colon cancers. The majority of these mutations were of transition type: G:A transitions at nonCpG sites were most prevalent, while those at CpG sites were less common. Distribution of the mutations along p53 amino acid sequence revealed a difference in the location of 'hot spots' between mice and humans. Incidence of p53 alterations did not differ among alleles of different parental origins, suggesting that genetic changes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced mouse colon tumors had occurred independently of parental origin and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine susceptibility. Detailed analysis of p53 mutations on each allele revealed intratumoral heterogenelty in mouse colon tumors. The low incidence of p53 mutations and rare allele loss suggest that p53 alteration plays only a minor role in colon tumorigenesis in mice.

Chemical teratogens that require metabolism or bioactivation to electrophilic reactants include ... 1,2-diethylhydrazine. ... Most frequently it is the liver that produces a variety of electrophilic reactants that, like the alkylating agents, covalently bind to macromolecules.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Inhalation of material may be harmful. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Inhalation of Asbestos dust may have a damaging effect on the lungs. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Some liquids produce vapors that may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)|Carcinogens

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. (ERG, 2016)

Specific treatment for exposure consists of thorough washing of all exposed skin areas with soap and water, copious irrigation of the eyes, and prompt removal of the patient from the source of exposure. /Hydrazines/|After inhalation, observation for progressive respiratory distress is necessary. Chest X-ray and arterial blood gases should be monitored. Administration of oxygen, intubation, and assisted ventilation may become necessary. Pneumonia and bronchitis need to be excluded. /Hydrazines/|If ingestion has occurred, gastric lavage or emesis should be followed by administration of activated charcoal and catharsis. Emesis is most effective if it is initiated within 30 minutes of ingestion. /Hydrazines/|Pyridoxine may be antidotal. The suggested dose is 25 mg per kg with half of this dose given intramuscularly and two-thirds given IV over 3 hours. Seizures should be controlled with diazepam, phenytoin, or phenobarbital. Blood sugar levels should be monitored for severe hypoglycemia, which may appear with or without preceding significant hyperglycemia. The patient should be observed for evidence of intravascular hemolysis, methemoglobinemia, and consequent deterioration of renal function. Patients who are symptomatic or who demonstrate a methemoglobin level greater than 30 per cent should be treated with methylene blue 1 to 2 mg per kg slowly IV every 4 hours as needed. Improvement is dramatic if diagnosis is correct. Liver function should be monitored because hydrazines are known hepatotoxins. /Hydrazines/|Elimination is enhanced by forced diuresis and acidification of the urine. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis should be effective, but insufficient human data exist on the use of these modalities. Treatment is otherwise symptomatic and supportive. /Hydrazines/

1,2-diethylhydrazine

No known commercial uses for 1,2-diethylhydrazine, although it has been evaluated experimentally as a high-energy rocket fuel.|1,2-Diethylhydrazine may be produced during the thermic decomposition of ethylamine.

Oxidation of 1,2-dialkylhydrazines with mercury(II) sulfate in aqueous sulfuric acid splits off one alkyl group as acetaldehyde, which is released and can be determined quantitatively. The lower detection limit is 0.1-0.2 uM (Preussmann et al., 1968).

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens