Uranyl nitrate

396.05 g/mol

396.03190 g/mol

233-266-3

2981

DTXSID2037136

Yellow, rhombic crystals|Yellow crystals

166 Ų

281 g/cm³

60.2 °C

118 °C

Soluble in mineral acids, alkalis, oxalates; solubility: 8 g/1 L H2O at 14 °C /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|Yellow crystals; slightly soluble in alcohol /Dihydrate/|Soluble in water and oxygenated solvents

Yellow crystals; greenish luster by reflected light; when shaken, rubbed, or crushed, crystals show remarkable triboluminescence with occasional detonations; aq solution is acid /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|When dissolved in water a weak solution of nitric acid is formed; water solutions are acidic and can corrode metals. /Hexahydrate/|Yellow orthorhombic cyrstals, hygroscopic; melting point: 60 °C; decomposes at 118 °C; density: 2.81 g/cu cm; solubility: 127 g/100 g water at 25 °C; soluble in ethanol, ether /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|Strong oxidizer. /Hexahydrate/|Heat of formation: -3187.8 kJ/mole /Dihydrate/|Odorless /Hexahydrate/|Green-yellow fluorescence /uranyl ion/|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Disposal of ... wastes /containing uranium/ should follow guidelines set forth by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. /Uranium & cmpd/

In a study of hypergolic ignition of ethylene glycol by oxidants, ... uranyl nitrate /caused ignition on contact/ at 100 °C.|The analytical use of cellulose fiber to absorb uranyl nitrate solution prior to ignition has led to explosions during ignition, owing to formation of cellulose nitrate.|During routine operations to reduce the /uranyl nitrate/ hexahydrate to uranium trioxide, an excessive amt of org soln entered the denitrator pots & ignited. /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|Solutions of uranium nitrate in ether should not be allowed to stand in sunlight as explosion may occur. /Uranyl nitrate hexahyrate/|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

DHHS/ATSDR; Toxicological Profile for Uranium (1999)|Wrenn M et al; The Potential Toxicity of Uranium in Water (1987)

|Danger|H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 4 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. (Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.) /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Not flammable ... /Uranium nitrate hexahydrate/|Severe fire ... risk when shocked or heated. /Hexahydrate/

A powerful explosive ...|Severe ... explosion risk when shocked or heated. /Hexahydrate/

Avoid skin contact and breathing dusts.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 162: RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (LOW TO MODERATE LEVEL RADIATION)/ Health: Radiation presents minimal risk to transport workers, emergency response personnel and the public during transportation accidents. Packaging durability increases as potential hazard of radioactive content increases. Undamaged packages are safe. Contents of damaged packages may cause higher external radiation exposure, or both external and internal radiation exposure if contents are released. Low radiation hazard when material is inside container. If material is released from package or bulk container, hazard will vary from low to moderate. Level of hazard will depend on the type and amount of radioactivity, the kind of material it is in, and/or the surfaces it is on. Some material may be released from packages during accidents of moderate severity but risks to people are not great. Released radioactive materials or contaminated objects usually will be visible if packaging fails. Some exclusive use shipments of bulk and packaged materials will not have "RADIOACTIVE" labels. Placards, markings and shipping papers provide identification. Some packages may have a "RADIOACTIVE" label and a second hazard label. The second hazard is usually greater than the radiation hazard; so follow this GUIDE as well as the response GUIDE for the second hazard class label. Some radioactive materials cannot be detected by commonly available instruments. Runoff from control of cargo fire may cause low-level pollution. /Uranium nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, solid/|/GUIDE 162: RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (LOW TO MODERATE LEVEL RADIATION)/ Fire or Explosion: Some of these materials may burn, but most do not ignite readily. ... /Uranium nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, solid/|/GUIDE 162: RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (LOW TO MODERATE LEVEL RADIATION)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . Priorities for rescue, life-saving, first aid, fire control and other hazards are higher than the priority for measuring radiation levels. Radiation Authority must be notified of accident conditions. Radiation Authority is usually responsible for decisions about radiological consequences and closure of emergencies. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 25 meters (75 feet) in all directions. Stay upwind. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Detain or isolate uninjured persons or equipment suspected to be contaminated; delay decontamination and cleanup until instructions are received from Radiation Authority. /Uranium nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, solid/|/GUIDE 162: RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (LOW TO MODERATE LEVEL RADIATION)/ Protective Clothing: Positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide adequate protection. /Uranium nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, hexahydrate, solution; Uranyl nitrate, solid/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Dust: Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat. Solid: Irritating to skin and eyes. /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|Soluble compounds of uranium as dust or mist are respiratory irritants. ... /Soluble uranium compounds (as uranium)/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

NIOSH considers uranium (soluble compounds, as U) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

The effect of uranyl nitrate induced acute renal failure on the brain uptake of DL-propranolol was investigated in rats with a series of tissue sampling single carotid injection techniques. When the buffer soln was used as an injection soln, the brain uptake index, the extn ratio, and the blood-brain barrier permeability surface area product and for the unbound fraction in uremic rats were significantly lower than those in control rats. These parameters for DL-propranolol were decr significantly in both control and uremic rats receiving injection of the uremic serum. These and other results suggest that (1) the decr in the corresponding permeability surface area product value for DL-propranolol in uremic rats may be attributed mainly to the presence of an endogenous inhibitory substance(s) for the brain uptake or to the decr in the exchangeable fraction in vivo in the uremic serum; (2) the decr in the corresponding permeability surface area product value for DL-propranolol may also be partly attributed to the change in the blood-brain barrier permeability and/or surface area; (3) the inhibitor for the brain uptake may be characterized as a temp sensitive and nonfiltrable substance(s) at physiological pH; and (4) the ability of protein-mediated transport for DL-propranolol into brain was decr in uremic rats.

LD50 Rabbit ip 0.1 mg/kg. /From table/|LD50 Rat male ip 2 mg/kg. /From table/|LD50 Rat young male (50-100 g): 305 mg uranium/kg/24 hr; adult male (150-300 g): 204 mg uranium/kg/24 hr; adult female (150-300 g): 135 mg uranium/kg/24 hr; old male (300-400 g): 128 mg uranium/kg/24 hr. /From table/|LD50 Rat young male (50-100 g): 2.0 mg uranium/kg/14-21 days; young female (50-100 g): 1.0 mg uranium/kg/14-21 days; adult male (150-300 g): 2.5 mg uranium/kg/14-21 days; adult female (150-300 g): 1.0 mg uranium/kg/14-21 days. /From table/

Populations susceptible to uranium toxicosis would include people with impaired renal function. People with stomach ulcers are thought to have elevated absorption of some toxic metals and might be unusually susceptible to uranium toxicity.|Humans who excrete acidic urine may be more sensitive to uranium-induced kidney injury.

Inhalation of fume, dust, or gas, ingestion, skin & eye contact. The following uranium salts are reported to be capable of penetrating intact skin: uranyl nitrate, UO2(NO3)2.6H2O; uranyl fluoride, UO2F2; uranium pentachloride, UCl5; uranium trioxide (uranyl oxide) ... uranium hexafluoride, UF6.|The following uranium salts are reported to be capable of penetrating intact skin: uranyl nitrate, uranyl fluoride, uranium pentachloride, uranium trioxide and uranium hexafluoride(1).

Poorly absorbed by mouth.|... /Uranyl nitrate is/ reported to be capable of penetrating intact skin. ...|Classification of uranium compounds according to transportability in the body: uranyl nitrate is highly transportable. /From table/|Distribution of uranium injected as uranyl nitrate in 5 terminal brain cancer patients: (% of dose) Bone: 10.0% in 2.5 days, 4.9% in 18 days, 1.4% in 74 days, 0.6% in 139 days, and 1.3% in 566 days. In kidney: 16.6% in 2.5 days, 7.2% in 18 days, 0.7% in 74 days, 1.2% in 139 days, and 0.4% in 566 days. Muscle: 1.2% in 2.5 days, 2.1% in 18 days, 0.9% in 74 days, 0.3% in 139 days, and 0.06% in 566 days. In liver: 1.8% in 2.5 days, 1.1% in 18 days, 0.2% in 74 days, 0.2% in 139 days, and 0.05% in 566 days. Blood vol: 1.0% in 2.5 days, 0.2% in 18 days, 0.005% in 74 days, 0.002% in 139 days, and 0.004% in 566 days. Urine (accumulated %): 61% in 2.5 days, 63% in 18 days, 92% in 74 days, 84% in 139 days, and 98% in 566 days. Fecal excretion negligible. /From table/|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The biologic half times of soluble uranium compounds (e.g., uranium hexafluoride, uranyl fluoride, uranium tetrachloride, uranyl nitrate hexahydrate) are estimated in days or weeks. Those of the less soluble compounds (e.g., uranium tetrafluoride, uranium dioxide, triuranium octaoxide) are estimated in years. /Soluble uranium compounds/

In studies in dogs ... uranium as uranyl nitrate ... produced a 74% inhibition of renal calcium ATPase and an 84% inhibition of renal magnesium ATPase at concn of 3X10-5 M, respectively. ... /It was postulated that/ uranium dioxide may compete with ATP for binding sites on the calcium and magnesium ATPase and that this may be a factor in its renal toxicity.|Approximately 60% of uranium absorbed into the blood is transported in the form of a bicarbonate complex, and 40% is bound to plasma proteins. The uranyl-bicarbonate complex is filtered out of the blood by the renal glomerulus and is passed into the tubules. The pH of urine decreases in the tubules, resulting in dissociation of the complex and release of the reactive uranyl ion. Nephrotoxicity results primarily from damage to the tubular epithelium, which allows leakage of glucose, protein, aminoacids, and enzymes into the urine. In high doses (more than 6 mg uranium/kg), glomerular damage may also occur, causing decreased renal blood flow and a decreased glomerular filtration rate. The kidney responds to toxic levels of uranium within 24-48 hr after exposure. The changes become progressively more severe over approximately a 5 day period. The damaged tubular epithelium regenerates quickly as the uranium concentration is reduced. /Soluble uranium compounds/|Compared to other heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, and mercury ... uranium's nephrotoxic effect is less intense. Although the nephrotoxicity of uranium is attributed primarily to its metallotoxicity (chemical toxicity), some authors have discussed that renal damage from exposure to high-LET alpha-emitting heavy metals, like uranium, is derived from combined chemical and radiotoxic effect. /Uranium NOS/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... Perform routine emergency care for associated injuries. For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously during transport ... Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a good gag reflex, and does not drool ... Perform routine BLS care as necessary. /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Scution if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat as necessary ... For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... Do not u se emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the pateint can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... /NItrates, nitrites, and related compounds|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... Start an IV with lactated Ringer's to support vital signs. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... Perform routine advanced life support care as needed. Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiarc rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A 25 yr old man who "enjoyed avg health" was subjected to a 2 mo treatment with increasing doses of uranyl nitrate solution. The calculated amt of uranyl nitrate received by the patient initially was 0.6 mg increasing to 4, 8, 10, 13, 14, 35, and 64 mg at weekly intervals. This works out to a total intake 148.6 mg in 56 days or a calculated avg dose of 0.038 mg uranyl nitrate per kg/day assuming 70 kg body wt. During the 8 wk treatment period, the pt experienced flatulence, and soft stools. His urine was acidic, and urinary vol, chloride, and phosphates were incr. No sugar was detected in several samples of his urine tested during treatment.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A human volunteer ingested 1 g uranyl nitrate hexahydrate in 200 ml of water (about 470 mg uranium or 6.71 mg uranium/kg for a 70 kg man) and experienced violent vomiting, diarrhea, and slight albuminuria. In the first seven days he excreted 2.5 mg uranium in his urine which represents an excretion of less than 1% of the ingested dose. Proteinuria was absent on the third day of posttreatment. /Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate/|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The toxicity of uranium(6+) in man following iv administration has been determined in 5 terminal patients with brain tumors given uranyl nitrate in doses of ... 0.17 and 0.23 mg/kg. The 3 patients receiving the largest doses showed elevation of urinary catalase and albumin. Other evidences of renal toxicity were appearance of casts in urine and elevation of nonprotein nitrogen. There was suggestive evidence of the loss of renal capacity for sodium and chloride reabsorption and potassium secretion.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ In experiments with single iv injections of uranium nitrate to volunteers or terminally ill patient, between 70-100 ug/kg body weight produced proteinuria and increased catalase excretion.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for URANYL NITRATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Grades of Purity: analytical reagent /Hexahydrate/|/Available in/ high purity grades.|Available as the hexahydrate

Uranium, bis(nitrato-.kappa.O)dioxo-, (T-4)-: ACTIVE|Derivatives: uranium hexafluoride|Uranium is a chemical hazard as well as a radiological hazard.