1,2-Dibromopropane

201.889

201.89

201-139-1

1993

Colorless liquid

29033036

0

2.43 (est)

1,2-dibromopropane is a colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992)

1.9245 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-55.2 °C

141.9 °C

Flash point: <-75 deg C

1.511

H2O: slightly soluble ;soluble in ethanol, ether, and chloroform; slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride.

Flammables area

7.84 mm Hg at 25 deg C

7 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)

Henry's Law constant = 1.46X10-3 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 4.33X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as 1,2-DIBROMOPROPANE, are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Materials in this group may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they may be incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. This compound is considered nonflammable. (NTP, 1992)

42.43 kJ/mol at 25 °C

Critical temperature = 371 °C; critical pressure = 3.07X10+4 mm Hg

III

3

UN 1993 3/PG 3

3

R10;R20/21/22;R36/37/38

S23-S24/25-S36/37/39-S26-S16

TX8574000

Xn:Harmful;

Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, magnesium.

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P330, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501

H226-H302 + H332

This compound is considered non-flammable. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H226 (91.67%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 48 companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS: Permeation data indicate that butyl rubber gloves may provide protection to contact with this compound. Butyl rubber over latex gloves is recommended. However, if this chemical makes direct contact with your gloves, or if a tear, hole or puncture develops, remove them at once. (NTP, 1992)|Personnel Protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. /Bromopropanes/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. /Bromopropanes/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. /Bromopropanes/|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Bromopropanes/

LD50 Rat oral 741 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 12 g/cu m/4hr|LD50 Mouse oral 676 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 75 mg/kg

1,2-Diromopropane's production and use as a research chemical(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.43X10+3 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dibromopropane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dibromopropane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.46X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from a vapor pressure of 7.84 mm Hg(4) and water solubility of 1.43X10+3 mg/L(2). 1,2-Dibromopropane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.43X10+3 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dibromopropane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.46X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its vapor pressure, 7.84 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1.43X10+3 mg/L(3). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 6 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 10(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Using hydrolysis rates measured at elevated temperatures, a hydrolysis half-life of 320 days (rate constant = 2.5X10-8 per second) at 25 °C and pH 7 was calculated for 1,2-dibromopropane(7,8). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-dibromopropane, which has a vapor pressure of 7.84 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dibromopropane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.3X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 1,2-dibromopropane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dibromopropane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 4.33X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 37 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Using hydrolysis rates measured at elevated temperatures, a hydrolysis half-life of 320 days (rate constant = 2.5X10-8 per second) at 25 °C and pH 7 was calculated for 1,2-dibromopropane(2,3). 1,2-Dibromopropane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 10 was calculated for 1,2-dibromopropane(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.43X10+3 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of 1,2-dibromopropane is estimated as 80(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.43X10+3 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dibromopropane is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-dibromopropane is estimated as 1.46X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 7.84 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1.43X10+3 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1,2-dibromopropane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 6 days(SRC). 1,2-Dibromopropane's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 1,2-dibromopropane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon the vapor pressure(1).

Occupational exposure to 1,2-dibromopropane is expected to be limited to laboratory researchers who use this chemical. (SRC)

... The following four metabolites were identified in the liver at 12 h after treatment with 1,2-DBP, by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS): M1, 2-hydroxypropylglutathione; M2, 2-oxopropylglutathione; M3, N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine; and M4, N-acetyl-S-(2-oxopropyl)-L-cysteine. Ions of individual conjugates were observed at m/z 366, 364, 222 and 220, respectively. Characteristic product ions at m/z 237, 217, 204 and 202 for the identification of M1, M2, M3 and M4 were observed, respectively. In the sera isolated from the same animals, only mercapturic acids (M3 and M4) were observed by LC-ESI/MS. When female BALB/c mice were treated orally with 1,2-DBP at doses of 150, 300 and 600 mg kg(-1) once for 12 h, the production of glutathione conjugates and mercapturic acids in liver was apparently dose dependent, as were the concentrations of them in sera. When the production of metabolites from 1,2-DBP was investigated in liver following oral treatment with 600 mg kg(-1) 1,2-DBP for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, metabolite concentrations were greatest at the first time point (6 h).|1,2-Dibromopropane was administered orally in doses of 50-350 mg/kg to male Wistar rats. Four mercapturic acids were identified in urine by GC/MS, viz. N-acetyl-S-(2-oxopropyl)-L-cysteine (I), N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (II), N-acetyl-S-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (III), and N-acetyl-S-(2-bromo-2-propenyl)-L-cysteine (IV). Mercapturic acid IV was a minor metabolite which could only be measured at doses of 200 mg/kg or higher. In 24 hr, urinary excretion of mercapturic acids amounted to about 36% of the dose (11% I, 21% II, 4% III, 0.2% IV). No dose dependency was found up to the highest dose.

SYMPTOMS: Irritant and narcotic in high conc. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Disaster Hazard: Moderate Danger. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

1,2-dibromopropane

Propane, 1,2-dibromo-: ACTIVE