Potassium fluoride

58.09670

57.96210

232-151-5

9082WG1G3F

1812

DTXSID8031940

White cubic crystals|White crystalline, deliquescent powder

2826199010

0

-2.99600

Potassium fluoride appears as white powder or crystals with a sharp saline taste. Shipped as a solid or an aqueous solution. Strongly irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion. Used in insecticides, solder flux and etching glass.

2.48

856 °C

19.5ºC at 760 mmHg

NotºConsidered to be a fire hazard

1.363

H2O: 92.3 g/100 mL (18 ºC)

Store at RT.

922mmHg at 25°C

MLD in guinea pigs (mg/kg): 250 orally, 350 s.c.; in frogs (mg/kg): 375 s.c. (Simonin)

Sharp saline taste

May be stored in aluminum containers, attracts moisture from the air|Monoclinic crystals; melting point: 41 °C; solubility in water: 349.3 g/100 mL at 18 °C /Dihydrate/

Deliquescent. Water soluble.

Salts, Basic

POTASSIUM FLUORIDE reacts with acids to evolve corrosive and toxic hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solutions corrode glass and consequently are prepared and stored in polyethylene containers. The pure solid may be stored in glass containers. Reacts violently with (Pt + BrF3). [NTP 1992].

Aqueous solution corrodes glass and porcelain

III

6.1

UN 1812

3

R23/24/25

S26-S45

TT0700000

T

Stable. Protect from moisture. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases.

Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P261-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P403 + P233

H301 + H311 + H331

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Platinum is attacked by bromine trifluoride at 280 °C in presence of potassium fluoride.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)

|Danger|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H301+H311+H331 (17.05%): Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]|P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P350, P302+P352, P304+P340, P310, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 563 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P264, P270, P301+P310, P321, P330, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)

/GUIDE 154 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For UN3171, if Lithium ion batteries are involved, also consult GUIDE 147. /Potassium fluoride; Potassium fluoride, solid; Potassium fluoride, solution/|/GUIDE 154 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Potassium fluoride; Potassium fluoride, solid; Potassium fluoride, solution/|/GUIDE 154 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Potassium fluoride; Potassium fluoride, solid; Potassium fluoride, solution/|/GUIDE 154 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Potassium fluoride; Potassium fluoride, solid; Potassium fluoride, solution/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for POTASSIUM FLUORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Potassium fluoride, solid and potassium fluoride solution are included on the dangerous goods list.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Potassium fluoride, solid and potassium fluoride solution are included on the dangerous goods list.

LD50 Mouse 40.03 mg/kg|LD50 Rat ip 64 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 245 mg/kg

This study was designed to quantitate and compare the major features of the short-term pharmacokinetics of fluoride--i.e., the plasma (Cp), renal (Cr), and extra-renal (Cer) clearances--in young adult dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and hamsters. Plasma and urine samples were collected for seven h after the iv administration of fluoride (0.5 mg F/kg). Cp ranged from 3.5 to 8.6 mL/min/kg in the dog and hamster, respectively. Cr ranged from less than 1.5 mL/min/kg in the dog and rabbit to about 3.5 mL/min/kg in the rat and hamster. Cer ranged from 2.1 mL/min/kg in the dog to over 4.5 mL/min/kg in the cat, rabbit, and hamster. It was concluded that (1) there are major quantitative differences in the metabolic handling of fluoride among the five species, and that (2) Cp, Cr, and Cer values of the young adult dog, when factored for body weight, resemble those of the young adult human most closely. /Fluoride/|The purpose of this review is to present the general characteristics of the metabolism of fluoride particularly as it occurs when ingested with fluoridated salt. Following the absorption of salt-borne fluoride from the stomach and intestines, its metabolism is identical to that of water-borne fluoride or other vehicles containing ionized fluoride. Because fluoridated salt is almost always ingested with food, however, absorption from the gastrointestinal tract may be delayed or reduced. Reports dealing with this subject have shown that fluoride absorption is delayed and, therefore, peak plasma concentrations are lower than when fluoride is ingested with water. The amount of ingested fluoride that is finally absorbed, however, is not appreciably affected unless the meal is composed mainly of components with high calcium concentrations. In this case, the extent of absorption can be reduced by as much as 50%. Fluoridated salt is also ingested less frequently than fluoridated water. Data are presented to show that the dose size and frequency of ingestion have only minor effects on fluoride retention in the body and on the concentrations in plasma, bone and enamel. Finally, calculations are presented to show that the risk of acute toxicity from fluoridated salt is virtually non-existent. /Fluoride/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary for edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary. Development of QT interval prolongation may signal hypocalcemia and need for IV calcium gluconate administration ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use 2.5% calcium gluconate gel for skin burns over painful areas after thorough decontamination ... . Iced 0.13% benzalkonium chloride (Zephiran chloride) solution soak or compresses may be used with careful monitoring of body temperature. Compresses should be changed every 2 min. Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) and Related Compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... A group of 11 healthy young adults volunteered to participate after verbal and written information and consent. After a 1-week fluoride depletion period, the subjects consumed popcorn prepared with either fluoridated (250 mg/kg) or non-fluoridated salt during 30 minutes. Unstimulated whole saliva and samples of supragingival plaque were collected before consumption (baseline) and at 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the intake. Fluoride concentration was determined with a fluoride-specific electrode and the post-ingestion levels were compared with baseline by ANOVA. ... In saliva, the mean fluoride concentrations at baseline ranged from 0.021 to 0.027 mg/L and after the 30 minutes consumption of fluoride prepared snacks a 15-fold increase (p<0.001) was found. The same pattern was disclosed in the plaque samples. In both saliva and plaque, the fluoride levels remained significantly elevated after 2 hours (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively). /The authors concluded that/ consumption of snacks prepared with fluoridated table salt resulted in significantly increased fluoride levels in saliva and supragingival plaque for a period of at least two hours. /Fluoride/|/SURVEILLANCE/ Acute fluoride poisoning produces a clinical syndrome characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and paresthesias. In May 1992, excess fluoride in one of two public water systems serving a village in Alaska caused an outbreak of acute fluoride poisoning. /The authors/ surveyed residents, measured their urinary fluoride concentrations, and analyzed their serum-chemistry profiles. A case of fluoride poisoning was defined as an illness consisting of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or numbness or tingling of the face or extremities that began between May 21 and 23. ... Among 47 residents studied who drank water obtained on May 21, 22, or 23 from the implicated well, 43 (91 percent) had an illness that met the case definition, as compared with only 6 of 21 residents (29 percent) who drank water obtained from the implicated well at other times and 2 of 94 residents (2 percent) served by the other water system. /The authors/ estimated that 296 people were poisoned; 1 person died. Four to five days after the outbreak, 10 of the 25 case patients who were tested, but none of the 15 control subjects, had elevated urinary fluoride concentrations. The case patients had elevated serum fluoride concentrations and other abnormalities consistent with fluoride poisoning, such as elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations. The fluoride concentration of a water sample from the implicated well was 150 mg/L, and that of a sample from the other system was 1.1 mg/L.../Fluoride/

potassium fluoride

Grade: technical, free of arsenic, CP

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting|Potassium fluoride (KF): ACTIVE|Potassium fluoride is an unscheduled precursor to Sarin.|Sodium and potassium fluoride are used for the fluoridation of household salt. Addition of fluoride is carried out either by the wet or the dry process. Qualitatively good fluoridated salt can be produced by using either method. In the wet process, a solution of potassium fluoride is mixed homogeneously with the salt. For the dry mixture, only sodium fluoride with a small granule size is suitable. Apart from the mixing methods used by the larger salt manufacturers, there are low-cost solutions for very small producers.|In seven European countries there are national legal regulations, or salt producers have obtained individual authorizations, for the production and marketing of fluoridated edible salt. On the basis of EU mutual recognition rules, there are other countries which import fluoridated edible salt. All European countries practise salt fluoridation on a voluntary basis. In the near future, a European regulation is expected to supersede the national conditions. /Fluoridated salts/

Cosmetics -> Antiplaque; Oral care