Sesame oil

1103.8

1103.00787123

232-370-6

DTXSID9033971

Yellowish oil|Pale yellow oil

29420000

log Kow = 22.5 (est) /representative triglycerides of sesame oil/

0.9 g/cm³

-5 °C

611-639 K (338-366 °C) /primary triglycerides in sesame oil/

491 °F (255 °C) (closed cup)

Index of refraction: 1.473-1.476 at 20 °C|Index of refraction: 1.4650-1.4665 at 40 °C

Insoluble in water|Miscible with ether, chloroform, solvent hexane, carbon disulfide. Soluble in petroleum ether; slighty soluble in alcohol

Sesame oil is more stable than most other fixed oils and does not readily become rancid; this has been attributed to the antioxidant effect of some of its characteristic constituents. The PhEur 6.3 permits the addition of a suitable antioxidant to sesame oil.
Sesame oil may be sterilized by aseptic filtration or dry heat. It has been reported that suitable conditions for the sterilization of injections containing sesame oil are a temperature of 170℃ for 2 hours; it has been suggested that

9.0X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C /extrapolated, representative triglycerides of sesame oil/

Almost odorless

Bland|Pleasant grain-like odor

Saponification value 187-193; Iodine value 136-138; Nonsaponifiable matter 0.9-2.3%

24/25

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

SRP: Criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Strong oxidizing agents

Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, up to and including the decaglycerol esters, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) They are prepared from corn oil, cottonseed oil, lard, palm oil from fruit, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, and tallow and the fatty acids derived from these substances (hydrogenated and nonhydrogenated) meeting the requirements of section 172.860(b) and/or oleic acid derived from tall oil fatty acids meeting the requirements of 172.862. (b) They are used as emulsifiers in food, in amounts not greater than that required to produce the intended physical or technical effect.

Johnson W Jr et al; Int. J. Toxicol. 30 (Suppl. 1): 40S-53S (2011); Sesamum indicum (sesame) seed oil and related cosmetic ingredients are derived from Sesamum indicum. Sesamum indicum(sesame) seed oil, sesamum indicum (sesame) oil unsaponifiables, and hydrogenated sesame seed oil function as conditioning agents. Sodium sesameseedate functions as a cleansing agent, emulsifying agent, and a nonaqueous viscosity increasing agent. These ingredients are neither skin irritants, sensitizers, teratogens, nor carcinogens at exposures that would result from cosmetic use. Both animal and human data relevant to the cosmetic use of these ingredients were reviewed. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration as described in this safety assessment.[Johnson W Jr et al; Int. J. Toxicol. 30 (Suppl. 1): 40S-53S (2011)]|Determination of Suitable Variety and Seed Rate of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) in Sandy Dunes of Kordofan, Sudan. Discusses imporved cultivation techniques, including the choice of better seed varieties of sesame seedss, which greatly improves harvest in the nation of Sudan.[El Maim AM et al; Int J Agri Forestry 2 (4): 175-179 (2012)]

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Eye/face protection: Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166 Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Body Protection: impervious clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Combustible when exposed to heat or flame.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.|To fight fire use CO2, dry chemicals.

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

| 0 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Sesame oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the seeds of Sesamum indicum. It is widely used as edible oil in the countries of origin. A current pharmaceutical use for sesame oil in the US is as a "medical carrier" for injected drug or intravenous drip solutions. It also is used as a carrier or as part of a carrier formulation by the cosmetics industry. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Sesame oil is not a skin irritant, skin sensitizer, or photoallergen. However, it could cause severe IgE-mediated food allergic reactions among infants and young children: the main clinical manifestation was urticaria/angiedema , anaphylaxis was the presenting symptom in some patients; all of them were younger than 1 year. Some patients were found to be allergic to other foods, and other atopic diseases were identified as well. Three patients 'outgrew' their allergy within 1-2 years. In adults with sesame allergy, a pin and- needle sensation on the face, followed by the onset of chills, shakiness, and abdominal cramps, were reported after eating sesame oil. ANIMAL STUDIES: No treatment-related changes were observed in groups of rats following administration of sesame oil and observation for one year. Sesame oil was not carcinogenic or teratogenic in animals. However aerated sesame oil was a mild carcinogen. Sesame oil fed to larvae induced somatic mutations in Drosophila melanogaster, but it was not mutagenic in Ames test with Salmomella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 with or without S9 activation. However, the polar part of oils prepared from 240 and 260 °C of roasting temperatures showed weak mutagenicity to S. typhimurium TA98 with S9 activation. Furthermore, mice receiving either 9% or 12% sesame oil in their diet for 8 weeks presented a statistically increased aflatoxin B1-induced aberration rate as compared to those given a diet containing 3% sesame oil.

Diclofenac: The sesame lignan sesamol has been shown to attenuate the acute gastric injury in rats caused by the diclofenac... /Sesamol/|Antibiotics: Concomitant use with sesame seed lignans may decrease the production of the mammalian lignans enterolactone (ENT) and enterodiol (END) from sesame seed lignans. /Sesame seed lignans/|A single dose of the sesame seed lignans sesamin and sesamolin (136 mg) was found to reduce the urinary excretion of co-administered gamma-tocopherol in a human study. /Sesame seed lignans/|Dietary sesamin, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) synergistically increased the gene expression of enzymes involved in hepatic peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in rat... /Sesamin/|For more Interactions (Complete) data for SESAME OIL (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Rabbit iv 678 ug/kg|LD50 Mouse ip >50 g/kg bw|LD50 Mice oral > 10 g/kg|LD50 Rats oral > 5 g/kg /10% to 11% sesame oil/|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for SESAME OIL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pregnant women and nursing mothers should avoid the use of sesame lignan supplements pending long-term safety studies. /Sesame lignan supplements/|Sesame seed lignans are contraindicated in those who are hypersensitive to any component of a sesame seed lignan-containing product. /Sesame seed lignan/

Sesame oil is contained in the seeds of Sesamum indicum, a plant resembling linseed and grown mainly in China, India, Africa, and Mexico. The flat seeds are 2-3 mm long and vary in color from white to brown-black; the oil content is 45-55%(1). Sesamum indicum is a member of the Pedaliaceae family(2).

Sesame oil's production and use in the production of shortening, salad oil, margarine and food products(1), and in paints, soaps, cosmetics, perfumes, bath oils, and pharmaceuticals (vehicle for drug delivery)(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture comprised of fatty acid constituents of linoleic acid (40-48%), oleic acid (35-46%), linolenic (0.5%) and saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic, 11-16%)(1). Based on a classification scheme(2), an estimated Koc value of 1X10+10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(3), indicates that the constituent triglycerides of sesame oil are expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Sesame oil emits a detectable odor(4) which suggests some evaporation from soil surfaces may occur(SRC). However, an extrapolated vapor pressure of 9X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C for the constituent triglycerides(5) suggests volatilization is not expected to be a major environmental fate process(SRC). Sesame oil is a semi-drying oil(6) that can partially harden, forming a polymeric film, on surfaces exposed to air(6,7). Vegetable oils, such soybean and corn oil, are reported to be readily biodegradable(8). Sesame oil is comprised of a similar triglyceride composition as soybean and corn oil(1,5); therefore, sesame oil is expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture comprised of fatty acid constituents of linoleic acid (40-48%), oleic acid (35-46%), linolenic (0.5%) and saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic, 11-16%)(1). Based on a classification scheme(2), an estimated Koc value of 1X10+10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(3), indicates that the constituent triglycerides of sesame oil are expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The triglycerides in sesame oil are so insoluble in water and likely to adsorb strongly to sediment and suspended material, that volatilization from water is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Vegetable oils, such soybean and corn oil, are reported to be readily biodegradable(4). Sesame oil is comprised of a similar triglyceride composition as soybean and corn oil(1,5); therefore, sesame oil is expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), a reported BCF of <10 for vegetable oils such as soybean and corn oil(4) suggests the potential for bioconcentration of sesame oil in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture comprised of fatty acid constituents of linoleic acid (40-48%), oleic acid (35-46%), linolenic (0.5%) and saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic, 11-16%)(1). According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(2), the constituent triglycerides of sesame oil, which have an extrapolated vapor pressure of 9X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(3), are expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase sesame oil triglycerides are degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to range from 0.65 to 5 hours(SRC), calculated from their rate constants of 5.8X10-10 to 7.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that were derived using a structure estimation method(4). The unsaturated triglycerides will also degrade in vapor-phase by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to 0.2 hours(SRC), calculated from a rate constant of 1.4X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that were derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase sesame oil may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of the saturated fatty acid constituents of sesame oil with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). The unsaturated constituents are more reactive. The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of a typical unsaturated fatty acid constituent mixture of sesame oil with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.8X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 0.65 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). The unsaturated constituents will also react with atmospheric ozone. The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of a typical unsaturated fatty acid constituent mixture of sesame oil with ozone has been estimated as 1.4X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 0.2 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Oil paints consisting of natural drying oils, such as soybean oil which contains a similar triglyceride composition as sesame oil(1), undergo autoxidative polymerization in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and catalytic driers(3); during film formation (curing), atmospheric oxygen reacts with the oil to form hydroperoxides which decompose into radicals and then initiate polymerization(3).

Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture(1). Vegetable oils with similar triglyceride constituents, such as soybean and corn oil, have reported BCF values of <10(2). Sesame oil is expected to have a similar BCF value(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF value suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Sesame oil is predominantly a triglyceride mixture(1). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(2), the Koc of the constituent triglycerides of sesame oil can be estimated to be on the order of 1.0X10+10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that sesame oil is expected to be immobile in soil.

Sesame oil is an oil with a detectable odor(1) indicating that some evaporation may occur(SRC). Sesame oil is classified as a semi-drying oil(2) which indicates that it can partially harden when exposed to air and is able to form films if modified or mixed with other film-forming components(2). The triglycerides in sesame oil can react with atmospheric oxygen to form polymeric films(2,3). Although some volatilization is possible, sesame oil's extrapolated vapor pressure of 9X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C based on triglyceride constituents(4) suggests volatilization is not expected to be a major environmental fate process(SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 20,222 workers (15,840 of these were female) were potentially exposed to sesame oil in the US(1). Occupational exposure to sesame oil may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sesame oil is produced or used. Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to sesame oil via ingestion of foods and food additives containing sesame oil and via dermal contact with this compound or consumer products containing sesame oil(SRC).

Sesame seed and its oil have been utilized... for medicinal purposes, including providing energy and mental tranquility and preventing aging... and as the fundamental body massage oil in Ayurvedic medicine. /Tratitional medicine/|Sesamin has possible anticancer, antihypertensive, antioxidant/pr-oxidant/hepatoprotective, estrogenic/antiestrogenic, neuroprotective, lipid metabolism /modifying/ and hypocholesterolemic activities. /Sesamin/|EXPL THER This study was designed to investigate the effect of sesaminol glycosides (SG), one of the most abundant lignan glycosides in sesame (Sesamum indicum LINN.) seed, on cognitive deficits and oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of beta-amyloid protein (Abeta)(25-35) in mice. Mice were fed diets containing 0%, 0.25%, or 0.5% of SG for six weeks. Dietary SG showed a protective effect against Abeta-induced learning and memory deficits in passive avoidance and the Morris water maze test. Abeta caused significant neuronal loss in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, but SG supplement showed decrease of the Abeta(25-35) induced neuronal loss. The SG supplementation significantly decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in brain tissue. SG also reversed the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which is decreased by Abeta. These results suggest that SG protects against cognitive deficits induced by Abeta(25-35), in part through its antioxidant activity. /Sesaminol/|EXPL THER /The study/ investigated the neuroprotective effect of sesaminol glucosides (SG) in SK-N-SH cells. SG prevented apoptotic cell death induced by Abeta25-35. In parallel, SK-N-SH cells exposed to Abeta25-35 underwent oxidative stress as shown by the elevated level of intracellular ROS, lipid peroxidation, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) formation, which were effectively suppressed by SG treatment. Furthermore, SG reversed the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and restored intracellular GSH levels in Abeta25-35 challenged SK-N-SH cells. In addition, SG inhibited not only Abeta25-35-induced apoptotic features including cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, activation of caspase-3, and activation of caspase-9, but also elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in SK-N-SH cells treated with Abeta25-35. It was also observed that Abeta25-35 stimulated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular protein regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAP kinase. SG inhibited phosphorylation of the JNK, ERK and p38 MAP kinase. These results suggest that SG has a protective effect against Abeta25-35-induced neuronal apoptosis, possibly through scavenging oxidative stress and regulating MAPKs signaling pathways. /Sesaminol glucosides/|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for SESAME OIL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pregnant women and nursing mothers should avoid the use of sesame lignan supplements pending long-term safety studies. /Sesame lignan supplements/|Sesame seed lignans are contraindicated in those who are hypersensitive to any component of a sesame seed lignan-containing product. /Sesame seed lignan/|Men with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) should discuss the advisability of the use of sesame seed lignan supplements with their physicians before deciding to use them. /Sesame seed lignan supplements/|Women with estrogen receptor-positive tumors should exercise caution in the use of sesame lignan supplements and should only use them if they are recommended and monitored by a physician. /Sesame lignan supplements/

In this study, ...the distribution and metabolism of refined sesame oil lignans (sesamin and episesamin) in rat /was examined/. For 8 wk rats were fed the diet including 0.5% (w/w) sesame lignans (sesamin and episesamin) with 5% (w/w) corn oil or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-rich oil. The concentrations of sesamin and episesamin in rat liver after their administration for 8 wk were very low; both of them were <0.5 ug/g liver. These were observed in both oil groups although the fatty acid compositions of dietary oils were completely different. No significant difference existed in lymphatic absorption between sesamin and episesamin. To investigate the distribution of sesamin and episesamin in rats, the concentrations of sesamin and episesamin were determined in tissues and serum within 24 hr after administration to rats. Sesamin and episesamin may be, at first, incorporated into the liver and then transported to the other tissues (lung, heart, kidney, and brain). They are lost from the body within 24 hr after administration. There was no significant difference in lymphatic absorption between sesamin and episesamin, but the amount of sesamin was significantly lower than that of episesamin in all tissues and serum. These results suggest that sesamin is absorbed in lymph the same as episesamin, but that sesamin is subsequently metabolized faster by the liver. /Sesamin and episesamin/|... In experiment 1, rats (4-wk-old) were fed the diet with alpha-tocopherol alone or with alpha- and gamma-tocotrienols. In experiment 2, the effect of dietary sesame seeds on tocopherol and tocotrienol concentrations in rats fed the diet with tocopherol and tocotrienol was studied. The rats were fed the experimental diet for 8 wk in both experiments. alpha- and gamma-Tocotrienols accumulated in the adipose tissue and skin, but not in plasma or other tissues, of the rats fed tocotrienols. Dietary sesame seeds elevated (P<0.05) tocotrienol concentrations in the adipose tissue and skin, but did not affect their concentrations in other tissues or in plasma. The gamma-tocopherol concentration in all tissues and plasma of rats fed gamma-tocopherol was extremely low but was elevated (P<0.05) in many tissues by feeding sesame seeds. These data suggest that the transport and tissue uptake of vitamin E isoforms are different. Dietary sesame seeds elevate the concentrations of both tocopherols and tocotrienols. /Sesame seeds/|The urinary excretion of the sesamin catechol metabolite... ranges from about 22% to 39%, mostly in the glucuronide and sulfate forms. /Sesamin/|Groups of young adult albino rats were dosed, either subcutaneously (SC) or intraperitoneally (IP), with sesame oil, and killed after approximately 1 year on test. One female rat in the 62-mL IP group had a massive deposition of sesame oil within the parenchyma of the lung, which was considered evidence of systemic distribution of sesame oil after IP dosing. Overall, there was a tendency for sesame oil to migrate within the body of the rat following IP or SC injection. Following SC injection, the test substance tended to pool in the SC tissue of the ventral abdomen. A similar pattern of distribution in the SC tissue was noted in all groups of rats dosed IP with sesame oil.

Sesamol (II), a monophenolic antioxidant present in sesame oil, interacted readily with nitrite. In dilute aqueous solutions with II in excess, it rapidly and completely removed nitrite to produce an equivalent amount of 3,4-methylenedioxy-6-nitrosophenol (III); the rate was fastest at pH 2.0, followed by pH 3.0 and 4.0. In dilute solutions with nitrite in excess, the amount of III formed, which corresponded well to that of nitrite lost, was less than that of II initially present, and some side reactions may have occurred. Compound II prevented the N-nitrosation of dimethylamine, as did pyrocatechol and L-ascorbic acid, or accelerated the reaction, depending upon the conditions. Compound III showed a catalytic effect on the N-nitrosation. (Nitrosamines used as food additives are potential carcinogens.)|The urinary excretion of the sesamin catechol metabolite... ranges from about 22% to 39%, mostly in the glucuronide and sulfate forms. /Sesamin/|After ingestion, some sesamin is absorbed from the small intestine and some is converted by the intestinal microflora... to the mammalian lignan enterolactone (ENT), and to a lesser degree to the mammalian lignan, enterodiol (END)... Some sesamin is also absorbed in the small intestine and winds up in the liver where... undergoes oxidative transformation and demethylation to form a number of hydroxylated catechol metabolites... The catechol metabolites may get excreted in the bile and then get metabolized by the intestinal flora of the large intestine to ENT and ENL. /Sesamin/|6 participants (3 males, 3 females; 22 to 32 years old) took a single dose of Sesame oil (508 mmol sesamin, major sesame oil lignan) and their urine was collected for four 12-hour periods. The urine samples were treated with b-glucuronidase/ sulfatase and extracted with chloroform. The major urinary sesamin metabolite in the chloroform extract was characterized as (1R,2S,5R,6S)-6-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(3,4- methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3,3,0]octane using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy. The excretion of the sesamin catechol metabolite ranged from 22.3% to 38.6% (mean+/-SD, 29.3+/-5.6) of the ingested dose and happened mainly in the first 12 hours after ingestion.

The heavy metals specification for refined sesame oil is less than 0.001% max.|The following chlorinated benzene residues have been reported in crude sesame oil (from China): 1,4-dichlorobenzene (0.15 mg/g); 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (0.005 mg/g); 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (0.15 mg/g); and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene and/or 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene (0.005 mg/g). Traces of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene; 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene; and pentachlorobenzene were also reported.|A survey of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 contamination in various foods on the retail market was conducted in Japan in 2004 and 2005. The mycotoxins were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, or high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Aflatoxin contamination was not found in sesame oil.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Hydrocarbon Blends, Mixtures, and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Hydrocarbon Blends, Mixtures, and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Hydrocarbon Blends, Mixtures, and Related Compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ To evaluate whether there was any difference in efficacy when nasal mucosa dryness was treated with pure sesame oil (Nozoil) compared with isotonic sodium chloride solution (ISCS). In a randomized, crossover study, 79 subjects with nasal mucosa dryness were enrolled. Half the subjects received pure sesame oil for 14 days followed by ISCS for 14 days, and the other half received ISCS for 14 days followed by pure sesame oil for 14 days. During the test period from March 13 to May 30, 2000, the outdoor absolute humidity was low. Nasal mucosa dryness, stuffiness, and crusts were scored every evening with a visual analog scale. ...Nasal mucosa dryness improved significantly when pure sesame oil was used compared with ISCS (P<0.001). The improvement in nasal stuffiness was also better with pure sesame oil (P<0.001) as was improvement in nasal crusts (P<0.001). Eight of 10 subjects reported that their nasal symptoms had improved with pure sesame oil compared with 3 of 10 for ISCS (P<0.001). Adverse events were few and temporary. When nasal mucosa dryness due to a dry winter climate was treated, pure sesame oil was shown statistically to be significantly more effective than ISCS.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Forty healthy female students (mean age 26 yr) were randomly assigned to one of three groups and consumed a diet that contained one of the three oils for 4 wk. Refined oils were distributed as ingredients in specially prepared buns, in margarine or as dressing. Serum tocopherols, serum lipoproteins and plasma malondialdehyde concentrations were measured. The gamma-tocopherol concentrations normalized to serum lipids increased significantly in the corn and sesame oil groups (P<0.01), and the alpha-/gamma-tocopherol ratios decreased significantly from baseline concentrations in all groups (P<0.05). The alpha-tocopherol concentrations did not change during the diet period in any of the three groups. Serum cholesterol, serum apolipoprotein B and plasma malondialdehyde concentrations decreased significantly only in the Linola oil group (P< 0.05). These data show that a moderately modified natural diet that contains both alpha- and gamma-tocopherol increases the serum gamma-tocopherol concentration in healthy women without affecting the serum alpha-tocopherol concentration.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Recently, ...sesame /was found/ to be a major cause of severe IgE-mediated food allergic reactions among infants and young children in Israel. The purpose of this study was to describe the different patterns of sesame sensitivity. ...Three subgroups /were identified/...(n=32). Group I (n=23, M/F; 14/9) consisted of cases with IgE-mediated sesame allergy. The mean age of the first allergic reaction was 11.7 months. Although the main clinical manifestation was urticaria/angiedema (n=14, 60%), anaphylaxis was the presenting symptom in seven (30%) patients; all of them were younger than 1 year. Sixteen (70%) were found to be allergic to other foods, and other atopic diseases were identified in 18 (78%) patients. Three patients 'outgrew' their allergy within 1-2 years. Group II (n=2) included cases in whom sesame allergy was ruled out based on a negative skin prick test (SPT) together with a negative open oral challenge. Group III (n=7) consisted of patients that were found to be SPT positive for sesame as part of a screening for other food allergies. Although sesame products have become fashionable in westernized countries, early exposure may cause sesame to share eventually the same 'notoriety and fate' as peanut - a major cause of severe food allergic reactions.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The prevalence of food anaphylaxis due to masked allergens has increased within the last 10 years. Contamination of manufactured products by food allergens is a key concern for food industries. In patients who have an IgE-dependent food allergy, ... Prick-in-prick tests, Cap system RAST, and single or double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (SBPCFC or DBPCFC) were performed. The doses ... were gradually increased from 1 to 30 mL for sesame oil. Data from ...12 /positive oral challenges/ to sesame seeds were analysed. Hemodynamic modifications were observed in 8% of the oral challenges (OCs) to sesame oil. Respiratory symptoms were observed in 42% of sesame allergies. A cumulative reactive dose less than or equal to 65 mg of solid food or 0.8 mL of milk characterized 16%, 18%, 5% and 8% of egg, peanut, milk and sesame allergies, respectively. The lowest reactive threshold was 30 mg for sesame seed. Five out of six OC with sesame oil were positive: 1 and 5 mL induced an anaphylactic shock. The risk of asthma and anaphylactic shock to sesame oil or seed was confirmed.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SESAME OIL (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Oil, Sesame

Constituents: olein, stearin, palmitin, myristin, linolein, sesamin, sesamolin.|Crude sesame oil ... contains up to 3% free fatty acids. The glycerides contain about 66% dioleolinolein and oleodilinolein. Refined oil has a high stability due in part to the content of sesamol, a natural antioxidant formed by hydrolysis of sesamolin. The combined concentration of sesamol and sesamolin is 0.1-0.2%.

All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing|Fats and Glyceridic oils, sesame: ACTIVE|The sesamin preparation obtained as a by-product of the refining of edible sesame oil consists of a 1:1 ratio of sesamin and its epimer episesamin. pure sesamin is available.|Sesame seed is one of the two major dietary sources of plant lignans, the other major source being flaxseed. The major sesame seed lignan is sesamin. Sesame seed contains about 0.4% sesamin in sesame oil or about 4 mg per gram... Sesamin and all of the sesame seed lignans are also classified as phytoestrogens.|Sesame oil contains 0.4% to 1.1% sesamin, 0.3% to 0.6% sesamolin, and traces of sesamol.|A synergist of pyrethrum. The oil from sesame seed was discovered to activate pyrethrum.

Method: Baudouin reaction (red coloration with furfural and HCl); Analyte: sesame oil; Matrix: other oils and fats; Detection Level: ca 0.5%.|Method: AOAC 893.01, Oil (Sesame) in Oils and Fats; Procedure: Modified Villavecchia test; Analyte: sesame oil; Matrix: other oils and fats; Detection Level: not provided.[

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Emollients;Skin Conditioning Agents|Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern|Cosmetics -> Emollient; Hair conditioning; Skin conditioning