Benedectin.

940.06

205.0505709 g/mol

200-386-2|232-503-8

68Y4CF58BV

36225

DTXSID6030780|DTXSID1040792

C48030

Platelets or thick, birefringent rods from alcohol + acetone|PLATES FROM ALCOHOL, ACETONE|COLORLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS OR WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER|White to practically white crystals or crystalline powder.|Colorless-white platelets

73.58000

0.88220

207ºC

399.8ºC at 760 mmHg

116.5ºC

5 to 10 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992)|1.07 M|1 g dissolves in about 4.5 ml water, 90 ml alcohol; sol in propylene glycol; sparingly sol in acetone; insol in ether, chloroform|Soluble in alc, acetone; slightly soluble in other organic solvents.|In water, 2.2X10+5 mg/l, temp not specified.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride preparations should be protected from light & stored in well-closed containers at a temperature < 40 degrees C, preferably between 15-30 degrees C; freezing of the injection should be avoided.

Combustible; Combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxides and hydrogen chloride fumes; Prolonged eating has teratogenic effects

BITTER TASTE

Decomp @ 205-212 °C; sublimes; free base melts at 160 °C|Acidic aq soln are stable and may be heated for 30 min @ 120 °C without decomp|SOLN ARE ACID TO LITMUS, PH OF ABOUT 3

Slightly soluble in water.

Acids, Carboxylic

A mixture of esters and amines. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Ventilated, low temperature and dry

REASONABLY STABLE TO LIGHT & AIR|STABLE IN AIR & SLOWLY AFFECTED BY SUNLIGHT|THERMOSTABLE|UNDER MOST CONDITIONS OF PROCESSING & STORAGE OF FOOD & PHARMACEUTICALS, VITAMIN IS WELL RETAINED|For more Stability/Shelf Life (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is incompatible with alkaline solutions, iron salts, and oxidizing agents.

Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended; 21 U.S.C. 321-392).|The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl pyridoxine hydrochloride, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 and 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.|Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).|Pyridoxine hydrochloride used as a nutrient and/or dietary supplement in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

Flash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Danger|H315 (32.05%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P264, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, and P362|Aggregated GHS information provided by 336 companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is stored, weighed and diluted, wear an approved half face respirator equipped with a combination cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) and a high efficiency particulate filter. (NTP, 1992)

... ANTAGONISM /OF PYRIDOXINE VITAMIN ACTIVITY/ IS POSSIBLE DURING TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION WITH DRUG HYDRALAZINE. /PYRIDOXINE/|... CONCURRENT ADMIN DOES NOT APPEAR TO ALTER CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ISONIAZID IN ERADICATING TUBERCLE BACILLI IN HUMANS. ... PYRIDOXINE SHOULD NOT BE WITHHELD WHEN INDICATED IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ISONIAZID. /PYRIDOXINE/|CONCURRENT USE OF CARBIDOPA, PERIPHERAL DOPA DECARBOXYLASE INHIBITOR, PREVENTS LEVODOPA-INHIBITING EFFECTS OF PYRIDOXINE & CARBIDOPA-LEVODOPA COMBINATION PRODUCT IS RECOMMENDED FOR PATIENTS WHO ARE RECEIVING PYRIDOXINE SUPPLEMENTATION. /PYRIDOXINE/|SINGLE SC INJECTIONS OF EACH OF 5 SUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES TO SWISS MICE: CONVULSIVE, TOXIC & LETHAL EFFECTS OF METHYLHYDRAZINE, ETHYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE , N-BUTYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE & BETA-N-[GAMMA-L(+)-GLUTAMYL]-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYLHYDRAZINE PREVENTED BY PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE.|For more Interactions (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

One of vitamins of B6 complex ... present in many foodstuffs; esp good sources are yeast, liver and cereals.|PYRIDOXINE IS PRESENT IN PLANT SOURCES SUCH AS WHOLE GRAIN CEREALS, PEANUTS & CORN. /PYRIDOXINE/|Present in many foods including cereal grains, legumes. ... Vegetables, liver, meat, and eggs.

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/

Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration; however, GI absorption may be diminished in patients with malabsorption syndromes or following gastric resection. Normal serum concentrations of pyridoxine are 30-80 ng/ml.|Vitamin B6 is stored mainly in the liver with lesser amounts in muscle & brain. The total body store of vitamin B6 is estimated to be about 167 mg. Pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate, the principal forms of the vitamin present in blood, are highly protein bound. Pyridoxal crosses the placenta, & plasma concn in the fetus are 5 times > maternal plasma concn. The concn of vitamin B6 in milk is about 150 240 mg/mL following maternal intake of 2.5 5 mg of vitamin B6 daily. Following maternal intake of < 2.5 mg of vitamin B6 daily, vitamin B6 concn in milk averages 130 mg/mL.|Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/

Treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy

Vitamin B refers to several water soluble vitamins often found together in foods, all of which are necessary for normal growth and metabolism, but none of which are synthesized in adequate amounts by humans. The common forms of vitamin B include vitamin B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine) and B12 (cyanocobalamin). Except for niacin (when given in high doses), there is no evidence that the other B vitamins, in physiologic or even super-physiologic high doses cause liver injury or jaundice. The major forms of vitamin B and selected other water soluble vitamins (biotin, pantothenic acid, choline) are discussed briefly in this record.

Vitamins

DOSE: USUAL, ORAL OR PARENTERAL, PROPHYLACTIC, 2 MG ONCE A DAY; THERAPEUTIC, 5 TO 150 MG DAILY. DOSE FOR MALNUTRITION IS 5 TO 10 MG DAILY; FOR HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDUM & EMESIS OF RADIATION SICKNESS IS 10 TO 100 MG DAILY.|... MAY BE USED PROPHYLACTICALLY TO PREVENT PERIPHERAL NEURITIS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH ISONIAZID. APPEARS TO AID IN DISSOLUTION OF RENAL STONES OF CALCIUM OXALATE ... INCR EXCRETION OF CALCIUM-CHELATING CITRIC ACID.|MEDICATION (VET): ... ANTIDOTAL IN MICE & DOGS TO CONVULSIVE EFFECTS OF RODENTICIDE CRIMIDINE.|... INFANTS MAY EXHIBIT HYPERIRRITABILITY & EPILEPTIFORM CONVULSIONS DURING FIRST WK OF LIFE THAT PROMPTLY RESPOND TO ADMIN OF PYRIDOXINE. IF UNTREATED, PYRIDOXINE-RESPONSIVE ANEMIA & MENTAL RETARDATION MAY RESULT. /PYRIDOXINE/|For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pyridoxine is usually nontoxic; however, chronic admin of large dosages has been assoc with adverse neurologic effects. Nausea, headache, paresthesia, somnolence, & incr serum AST (SGOT) & decr serum folic acid concn have been reported. Burning or stinging at the injection site may occur following IM or subcutaneous injection of pyridoxine. Seizures have occurred following IV admin of very large doses. Allergic reactions have been reported occasionally in patients receiving the vitamin.|Pyridoxine should not be used in patients with a history of sensitivity to the vitamin. According to one manufacturer, pyridoxine should not be administered iv to patients with heart disease.|Maternal Medication usually Compatible with Breast-Feeding: B6 (pyridoxine): Reported Sign or Symptom in Infant or Effect on Lactation: None. /from Table 6/|Very large doses of pyridoxine have been reported to have a lactation-inhibiting effect. Using oral doses of 600 mg/day, lactation was successfully inhibited in 95% of patients within 1 week as compared to only 17% of placebo-treated controls. /Pyridoxine/

A group of water-soluble vitamins, some of which are COENZYMES. (See all compounds classified as Vitamin B Complex.)

THE FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS A, D, & K ARE ABSORBED FROM SKIN, AS ARE LIPID INSOLUBLE VITAMINS, THIAMINE, RIBOFLAVIN, CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE, PYRIDOXINE. /PYRIDOXINE/|... READILY ABSORBED FROM GI TRACT. ... EXCRETORY PRODUCT ... OF VITAMIN /WHEN IT IS FED TO MAN IS 4-PYRIDOXIC ACID. /PYRIDOXINE/|Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration; however, GI absorption may be diminished in patients with malabsorption syndromes or following gastric resection. Normal serum concentrations of pyridoxine are 30-80 ng/ml.|Vitamin B6 is stored mainly in the liver with lesser amounts in muscle & brain. The total body store of vitamin B6 is estimated to be about 167 mg. Pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate, the principal forms of the vitamin present in blood, are highly protein bound. Pyridoxal crosses the placenta, & plasma concn in the fetus are 5 times > maternal plasma concn. The concn of vitamin B6 in milk is about 150 240 mg/mL following maternal intake of 2.5 5 mg of vitamin B6 daily. Following maternal intake of < 2.5 mg of vitamin B6 daily, vitamin B6 concn in milk averages 130 mg/mL.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

ALL THREE FORMS OF VITAMIN B6 /PYRIDOXINE, PYRIDOXAL, & PYRIDOXAMINE/ ARE CONVERTED TO PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE IN BODY; PYRIDOXAL IS CONVERTED TO PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE BY ENZYME, PYRIDOXAL KINASE ... . /PYRIDOXINE/|/4-PYRIDOXIC ACID/ ... FORMED BY ACTION OF HEPATIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ON FREE PYRIDOXAL. ADMIN OF PYRIDOXINE ... RESULTS IN INCR EXCRETION OF PYRIDOXAL ... FIRST TRANSFORMED, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PYRIDOXAL, WHICH IS THEN OXIDIZED TO 4-PYRIDOXIC ACID ... . /PYRIDOXINE/|In erythrocytes, pyridoxine is converted to pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine is converted to pyridoxamine phosphate. In the liver, pyridoxine is phosphorylated to pyridoxine phosphate and transaminated to pyridoxal and pyridoxamine which are rapidly phosphorylated. Riboflavin is required for the conversion of pyridoxine phosphate to pyridoxal phosphate. The principal forms of the vitamin in the blood are pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate.|In humans, an exogenous source of vitamin B6, is required for amino acid metab; the vitamin is also involved in carbohydrate & lipid metab. Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, & pyridoxamine are converted to the active forms of the vitamin, pyridoxal phosphate & pyridoxamine phosphate, which act as coenzymes in a wide variety of reactions in intermed metab. The active forms of the vitamin are involved in transamination of amino acids & in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin. Pyridoxine appears to be essential in the synth of y aminobutyric acid (GABA) within the CNS & in the synth of heme. Pyridoxine deficiency results in the accum & urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid (an intermed metabolite of tryptophan) & in decr glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in erythrocytes; measurement of either of these may be used to diagnose pyridoxine deficiency. For detn of xanthurenic acid excretion, an oral loading dose of 2 10 g of tryptophan is usually given; urine is collected for 8 hours & then analyzed for xanthurenic acid. Urinary excretion of vitamin B6 or 4 pyridoxic acid can also be analyzed to determine pyridoxine deficiency.|In the liver pyridoxal is oxidized to 4-pyridoxic acid.

TRITIUM-LABELED PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE WAS ADMIN TO RATS. ISOTOPE EXCRETION IN URINE OCCURRED WITH HALF-LIFE OF 40-228 DAYS AFTER THE SECOND DAY OF THE EXPT. THE ELIMINATION RATE OF PYRIDOXINE WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED BY PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE INTAKE.|Biologic half-life of pyridoxine appears to be 15-20 days.

BRAIN GABA PRODN BEGAN TO RISE 7.5 MIN AFTER IP ADMIN OF 10 MG PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE & CONTINUED FOR 40 MIN, THEN DECLINED.|NUTRITIONAL NEED FOR VITAMIN B6 IS BASED ON ITS COENZYME FUNCTION IN AN UNUSUALLY LARGE NUMBER OF METABOLIC REACTIONS. ... REQUIRED IN METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS, FATS & CARBOHYDRATES & FOR SYNTHESIS OF PHYSIOLOGIC REGULATORS SUCH AS NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONIN & HISTAMINE.|PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE IS INVOLVED IN SEVERAL METABOLIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF AMINO ACIDS INCLUDING DECARBOXYLATION, TRANSAMINATION, & RACEMIZATION, AS WELL AS ENZYMATIC STEPS IN METABOLISM OF SULFUR-CONTAINING & HYDROXY AMINO ACIDS. /PYRIDOXINE/|PYRIDOXINE ... IS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE ENZYME GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE. /PYRIDOXINE/

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include drowsiness; lethargy; fatigue; disorientation; dizziness; unsteady gait; tinnitus; headache; blurred vision; nervousness; tremors; irritability; epigastric pain; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea and/or constipation; dry mouth; palpitations; hallucinations; hypnosis; coma and seizures. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, the exposure level and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

NO TOXIC EFFECTS CAUSED BY PYRIDOXINE HAVE BEEN REPORTED CLINICALLY FOLLOWING IV DOSES OF 200 MG OR ORAL DOSES OF 300 MG DAILY.|Pyridoxine can cause sensory neuropathy or neuropathic syndrome when given in doses exceeding 50 mg to 2g daily over prolonged periods. The initial findings are unstable gait and numb feet, followed by numbness and awkwardness of the hands and perioral numbness. /Pyridoxine/|Pyridoxine is usually nontoxic; however, chronic administration of large dosages has been associated with adverse neurologic effects. Nausea, headache, paresthesia, somnolence, and increased serum AST (SGOT) and decreased serum folic acid concentrations have been reported. Burning or stinging at the injection site may occur following im or subcutaneous injection of pyridoxine. Seizures have occurred following iv administration of very large doses. Allergic reactions have been reported occasionally in patients receiving the vitamin.|The use of large doses of pyridoxine during pregnancy has been implicated in pyridoxine-dependency seizures in neonates.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pyridoxin

BONADOXIN AN ANTI-EMETIC; ANTISPASMODIC IS MIXTURE OF MECLIZINE & PYRIDOXINE HCL. /FROM TABLE/|DOSAGE FORMS: INJECTION USP: 50 & 100 MG/ML, 500 MG & 1 G/10 ML, 3 G/30 ML; TABLETS USP: 10, 25, 50, & 100 MG.|Oral capsules, 500 mg, Vitamin B-6 capsules, Solgar; Capsules, extended release, 100 mg, Vitamin B-6 T.R. Capsules, Scherer; 150 mg, Rodex(R) T.D., Legere; Tablets, 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, and tablets extended release, Vitamin B-6 Timed Tablets, Interstate.|Parenteral injection, 100 mg/ml, Beesix (R) (with benzyl alcohol), Forest; Hexa-Betalin (R) (with chlorobutanol), Lilly; Rodex (R), Legere.|Pyridoxine hydrochloride is also commercially available in combination with other vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antihistamines, cerebral stimulants, enzymes, infant formulas, hormones, laxatives, protein supplements, sedatives, unsaturated fatty acids, and antituberculars. For iv infusion, pyridoxine hydrochloride is also commercially available in combination with other vitamins in caloric and electrolyte solutions.

3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-, hydrochloride (1:1): ACTIVE|RETENTION OF NATURAL PLUS ADDED VITAMIN B6 WAS 90-95% IN CORN MEAL & 100% IN MACARONI STORED @ 100 °F, 50% ROOM HEAT FOR 12 MO. ZERO LOSS WAS ENCOUNTERED ON PREPARING CORN BREAD. WHEN MACARONI WAS COOKED, ABOUT 50% ... WAS IN MACARONI & 50% IN DRAINED COOKING WATER. /VITAMIN B6/|INCOMPATIBILITIES: COMPATIBLE WITH PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE, STANDARD IV FLUIDS.|MILK PRODUCTS STORED IN ENAMEL OR RESIN-LINED CANS MAY ONLY HAVE 25% OF EXPECTED VITAMIN B6 POTENCY. /VITAMIN B6/|... SINCE PYRIDOXINE IS MOST STABLE, /OF NATURALLY OCCURRING PYRIDINES IN VITAMIN B6/ IT PROBABLY CONTRIBUTES THE MOST VITAMIN ACTIVITY TO DIET. /PYRIDOXINE/|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

A COLORIMETRIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS IS DESCRIBED.|MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PYRIDOXINE ... IN FOOD EXTRACTS.|ANAL OF PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE MIXTURE BY HPLC.|PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE WAS ONE OF THE CMPD DERIVATIZED USING GC WITH FID.

Human Drugs -> EU pediatric investigation plans|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Cosmetics -> Antistatic; Hair conditioning; Skin conditioning