2,4-Dinitroaniline

183.12

183.12

982999

202-553-5

5BI780R6W6

1107

8731

1596

DTXSID1021823

YELLOW NEEDLES FROM DIL ACETONE, GREENISH-YELLOW PLATES FROM ALCOHOL.

29214210

118

1.84 (estimated)

Yellow to yellow-green or yellow-brown Crystalline Powder

1.615 g/cm³ @ Temp: 14 °C

187.5-188 °C

56.7 °C

224 °C

1.679

H2O: 0.06 g/L (20 ºC)

Flammables area

5.94X10-7 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

6.31 (AIR= 1)

Oral-rat LD50: 285 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 370 mg/kg

Open flames are flammable; high heat decomposes toxic nitrogen oxide fumes; reacts with oxidants

Musty odor

pKa: 18.46

UV: 3120 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection) /2,3-Dinitroaniline/|UV: 5551 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection) /2,6-Dinitroaniline/

Insoluble in water.

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

Explosive

2,4-DINITROANILINE may decompose violently at elevated temperatures. This compound can react with oxidizing materials, i.e. chlorine/hydrochloric acid. (NTP, 1992). In mixture with powdered charcoal ignited upon heating, [Cahiers, 1980, (99), 278].

II

6.1

UN 1596 6.1/PG 2

2

26/27/28-33-51/53

28-36/37-45-61-28A

BX9100000

T+,N

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants, food additives and acids

Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. May decompose violently at elevated temperatures.

P260-P264-P273-P280-P284-P301 + P310

H300-H310-H330-H373-H411

DISASTER HAZARD: ... IT CAN REACT WITH OXIDIZING MATERIALS.

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapors and combustion gases are irritating Behavior in Fire: May explode (USCG, 1999)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Danger|H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 94 companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Warning|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P314, P330, P337+P313, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If a spill of this chemical occurs, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with acetone and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Self-contained breathing apparatus; butyl rubber gloves; eye goggles; plastic lab coat; protective shoes. (USCG, 1999)|WEAR SPECIAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS.

SLIGHT, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.

WATER, CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL|Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Water or foam may cause frothing. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products. /Nitropropanes/

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Dinitroanilines/|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors, and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. /Dinitroanilines/|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Dinitroanilines/|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Dinitroanilines/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2,4-DINITROANILINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

... MAY BE IRRITATING TO SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES ... .|IRRITATING TO THE SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Well closed.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

The substance may have effects on the blood. This may result in the formation of methaemoglobin.

NO open flames.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 3 - Materials that in themselves are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction but that require a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation.

highly toxic

2,4-Dinitroaniline may be released to the environment during its production and use in the preparation of azo dyes(1,SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: When released to soil, 2,4-dinitroaniline may undergo covalent chemical bonding with humic materials which can result in its chemical alteration to a latent form and tight adsorption. When covalently bound in this latent form, leaching in soil systems is not generally expected to occur. This covalent bonding proceeds in two steps; a rapid and reversible bonding followed by a slower and much less reversible reaction(1,SRC). Leaching in soil may be possible prior to the occurrence of the slower bonding reaction. In the absence of covalent bonding, moderate leaching may be possible (estimated Koc value of 240)(3,4,SRC). Although one biological screening study showed no biodegradation in river and sea water(2), insufficient data are available to assess the relative importance of biodegradation of 2,4-dinitroaniline in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: By analogy to the aromatic amine chemical class(2), 2,4-dinitroaniline in the water column may be susceptible to photooxidation via hydroxyl and peroxy radicals(SRC). Aromatic amines have also been shown to undergo covalent bonding with humic materials in the water column and in sediment(1); partitioning from the water column to sediment and suspended material may therefore be important(SRC). Although one biological degradation study found evidence of no microbial degradation(3), insufficient data are available to assess the relative importance of biodegradation of 2,4-dinitroaniline in water. An estimated BCF value of 15(4,SRC) suggests that it will not bioconcentrate significantly in aquatic organisms(SRC). Aquatic hydrolysis and volatilization do not appear to be environmentally important(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 5.94X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), 2,4-dinitroaniline may exist in both the vapor and the particulate-phase in the ambient atmosphere(2,SRC). It is degraded relatively rapidly in the vapor phase in an average ambient atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals at an estimated half-life of about 17.7 hr(3,SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2,4-dinitroaniline with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to be 2.18E-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 17.7 hr at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). Aromatic amines are generally resistant to aqueous environmental hydrolysis(2); therefore, 2,4-dinitroaniline is not expected to hydrolyze in water(SRC). Photolysis is expected to be significant; 2,4-dinitroaniline does absorb UV light >290 nm(SRC). However, no rate data were located. As a class, aromatic amines react relatively rapidly in sunlit natural water via reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals and peroxy radicals(3); typical half-lives for hydroxyl radical and peroxy radical reaction are on the order of 19-30 sunlight hours(3); however, rate data specific to 2,4-dinitroaniline were not located(SRC).

Based on an estimated log Kow of 1.84(2), the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for 2,4-dinitroaniline can be estimated to be about 15 from a recommended regression-derived equation(1,SRC). This BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms may not be significant(SRC).

Aromatic amines have been observed to undergo rapid and reversible covalent bonding with humic materials in aqueous solution; the initial bonding reaction is followed by a slower and much less reversible reaction believed to represent the addition of the amine to quinoidal structures followed by oxidation of the product to give an amino-substituted quinone; these processes represent pathways by which aromatic amines may be converted to latent forms in the biosphere(3). In the absence of covalent bonding, a Koc of approximately 240 can be estimated for 2,4-dinitroaniline based on an estimated log Kow of 1.84(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1,SRC); this Koc value suggests medium soil mobility(4).

The Henry's Law constant for 2,4-dinitroaniline can be estimated to be approximately 1.51X10-10 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C using a chemical structure estimation method(2,SRC). This value of Henry's Law constant suggests that 2,4-dinitroaniline is essentially nonvolatile from water(1).

2,4-Dinitroaniline is used in the manufacture of azo dyes(1); therefore, workers involved in the preparation of these dyes may be exposed through dermal contact or inhalation of dust(SRC).

The disposition of 2,4-dinitroaniline was studied in rats. Male Fisher 344 rats were administered 0 to 90.0 umol/kg (14)C labeled 2,4-dinitroaniline orally or 10.0 umol/kg intravenously. Urine, feces, and bile samples from cannulated rats were analyzed for (14)C activity up to 3 days after pretreatment. Selected rats were killed between 15 minutes and 3 days after dosing and the tissue distribution of 2,4-dinitroaniline was determined. Urine and bile samples were analyzed for metabolites. 2,4-Dinitroaniline was rapidly distributed to all major tissues. Muscle, skin, and adipose tissue contained 65 to 70% of the (14)C activity in the body during the 45 minutes after dosing. Clearance from all tissues was rapid, approximately 70 to 85% of the doses being cleared from most tissues within 6 hours after administration. Three days after administration the major tissues contained very low concentrations of (14)C and variations with dose and route of administration were minimal. Urinary excretion of (14)C activity accounted for 30% of the doses after 6 hours and 63% after 24 hours. Fecal excretion over 3 days accounted for 23% of the dose. Elimination of 2,4-dinitroaniline derived (14)C activity in the bile amounted to 12.5% of the dose after 5 hours. Nine metabolites were detected. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydroxylamine was the main metabolite. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydroxylamine was excreted in the urine as the sulfate conjugate and in bile as the glucuronide. /It was/ concluded that 2,4-dinitroaniline appears to have little potential for bioaccumulation in animal tissues. Amine hydroxylation and sulfation of 2,4-dinitroaniline are probable detoxification processes that occur rapidly and facilitate clearance.

May cause headache, nausea, stupor. Irritating to skin and mucous membrane. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

2,4-dinitroaniline

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.

Cough. Sore throat.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS A CHEM INT IN PIGMENT MANUFACTURE (1975)

Benzenamine, 2,4-dinitro-: ACTIVE

THE GASEOUS EMISSIONS FORMED DURING CHLORINATION OF 2,4-DINITROANILINE BY SODIUM PERCHLORATE IN AN AQ SOLN WERE ANALYZED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.|THE DIRECT APPLICATION OF FUSED SILICA CAPILLARY COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY TO SUBSTANCES INCLUDING A NUMBER OF NITRO-SUBSTITUTED ANILINES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES IS PRESENTED. SAMPLES INCLUDE VENT EMISSIONS FROM A FUNGICIDE MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND CONTAMINATED SOIL AND WATER SAMPLES FROM 2 METROPOLITAN BOSTON CONSTRUCTION SITES.|Liquid chromatographic determination of 2,4-dinitroaniline and 2-naphthol in D & C Orange No 17.|A detailed evaluation of gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography methods for the determination of anilines in aqueous media was conducted. An optimized analytical approach based on gas chromatography with thermionic N-P selective detection was described. This method determined a variety of anilines at the low ppb level in industrial aqueous discharges, and effluents from publicly owned treatment works. Method performance data for authentic environmental samples were presented. Analytical precision was generally 5-15% relative standard deviation and recoveries were generally /about/ 75%.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for 2,4-DINITROANILINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.