Nickel acetate

176.78

117.956474

206-761-7

99QP4ELX96

2811|3077

DTXSID7020926

C45867

GREEN PRISMS|Green monoclinic crystals

2915299090

37.30000

0.09090

Dull green odorless solid. Sinks and mixes slowly with water. (USCG, 1999)

1.798 g/cm³

1555°C

16.6 °C

40ºC

17.000 lb/100 lb water at 68 deg F

Storage temperature: Ambient; Venting: Open

Decomp before melting|Slight acetic acid odor /Nickel acetate tetrahydrate/|When /nickel acetate/ is heated, it loses its water of crystallization and then decomposes to form nickel oxide. /Nickel acetate tetrahydrate/|BP: 16 °C; sol in dil alcohol /Tetrahydrate/|Green crystal mass or powder; acetic odor; density; 1.744; sol in 6 parts water, in alcohol /Tetrahydrate/|Effloresces somewhat in air|Decomposes on heating to 250 °C

Water soluble.

Salts, Basic

NICKEL ACETATE is a green, crystalline material, mildly toxic and carcinogenic. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 909].

3077

Stable at normal temperatures and pressures.

P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P285, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P304+P341, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P342+P311, P362, P363, P405, P501

H302

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)

|Danger|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P285, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P304+P341, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 6 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P285, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P304+P341, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 2241 companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P285, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P304+P341, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P342+P311, P362, P363, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Bu. Mines approved respirator; rubber gloves; safety goggles; protective clothing (USCG, 1999)|Rubber gloves; face shield or safety goggles; protective clothing.

Not flammable

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Dust /is/ irritating to eyes, nose, and throat. ... Solid /is/ irritating to skin and eyes.

Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 0.1 mg/cu m is still enforced in some states. /Nickel soluble compounds, as Ni/|Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Nickel, soluble cmpd, as Ni/

NIOSH considers nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni)/|NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration. /Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr TWA 0.015 mg/cu m. /Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni)/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Nickel acetate is included on this list.

The ability of the physiologically essential divalent metals, calcium and magnesium, to inhibit the tumorigenic activities of ... nickel towards the lung of strain A mice was investigated. The tumorigenic salt ... nickel (II) acetate was injected ip at the maximal tolerated dose (0.04 mmol/kg/injection) for a total of 24 injections. ... Calcium (II) acetate and magnesium (II) were administered in the same preparation along with the nickel salts at molar doses of approximately 1, 3, 10, and 30 times the maximal tolerated dose of the tumorigen. The animals were sacrificed 30 weeks after the first injection, and the lung tumors were counted. ... Nickel salts, administered alone, each produced a significant increase in the observed number of lung adenomas per mouse. When administered with any of the doses of calcium acetate or magnesium acetate, ... nickel acetate showed /no/ significant tumorigenic activity. ... The results indicate an antagonism between magnesium and calcium and the tumorigenic metal nickel.|Protective effects of zinc acetate toward the toxicity of nickelous acetate in rats ... study was designed to determine the effects of zinc pretreatment on the acute toxicity of nickel. Male Fischer rats received either Ni alone ip, Zn alone sc, Zn plus Ni, or saline (ip and sc; controls). In the lethality studies, the dose was 115 umol nickel/kg (as nickel) given in multiple doses of 300 umol Zn/kg (as zinc acetate) at -24, 0 and +24 hr relative to Ni (total Zn dose 900 umol/kg) for lethality studies of -24 and 0 hr for studies 24 hr and under in duration (total dose 600 umol/kg). Zn pretreatment significantly increased the 14 day survival of Ni related rats. Zn did not, however, prevent the reduction in weight gain over 2 wk seen with Ni treatment. Histopathologically, at 120 hr following Ni exposure, kidneys in the group receiving Ni alone generally showed moderate nephropathy (multifocal proximal tubule degeneration with necrosis) while in the Zn plus Ni group the nephropathy was generally mild. Zn pretreatment had no apparent effect on the pharmacokinetics of Ni over 24 hr as assessed by urinary excretion, blood levels, or organ distribution. Zn pretreatment also did not alter the subcellular distribution of renal Ni, 6 hr after exposure. Enhanced synthesis of metallothionein did not appear to play a critical role in the reduction of Ni toxicity, since renal concentrations of this metal binding protein, although elevated as compared to controls, were not different in rats receiving Zn and Ni or Zn alone. Zn pretreatment did, however have marked effect on Ni induced hyperglycemia, reducing both the duration and severity of elevated blood glucose levels. Results of this study show that Zn can prevent some of the toxic effects of Ni and that the mechanisms of this action does not appear to involve either metallothionein or alterations in the pharmacokinetics of Ni.

Inhalation causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes vomiting. Contact with eyes causes irritation. May cause dermatitis in contact with skin. (USCG, 1999)|Carcinogens

INHALATION: remove to fresh air; get medical attention if exposure has been severe. INGESTION: give large amount of water. EYES: flush with water 15 min.; consult physician if irritation persists. SKIN: wash with soap and water. (USCG, 1999)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 t0 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Nickel and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Nickel and related compounds/

Cytotoxicity, anchorage independence, (cell transformation) mutation to ouabain resistance, and mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance induced by arsenic, nickel, and chromium compounds was studied in cultured primary human diploid foreskin cells. Cells treated with the nickel compounds, nickel acetate, nickel sulfate, and nickel subsulfide, exhibited dose dependent cytotoxicity and induction of anchorage independent colonies over the dose range of 0 to 5 uM. Cells treated with 10 uM of either nickel subsulfide or nickel sulfate had an approximately 34 fold increase in anchorage independent colonies. Cells treated with the same concentration of nickel acetate showed a 13 fold increase in the frequency of anchorage independence. The chromium compounds lead chromate, potassium dichromate, calcium dichromate and chromic oxide demonstrated dose dependent cytotoxicity and increases in the frequency of anchorage independent colonies ranging from five to 13 fold. The arsenic compounds sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate but not potassium arsenate also increased the number of anchorage independent colonies. The frequency of anchorage independence increased for 11 to 14 days and then decreased.|The cytogenic effects of nickel acetate on human blood lymphocytes and the interactive effects of nickel and ionizing radiation on DNA repair were investigated using a novel challenge assay. Cultures derived from blood samples were treated with nickel acetate and irradiated at 80 centigrays (cGy)/minute. Dosing the cell cultures with nickel-acetate at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1000 umol failed to increase the frequency of chromosome aberrations or sister chromatid exchanges. Cytotoxic doses of 1000 micromolar nickel-acetate did, however, inhibit mitosis. To elucidate the effect of nickel (7440020) on DNA repair following ionizing radiation, lymphocytes were exposed to varying concentrations of nickel-acetate for 1 hour during the gap 0 phase, followed by irradiation with two doses of gamma rays (75cGy per dose and separated by 60 minutes). This challenge assay resulted in significant dose dependent increases of chromosome rearrangements and reduction of mitotic indices, indicating that nonclastogenic and noncytotoxic doses of nickel were capable of interfering with DNA repair mechanisms following ionizing radiation. Although the cause of the response was not identified in this study, it was proposed that nickel induction of DNA repair processes may be problematic, demonstrating that adaptation may not always be beneficial. The authors conclude that DNA repair problems appear to be one of the mechanisms explaining the carcinogenic effect of nickel.

nickel (II) acetate

Grades or Purity: Commercial 99%; reagent

Anodizing of Aluminum|Acetic acid, nickel(2+) salt (2:1): ACTIVE

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens