5-Aminolevulinic acid

131.13

131.13

203-414-1

88755TAZ87

DTXSID8048490

C234

L01XD04|L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents

2922509090

80.4

-1.5

Solid

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

118-119 °C

298.4±20.0 °C at 760 mmHg

134.3±21.8 °C

1.482

H2O: Very soluble

0.000303mmHg at 25°C

130.7 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]|130.7 Ų [M+H]+

III

3

UN 1993 3/PG 3

3

R10:Flammable. R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . R20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .

S16-S26-S36/37/39

Xi

|Warning|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Solution overdose have not been reported.

Aminolevulinic acid plus blue light illumination using a blue light photodynamic therapy illuminator is indicated for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratoses of the face or scalp.|FDA Label|Treatment of actinic keratosis of mild to moderate severity on the face and scalp (Olsen grade 1 to 2; see section 5.1) and of field cancerization in adults.Treatment of superficial and/or nodular basal cell carcinoma unsuitable for surgical treatment due to possible treatment-related morbidity and/or poor cosmetic outcome in adults.|Treatment of actinic keratosis|Drug: Aminolevulinicacid

The metabolism of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the first step in the biochemical pathway resulting in heme synthesis. Aminolevulinic acid is not a photosensitizer, but rather a metabolic precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is a photosensitizer. The synthesis of ALA is normally tightly controlled by feedback inhibition of the enzyme, ALA synthetase, presumably by intracellular heme levels. ALA, when provided to the cell, bypasses this control point and results in the accumulation of PpIX, which is converted into heme by ferrochelatase through the addition of iron to the PpIX nucleus.

Drugs that are pharmacologically inactive but when exposed to ultraviolet radiation or sunlight are converted to their active metabolite to produce a beneficial reaction affecting the diseased tissue. These compounds can be administered topically or systemically and have been used therapeutically to treat psoriasis and various types of neoplasms. (See all compounds classified as Photosensitizing Agents.)

Oral bioavailability is 50-60%.

Following topical administration, synthesis into protoporphyrin IX takes place in situ in the skin.

Mean half-life is 0.70 ± 0.18 h after the oral dose and 0.83 ± 0.05 h after the intravenous dose.

According to the presumed mechanism of action, photosensitization following application of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) topical solution occurs through the metabolic conversion of ALA to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which accumulates in the skin to which aminolevulinic acid has been applied. When exposed to light of appropriate wavelength and energy, the accumulated PpIX produces a photodynamic reaction, a cytotoxic process dependent upon the simultaneous presence of light and oxygen. The absorption of light results in an excited state of the porphyrin molecule, and subsequent spin transfer from PpIX to molecular oxygen generates singlet oxygen, which can further react to form superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Photosensitization of actinic (solar) keratosis lesions using aminolevulinic acid, plus illumination with the BLU-UTM Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy Illuminator (BLU-U), is the basis for aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (PDT).

5 Aminolaevulinate

Pentanoic acid, 5-amino-4-oxo-: INACTIVE

Human drugs -> Ameluz -> EMA Drug Category|Antineoplastic agents -> Human pharmacotherapeutic group|Human drugs -> Rare disease (orphan)|Human Drugs -> EU pediatric investigation plans|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty Acids and Conjugates [FA01] -> Amino fatty acids [FA0110]