Bromochlorodifluoromethane

165.36

165.36

206-537-9

91I5X8AJXS

0635

1974

DTXSID0027147

Colorless gas

2903760010

0

2.1

CHLORODIFLUOROBROMOMETHANE is a colorless, nonflammable gas. It is mildly toxic by inhalation. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket. It is used as a refrigerant gas.

1.917 g/cm³

-159.5 °C

-3.7 °C

1.4

Solubility in water: none

2.07X10+3 mm Hg @ 25 deg C

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 5.7

Inhalation-rat LC50: 200,000 PPM/15 minutes

Almost odorless

10.00e-16 cm3/molecule*sec

ODP= 3

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

CHLORODIFLUOROBROMOMETHANE is chemically inert in many situations, but can react violently with strong reducing agents such as the very active metals and the active metals. Can react with strong oxidizing agents or weaker oxidizing agents under extremes of temperature.

The gas is heavier than air and may accumulate in lowered spaces causing a deficiency of oxygen.

2.8873X10+7 J/kmol @ 113.65 K

2.2

1974

36/37/38

23-36/37/39

PA5270000

Xi

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from flammable materials

Irritant

P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P304+P340, P307+P311, P309+P311, P312, P321, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, P501

H280

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|Because of recent discovery of potential ozone decomposition in the stratosphere by fluorotrichloromethane, this material should be released to the environment only as a last resort. Waste material should be /recovered and/ returned to the vendor, or to licensed waste disposal company.

... On contact with acid or acid fumes, they emit highly toxic fumes of /hydrogen fluoride/. /Fluorides/|... ON CONTACT WITH ACIDS OR ACID FUMES, THEY EVOLVE HIGHLY TOXIC /HYDROGEN CHLORIDE/ FUMES. /CHLORIDES/

Huttenhain SH; Fraunhofer-Institut fur Unweltchemie und Okotoxikologie, Schmallenberg/Grafschaft; Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed 189 (3): 193-204 (1989). Literature review of the toxicology of the fire-extinguishing agents halon 1301 and 1211 and their decomposition products.|Zakhari S, Aviado DM; Cardiovascular Toxicology of Aerosol Propellants, Refrigerants and Related Solvents; Target Organ Toxicology Series: Cardiovascular Toxicology, XII+ 388 pages; Raven Press: New York, NY 281-326 (1982). Review of the toxicology of aerosol propellants, refrigerants and related solvents on the cardiovascular system of humans.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. (ERG, 2016)|Not combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Danger|H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P304+P340, P307+P311, P309+P311, P312, P321, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2. LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue. (ERG, 2016)|In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Allow substance to evaporate. Ventilate the area. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)|Many of the fluorocarbons are good solvents of skin oil, so protective ointment should be used ... /Fluorocarbons/|NEOPRENE GLOVES, PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, & EYE PROTECTION MINIMIZE RISK OF TOPICAL CONTACT. DEGREASING EFFECT ON SKIN CAN BE TREATED WITH LANOLIN OINTMENT. /FLUOROCARBONS/

SUFFICIENT EXHAUST & GENERAL VENTILATION SHOULD BE PROVIDED TO KEEP VAPOR CONCN BELOW RECOMMENDED LEVELS. /FLUOROCARBONS/|INHALATION OF FLUOROCARBON VAPORS SHOULD BE AVOIDED. /FLUOROCARBONS/|Forced air ventilation at the level of vapor concentration together with the use of individual breathing devices with independent air supply will minimize the risk of inhalation. /Fluorocarbons/|Enclosure of process materials and isolation of reaction vessels and proper design and operation of filling heads for packaging and shipping /are administrative controls that may be instituted to limit occupational exposure to fluorocarbons during manufacture, packaging, and use/. /Fluorocarbons/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for BROMOCHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Fire or Explosion: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for BROMOCHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Fireproof if in building.

On loss of containment this substance can cause serious risk of suffocation when in confined areas.

Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. The substance may cause effects on the cardiovascular system. This may result in cardiac disorders.

Use ventilation.

Cold-insulating gloves.

Wear face shield.

Bromochlorodifluoromethane was found in the range of 0.9 to 1.2 parts/trillion volume in air samples taken over Barrow, Alaska in 1983(1). The concentration of bromochlorodifluoromethane is air samples taken over southern France on 9/20/82, 9/10/83, and 1/10/84 was found to be 1.03, 1.31, and 1.49 parts/trillion volume, respectively(2).

Bromochlorodifluoromethane was qualitatively identified in less than 25% of all samples taken from a hazardous waste site located in New Jersey(1).

practically nontoxic

IF INHALATION OCCURS, EPINEPHRINE OR OTHER SYMPATHOMIMETIC AMINES & ADRENERGIC ACTIVATORS SHOULD NOT BE ADMIN SINCE THEY WILL FURTHER SENSITIZE HEART TO DEVELOPMENT OF ARRHYTHMIAS. /FLUOROCARBONS/

In persons with impaired pulmonary function, especially those with obstructive airway diseases, the breathing of Refrigerant 114 might cause exacerbation of symptoms due to its irritant properties. ... In persons with impaired cardiovascular function, especially those with history of cardiac arrhythmias, the inhalation of Refrigerant 114 might cause exacerbation of disorders of the conduction mechanism due to sensitizing effects on the myocardium. /Freon 114/|IT IS POSSIBLE THAT PT WITH CARDIAC OR RESP DISORDERS MAY PROVE ESP SUSCEPTIBLE. /FLUOROCARBONS/|A case of occupational rhabdomyolysis in an individual susceptible to malignant hyperthermia was described. It was recommended that persons susceptible to malignant hyperthermia avoid exposure to similar halogenated hydrocarbons.

Bromochlorodifluoromethane's production and use in fire extinguishers(1) and production of other halo fluoro compounds(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). However, the production of bromochlorodifluoromethane has to be stopped in accordance with the Montreal Protocol of 1987 as it plays an important role in the destruction of the earth's ozone layer(3). The Montreal Protocol stipulates that the production and consumption of compounds that deplete ozone in the stratosphere including halons, are to be phased out by 2000(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 49(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bromochlorodifluoromethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of bromochlorodifluoromethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Volatilization of bromochlorodifluoromethane from dry soil surfaces is expected to be rapid(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2.07X10+3 mm Hg(4). Based upon the highly halogenated structure of bromochlorodifluoromethane, biodegradation is expected to be slow(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 49(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bromochlorodifluoromethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.3 hrs and 5.1 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 5.8(SRC), from an estimated log Kow(6) and a regression-derived equation(7,SRC), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Based upon the highly halogenated structure of bromochlorodifluoromethane, biodegradation is expected to be slow(8).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bromochlorodifluoromethane, which has a vapor pressure of 2.07X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in the gas phase in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase bromochlorodifluoromethane is slowly degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be greater than 44 years(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of <1.0X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Bromochlorodifluoromethane absorbs very little UV radiation above 290 nm(4). In the troposphere, it has an estimated photolysis half-life of 12.4 years(4). Therefore, photolysis is not expected to be a significant degradation pathway for bromochlorodifluoromethane in the troposphere(SRC). The stratospheric half-life of bromochlorodifluoromethane has been estimated to range from 20 to 29 years with direct photolysis being the dominant removal mechanism(5). Therefore, when bromochlorodifluoromethane is released into the atmosphere, it will diffuse gradually into the upper limits of the troposhere, and eventually, into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will degrade slowly via photolysis(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of bromochlorodifluoromethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as <1.0X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of greater than 44 years at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). In general, polyhalomethane compounds undergo hydrolysis with highly substituted halo compounds hydrolyzing more slowly than lower substituted halo compounds(3). Therefore, although hydrolysis may occur it is not expected to be an important degradation pathway for bromochlorodifluoromethane(3). Bromochlorodifluoromethane absorbs very little UV radiation above 290 nm(4). In the troposphere, it has an estimated photolysis half-life of 12.4 yrs(4). Therefore, photolysis is not expected to be a significant degradation pathway for bromochlorodifluoromethane in the ambient troposphere(SRC). In the stratosphere, the half-life of bromochlorodifluoromethane has been estimated to range from 20 to 29 years with direct photolysis being the dominant removal mechanism(5). Stratospheric ozone is depleted by halogenated compounds (including bromochlorodifluoromethane) through the reaction of the halogen atoms with ozone. As bromochlorodifluoromethane degrades, halogens enter the atmosphere and can degrade ozone in such a way that the halogen atom is recycled while the ozone molecules are constantly broken down to oxygen(6). By this process, the existence of one halogen atom can have a devastating effect on the concentration of ozone in the strosphere. Bromochlorodifluoromethane has been assigned an Ozone Depleting Potential(ODP) of 3(7). The term ODP refers to the relative ozone depletion potential of a compound compared to that of CFC-11, which is arbitrarily assigned a value of 1.0.(8). It is the numerical quantity describing the extent of ozone depletion calculated to arise from the release to the atmosphere of 1 kg of a compound relative to the ozone depletion calculated to arise from a similar release of CFC-11(8).

An estimated BCF of 5.8 was calculated for bromochlorodifluoromethane(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.9(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2, SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for bromochlorodifluoromethane can be estimated to be about 49(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that bromochlorodifluoromethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constanodifluoromethane is estimated as 9.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that bromochlorodifluoromethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 1.3 hrs(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5.1 days(SRC). Bromochlorodifluoromethane's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Volatilization of bromochlorodifluoromethane from dry soil surfaces is expected to be rapid(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2.07X10+3 mm Hg(3).

Occupational exposure to bromochlorodifluoromethane may occur through inhalation of this compound at workplaces where bromochlorodifluoromethane is produced or used(SRC). The general population may be exposed to bromochlorodifluoromethane via inhalation of ambient air(1,2) and use of fire extinguisher products(2) containing bromochlorodifluoromethane. However, the production of bromodichlorofluoromethane has to be stopped in accordance with the Montreal Protocol as it plays an important role in the destruction of the earth's ozone layer(3).

Materials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out and cause allergies or other harm. (See all compounds classified as Flame Retardants.)

... MAIN FACTOR AFFECTING FATE OF FLUOROCARBONS IS BODY FAT, WHERE THEY ARE CONCENTRATED & SLOWLY RELEASED INTO BLOOD @ CONCN THAT SHOULD NOT CAUSE ANY RISK OF CARDIAC SENSITIZATION. /FLUOROCARBONS/|THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT ACCUMULATION OF FLUOROCARBONS IN BRAIN, LIVER & LUNG COMPARED TO BLOOD LEVELS, SIGNIFYING A TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF FLUOROCARBONS SIMILAR TO THAT OF CHLOROFORM. /FLUOROCARBONS/|Absorption of fluorocarbons is much lower after oral ingestion (35-48 times) than after inhalation. ... The lung generally has the highest fluorocarbon concentrations on autopsy. /Fluorocarbons/

Cardiac arrhythmia, possibly aggravated by elevated levels of catecholamines due to stress ... is suggested as the cause of these adverse responses, which may lead to death. /Fluorocarbons/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Keep victim calm and warm. (ERG, 2016)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

If the diagnosis of solvent abuse is suspected it can be confirmed by biochemical examination of the blood or urine. Emergency treatment is supportive and includes decontamination, oxygen, and any specific therapy required in a particular case such as antiarrhythmics or anticonvulsants. A few patients may require intermittent positive pressure ventilation, dialysis, or treatment for hepatic failure. /Solvent abuse/|... In persons who are intoxicated with fluorocarbons, steps can be taken to lessen the risk of arrhythmias. ... Before evaluation at the hospital, patients should be advised to avoid strenuous exercise. In the hospital, patients can be placed in a quiet, nonthreatening environment and sedated if necessary. If hypoxic, oxygen should be administered and metabolic abnormalities corrected. Sympathomimetic drugs should be avoided. Ventricular arrhythmias are best treated with beta-blocking agents. /Fluorocarbons/|Patients with fluorohydrocarbon poisoning should not be given epinephrine (Adrenalin) or similar drugs because of the tendency of fluorohydrocarbon to induce cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation. /Fluorohydrocarbons/|Victims of Freon inhalation require management for hypoxic, CNS anesthetic, and cardiac symptoms. Patients must be removed from the exposure environment, and high-flow supplemental oxygen should be utilized. The respiratory system should be evaluated for injury, aspiration, or pulmonary edema and treated appropriately. CNS findings should be treated supportively. A calm environment with no physical exertion is imperative to avoid increasing endogenous adrenegic levels. Exogenous adrenergic drugs must not be used to avoid inducing sensitized myocardial dysrhythmias. Atropine is ineffective in treating bradyarrhythmias. For ventricular dysrhythmias, diphenylhydantoin and countershock may be effective. Cryogenic dermal injuries should be treated by water bath rewarming at 40 to 42 °C until vasodilatory flush has returned. Elevation of the limb and standard frostbite management with late surgical debridement should be utilized. Ocular exposure requires irrigation and slit-lamp evaluation for injury. /Freons/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for BROMOCHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

A case of occupational rhabdomyolysis in an individual susceptible to malignant hyperthermia was described. A 43 year old male was found to have a serum creatine-kinase activity of 650 international units per liter, normal range 10 to 200 international units/liter, suggesting that he was susceptible to malignant hyperthermia. He was tested because his daughter had experienced an episode of malignant hyperthermia during general anesthesia. His susceptibility was confirmed by in vitro testing of a muscle specimen with halothane and caffeine. The subject was subsequently employed in a factory that made fire extinguishers where one of his jobs consisted of discharging bromochlorodifluoromethane from fire extinguishers before refilling them. Although discharging was done in open air, some gas was commonly inhaled. Eighteen months after beginning this work, he was examined for complaints of malaise and stiffness and weakness in the forearms and hands. The symptoms progressively worsened during the week and improved the weekends. Serum creatine-kinase activity was 1056 IU/l on one Saturday and 544 IU/l the following Monday. Because of the similarity in structure between bromochlorodifluoromethane and halothane, the effects of the former on contractions of a muscle specimen were examined. Bromochlorodifluoromethane induced contractions identical to those of halothane. The patient was advised to change jobs. After he did so his symptoms immediately improved. It was concluded that the patient's rhabdomyolysis is due to recurring exposures to bromochlorodifluoromethane. They recommended that persons susceptible to malignant hyperthermia avoid exposure to similar halogenated hydrocarbons.|The potential for the fluorocarbon bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon-1211) to cause cardiovascular effects was assessed. Ten men, recruited from an ongoing screening program for firefighters, were exposed to 1000 ppm Halon-1211 or a placebo by a mask inhalation system during three 10 to 16 minute exercise protocols and their 5 minute rest periods. Measurements of carboxyhemoglobin and serum potassium levels were taken before the exposure sessions. The subjects completed a questionnaire pertaining to caffeine, alcohol, and cigarette consumption. Ventricular ectopy rates during exercise and recovery were low. Six of the ten subjects demonstrated two or fewer total ventricular premature beats during the exposure period and subsequent 8 hours during both halon and placebo sessions. Two subjects displayed increased ventricular ectopy during halon exposure but two had decreased ectopy rates. All subjects demonstrated an increase in blood pressure in response to the exercise protocol; eight of ten subjects exhibited a smaller elevation in systolic blood pressure during halon exposure. No significant differences were noted in arrhythmia or blood pressure effects in the first exposure compared with the second exposure. There was no evidence of a carry over effect. Blood pressure and measures of ectopy were not linked to recent fire fighting exposures, age, smoking status, resting blood pressure, potassium level, or carboxyhemoglobin levels. /It was/ concluded that currently permissible occupational exposures to halogenated hydrocarbons may increase cardiac arrhythmias in susceptible individuals.|A case of fatal accidental inhalation of bromochlorodifluoromethane was examined. Two Israeli soldiers serving as gunner and driver inside a battle tank extinguished a small fire ignited by an electrical short circuit 1.36 kg portable fire extinguishers containing bromochlorofluoromethane. Within a few seconds of releasing the contents of the fire extinguishers both soldiers experienced dizziness and shortness of breath. The gunner who was seated at the turret immediately left the tank and his symptoms disappeared within 60 seconds. A physical examination revealed no abnormalities. Blood samples analyzed 20 hours after the accident showed no methemoglobin, cyanide or bromochlorofluoromethane. The driver was unable to extricate himself from the tank and could not inhale fresh air since his compartment was isolated by closed hatches. He was taken out unconscious with no pulse or spontaneous breathing a few minutes after the fire was extinguished. He died within 2 hours despite intensive cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts. Brain edema with heavy congestion were seen at autopsy. The alveoli were suffused with heavy blood fluid. His blood contained 0.7% methemoglobin. Bromochlorofluoromethane was detected. No cyanide or carboxyhemoglobin was observed. A simulation experiment in an identical tank using the same type of fire extinguishers indicated that bromochlorofluoromethane concentrations reached 1.9% in the driver's compartment within one minute and 5.8% in the turret within 30 seconds. The concentrations gradually decreased to 0 over the next 5 minutes. /It was/ concluded that all personnel should be evacuated to the open air before bromochlorofluoromethane is used.|EXCESSIVE SKIN CONTACT WITH LIQ FLUOROCARBONS SHOULD BE MINIMIZED TO PREVENT DEFATTING OF SKIN ... /FLUOROCARBONS/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BROMOCHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

bromochlorodifluoromethane

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Drowsiness. Unconsciousness.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-: ACTIVE|THE BROMINE-CONTAINING FLUOROCARBONS OPERATE BY CHEMICAL INTERRUPTION OF THE COMBUSTION CHAIN, AND ARE USED IN TOTAL FLOODING SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTER ROOMS AND TELEPHONE FACILITIES, AS WELL AS AIRCRAFT AND PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS, INCLUDING USE ON THE AIR FORCE P-13 RAPID INTERVENTION CRASH TRUCKS. HALON EMERGES FROM THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER NOZZLE AS A MIXTURE OF 85 PERCENT LIQUID AND 15 PERCENT VAPOR AND IS DISCHARGED OVER LONG DISTANCES. IT COMPLETELY VAPORIZES UPON CONTACT WITH FIRE. /BROMINATED FLUOROCARBONS/|... /The use of chlorofluorocarbons for aerosol sprays/ was prohibited in 1979 except for a few specialized items, because of their depleting effect on stratospheric ozone. /Chlorofluorocarbons/

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING FLUOROCARBONS IN AIR IS DESCRIBED. CONCN IN AIR ARE DETERMINED DIRECTLY. /FLUOROCARBONS/|A GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING ATMOSPHERIC LEVELS OF FLUOROCARBONS IS DESCRIBED. COLUMN IS TEMP PROGRAMMED TO SEPARATE HALOGENATED COMPONENTS WHILE MAINTAINING SHORT RETENTION TIMES FOR EACH COMPONENT. FREON 113 INCL. /FLUOROCARBONS/|GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR MEASURING HALOCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR SAMPLES IS PRESENTED. /HALOCARBONS/|FLUOROCARBONS IN AIR OF WORKING AREA & IN EXHALED AIR CAN BE ANALYZED BY IR SPECTROMETRY. /FLUOROCARBONS/|GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD IS PRESENTED FOR FREONS. /FREONS/

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING FLUOROCARBONS IS DESCRIBED. CONCN IN BODY FLUIDS ARE DETERMINED BY MEANS OF HEAD SPACE ANALYSIS. /FLUOROCARBONS/|FLUOROCARBON DETERMINATION IN BLOOD: GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTION. /FLUOROCARBONS/