1-Chloronaphthalene

162.62

162.62

970836

201-967-3

K4OIF2EC56

1707

6166

3082

DTXSID2024791|DTXSID4051457

Oily liquid

29039990

0

4.2

1-chloronaphthalene is a clear colorless to amber oily viscous liquid. (NTP, 1992)

1.19382 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-2.5 °C

259.3 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

250 °F

1.631-1.633

H2O: insoluble . <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC;alcohol: soluble

2-8°C

0.05 hPa (20 °C)

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 5.6

Oral-Rat  LD50: 1540 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse  LD50:1091 mg/kg

Open flame, high temperature combustible; toxic chloride gas decomposed by high heat

/1-Chloronaphthalene/ gives water a sweetish, astringent taste, the perception threshold for which is higher than for odor. /Odor threshold (0.01 mg/L)/.

3.55e-04 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant= 0.000355 atm-cu m/mole @ 25 °C

Volatile with steam.

Insoluble in water.

Aryl Halides

1-CHLORONAPHTHALENE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992)

> 558 °C; 1036 °F|>558 °C

III

9

3082

2

22-36/37/38-51/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

26-36-61-37/39-29-36/37-45-16-7

QJ2100000

Xn,Xi,N,T,F

Treasury is ventilated at low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and food additives

Irritant

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P501

H302

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Recommendable method: Incineration. Peer-review: Ensure plentiful supply of hydrocarbon fuel. (Peer-review conclusions of an IRPTC expert consultation (May 1985))|Dissolve in a combustible solvent. Scatter the spray of the solvent into the furnace with afterburner and alkaline scrubber.

/1-chloronaphthalene/ is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 38 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 52 companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, and P501|P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P309+P311, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P405, and P501

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Wear butyl rubber gloves, protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus and protective boots.

Thermal stability ranking of hazardous organic compounds: rank 21 on a scale of 1 (highest stability) to 320 (lowest stability).

Fires involving /1-chloronaphthalene/ can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.|Water or foam may cause frothing.

First remove all sources of ignition. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.|Absorb the spills with paper towel or the like materials. Place in hood to evaporate. Dispose by burning the towel.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|Condenser impregnation and other operations involving melting of chloronaphthalene should be enclosed or provided with effective local exhaust ventilation. /chloronaphthalenes/|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

It is an irritant to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from strong oxidants. Ventilation along the floor. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C; on spraying or dispersing, however, much faster.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

The substance may have effects on the liver. This may result in impaired functions.

NO open flames.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

1-Chloronaphthalene was detected in the pyrolysis of polyvinylidene at concns of 10.3-47.2 ug/g(1). 1-Chloronaphthalene was identified, not quantified, in emissions from a hazardous waste incinerator(2). 1-Chloronaphthalene at concns of 22-24 ug/l were detected in wastewater effluents from two publicly owned waste treatment plants(3).

1-Chloronaphthalene was detected at concns of 40-100 ng/g in sediment from Cortiou Creek, near Marseilles, France(1).

moderately toxic

IDENTIFICATION: There are 75 possible congeners of chlorinated naphthalenes. Commercial products are generally mixtures of several congeners and range from thin liquids to hard waxes to high melting point solids. Their main uses have been in cable insulation, wood preservation, engine oil additives, electroplating masking compounds, capacitors and refractive index testing oils and as a feedstock for dye production. HUMAN EXPOSURE: The major sources of release of chlorinated naphthalenes into the environment are likely from waste incineration and disposal of items containing chlorinated naphthalenes to landfill. In the past, chlorinated naphthalene concn of up to 14.5 mg/cu m have been measured in the workplace, while levels of 25-2900 ng/cu m have been recorded in out door air in vicinity of manufacturing sites. More recently, monitoring studies have revealed chlorinated naphthalene concn up to 150 pg/cu m at semirural sites and 1-40 pg/cu m at remote sites. A single study on chlorinated tap water revealed 0.44 ng monochloronaphthalene/l. Chlorinated naphthalenes can be absorbed via oral, inhalative and dermal routes, with absorption and distribution over the whole body after oral admin. Chlorinated naphthalenes, especially the dioxin-like congeners, have been detected in adipose tissue, liver, blood and breast milk samples from the general population at concn in the ng/kg lipid range. Severe skin reactions (chloracne) and liver disease have been reported after occupational exposure to chlorinated naphthalenes. Chloracne was common among workers who handling chlorinated naphthalenes in the 1930's to 1940's. A cohort study on workers exposed to chlorinated naphthalenes at a cable manufacturing plant found an excess of deaths from cirrhosis of the liver. However, individuals with chloracne did not show a higher mortality due to liver cirrhosis compared with other workers. The mortality from all cancers was slightly but significantly elevated among all exposed men (standardized mortality ratio =1.18), but was not more elevated in the subcohort with chloracne. This subcohort showed statistically significant excess mortality from cancer of the esophagus and from benign and unspecified neoplasms. Symptoms described in workers exposed to chlorinated naphthalenes included irritation of the eyes, fatigue, headache, anemia, hematuria, impotency, anorexia, vomiting and severe abdominal pain. ANIMAL STUDIES: Chlorinated naphthalenes have been shown to be highly bioaccumulative in fish, but less so in shrimp and algae. The amount of bioaccumulation observed incr with the degree of chlorination of the chlorinated naphthalenes. The most highly chlorinated naphthalenes do not appear to bioaccumulate. Monochloronaphthalenes appear to be readily degradable by soil and water microorganisms under aerobic conditions. Chlorinated naphthalene concn in fish range up to a maximum of around 300 ug/kg lipid weight. Monitoring studies with seabird eggs have revealed a decr in chlorinated naphthalene levels between 1974 and 1987. Hydroxy metabolites have been identified mostly for the lower chlorinated naphthalenes (mono- to tetra-) in experimental animals. There are also preliminary indications for the occurrence of methylthio- or methyl sulfoxide chloronaphthalene metabolites in the feces of rats. Elimination of the parent compounds and/or metabolites occurs via feces and urine. The higher chlorinated congeners appeared to be more toxic than the lower chlorinated ones. Long term and carcinogenicity studies with chlorinated naphthalenes have not been performed. 1-Monochloronaphthalene was not mutagenic in the Salmonella Ames test. Like related cmpd, chlorinated naphthalenes have been demonstrated to be inducers of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) dependent microsomal enzymes. Chlorinated naphthalenes were also found to change lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats in a manner indicative of oxidative stress. At least some of the biological and toxic responses of chlorinated naphthalenes are believed to be mediated via the cytosolic Ah receptor, resembling those of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related cmpd. All chlorinated naphthalenes tested cause skin irritations in laboratory animals. Chlorinated napthalenes appear to be of moderate to high acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. /Chlorinated naphthalenes, Monochloronaphthalenes/

LD50 Rat oral 1540 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 1091 mg/kg|LD50 Guinea pig oral 2000 mg/kg

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Results from bioassays ...show that the monochloro-isomer is more acutely toxic than the octachloro-isomer for a freshwater plant, a freshwater invertebrate species, a freshwater vertebrate species, and saltwater species. /Monochloronaphthalene/|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Flow through, acute (96 hr) and early life stage (28 days after hatch) toxicity tests were performed on a saltwater fish, sheepshed minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus ). Chemical effects on survival, growth and development were determined. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration was 0.39-0.79 mg/l for 1-chloronaphthalene, with an application factor of 0.68. Test results were compared with results of static, acute toxicity tests conducted previously other aquatic organisms (alga, water flea, bluegill and mysid shrimp).

1-Chloronaphthalene's production and use as an immersion liquid for the determination of refractive indices of crystals, and as a solvent(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).|Trace amounts of 1-chloronaphthalene may be present in wastewater streams generated at sites of its industrial manufacture(1).|The investigators reported the detection of a large number of polychlorinated polynuclear aromatics, incl chlorinated naphthalenes, in flue gas samples from two coal-fired boilers and one municipal incinerator. Monochloronaphthalene, dichloronaphthalene & trichloronaphthalene were some of the major polychlorinated polynuclear aromatics cmpd emitted from the tested boilers.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3000(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloronaphthalene is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-chloronaphthalene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 3.55X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(3). However, adsorption to soil may attenuate this process. 1-Chloronaphthalene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.029 mm Hg(4). 1-Chloronaphthalene achieved 0% of its theoretical BOD in a screening test using sewage sludge(5); however, no biodegradation data were located for soil.|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3000(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloronaphthalene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 3.55X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 6 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 36 days if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), measured BCF values in the range of 142-403 measured in fish(7), suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Halogenated aromatics are generally resistant to aqueous environmental hydrolysis(3); therefore, 1-chloronaphthalene is not expected to hydrolyze in water(SRC). 1-Chloronaphthalene achieved 0% of its theoretical BOD in a screening test using sewage sludge(7); however, no biodegradation data were located for water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-chloronaphthalene, which has a vapor pressure of 0.029 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloronaphthalene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1 day(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Laboratory exposure of an aqueous solution of 1-chloronaphthalene to light > 290 nm resulted in a photodegradation rate of 26% after 20 hrs of exposure(4).|Atmospheric Dispersion: Because chloronaphthalenes are solids at ambient temperatures /except for 1-Chloronaphthalene/ the compounds /will be/ transported as finely divided particles ... /and/ ... therefore atmospheric dispersion from terrestial point sources would be a strictly local phenomenon. /Chloronaphthalenes/

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-chloronaphthalene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1 day at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Halogenated aromatics are generally resistant to aqueous environmental hydrolysis(2); therefore, 1-chloronaphthalene is not expected to hydrolyze in water(SRC). Hexane solutions of 1-chloronaphthalene absorb UV light above 290 nm(3) which suggests a potential for direct photolysis in sunlight(SRC). Laboratory exposure of an aqueous solution of 1-chloronaphthalene to light > 290 nm resulted in a photodegradation rate of 26% after 20 hrs of exposure(4); addition of inorganic salts to the solution decreased the photodegradation rate(4).

BCF values in the range of 142-338 were measured for carp exposed to 0.005 mg/l solutions of 1-chloronaphthalene during an 8 week incubation period. BCF values in the range of 142-403 were measured for carp exposed to 0.05 mg/l solutions of 1-chloronaphthalene during an 8 week incubation period. According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1-chloronaphthalene can be estimated to be 3000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-chloronaphthalene is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 1-chloronaphthalene is 3.55X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-chloronaphthalene is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6 days(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 36 days if adsorption is considered(3). 1-Chloronaphthalene's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur; however, adsorption may also attenuate this process(SRC). 1-Chloronaphthalene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.029 mm Hg(4).

1-Chloronaphthalene was detected in drinking water from Japan in 1983 and 1984 at concns of 0.03-0.44 ng/l(1). 1-Chloronaphthalene was detected in the Rhine River, Germany at a concn of 0.15 ug/l(2).|SURFACE WATER: A 1-chloronaphthalene concn of 0.15 ug/l was detected in surface water collected from the Rhine River in Germany in 1979(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 63 workers (none of these are female) are potentially exposed to 1-chloronaphthalene in the US(1) Occupational exposure to 1-chloronaphthalene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloronaphthalene is produced or used(SRC). A segment of the general population may be exposed to 1-chloronaphthalene via inhalation of ambient air in the vicinity of hazardous waste incinerators and publically owned waste treatment plants(SRC).

From studies on the metabolism of PCNs, it can be concluded that mono and dichloronaphthalenes (>80-90%) and tetrachloronaphthalenes (>45%) are well absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Higher chlorinated PCNs are less well absorbed, presumably very poorly absorbed ... .|In pigs 10 min after retrocarotid admin of 1-chloronaphthalene the blood concn was 5.1 ug/g & decreased with time. After admin of 2-chloronaphthalene, the concentration was similar to 1-chloronaphthalene. Its metabolite, 3-chloro-naphthol, was detected in blood. 6-hr after admin of the chlorinated naphthalenes, they were found in the brain, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, heart & fat with highest concn in brain & kidney. Fat concn of 2-chloronaphthalene was low (0.6 ug/g). Chloronaphthalenes are distributed in various organs & tissues whereas metabolites were concentrated in urine, bile, kidney & liver.

Yields s-(1-naphthyl)glutathione in rats ... in rabbits ... . /from table/|1-... /Chloronaphthalene is/ metabolized by pig to 4-chloro-1-naphthol... .|Alpha-chloronaphthalene was converted by pretreated liver microsomes in vitro to active int which formed covalent complexes with (35)sulfur labeled glutathione.|Metabolic pathway: 2-chloronaphthalene to d-8-chlor-1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene to 3-chlorosalicylic acid.|Most of the metabolites identified in urine and/or feces of rats, pigs, and frogs after treatment with monochloronaphthalenes were hydroxylated PCNs (phenolic and conjugated forms), with evidence for metabolism via arene oxide.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; headache, fatigue, vertigo and anorexia. Chloracne may develop after chronic exposure. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition this compound emits toxic fumes. It is an irritant to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Naphthalene and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's. Adequate hydration must be maintained to prevent renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria unless signs of cerebral or pulmonary edema are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Naphthalene and related compounds/|Maintain an open air way and assist ventilation if necessary. Treat coma and seizures if they occur. Treat hemolysis and resulting hemoglobinuria if they occur by intravenous hydration and urinary alkalinization. There is no specific antidote. Administer activated charcoal if available. Do not induce vomiting, because of the risk of lethargy and seizures. Do not administer milk, fats or oils, which may enhance absorption /Naphthalene/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptoms of exposure to /1-chloronaphthalene/ may include irritation of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; headache, fatigue, vertigo and anorexia. Chloracne may develop after chronic exposure.

1-chloronaphthalene

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

Cough.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Contains 2-chloronaphthalene, up to 10%.

Naphthalene, 1-chloro-: ACTIVE|SP - indicates a substance that is identified in a proposed Significant New Use Rule.|Koppers Co, Inc., the sole U.S. producer, ceased manufacturing their chloronaphthalene products (Halowax) in 1977.|1-chloronaphthalene & 2-chloronaphthalene are major components of Halowax 1031.|... Most of the commercial PCNs were complex mixtures of isomers and cogeners, although two products, namely monoPCN and Halowax 1051/N-Wax 80, contained primarily 1-chloronaphthalene and octachloronaphthalene, respectively. /Polychlorinated naphthalenes/

Determined in air samples by UV spectrophotometry.|GLC/MS.|Chloronaphthalenes are analyzed by GLC, HPLC, and TLC. /Chloronaphthalenes/|EPA Method 8120. Gas Chromatographic Method with an electron capture detector for the detection of ppb levels of certain chlorinated hydrocarbons including chlorinated naphthalene, not otherwise specified. in solid waste using the solvent flush technique. Under the prescribed conditions for chlorinated naphthalene, not otherwise specified the method detection limit is not given. Prcision and method accuracy were found to be directly related to the concentration of the parameter and essentially independent of the sample matrix. /Chlorinated naphthalene, not otherwise specified/|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for 1-CHLORONAPHTHALENE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.