Isophorone diisocyanate

222.24

222.28

2726467

223-861-6

43B0856528

0499

2290

DTXSID0023826

Colorless to slightly yellow liquid

29291090

58.86000

4.67

Clear colorless to slightly yellow Liquid

1.056 g/cm³

-60 °C

158 °C @ Press: 10 Torr

>230 °F

1.520

H2O: <0.1 g/100 mL at 25 ºC.Miscible with esters, ketones, ethers, and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

2-8°C

0.0004 hPa (20 °C)

Inhalation-rat LC50: 123 mg/m3/4 hours; oral-rat LD50: 2500 mg/kg

Open flame is flammable; high heat energy releases toxic nitrogen oxide vapor; toxic vapor can be released during polymerization

0.7-4.5%(V)

Pungent

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 8.82X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in water. This chemical may be sensitive to moisture.

Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates

Water-Reactive

ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE reacts with all substances containing active hydrogen atoms such as water, alcohols, phenols, amines, mercaptans, amides, urethanes and ureas. (NTP, 1992)

430 °C

Class IIIB Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 200°F.

III

6.1

UN 2290 6.1/PG 3

2

23-36/37/38-42/43-51/53-22

26-28-38-45-61

NQ9370000

T,N

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from water-containing items, alcohols and amines

Explosive when mixed with air

Reacts with all substances containing active hydrogen, such as acids, amines, water, phenols, mercaptans, amides, urea. Probably moisture sensitive.

P260-P280-P284-P304 + P340 + P310-P342 + P311-P403 + P233

H315-H317-H319-H330-H334-H335-H411

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Reacts with all substances containing active hydrogen atoms such as water, alcohols, phenols, amines, mercaptans, amides, urethanes, and ureas.

When heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides. (EPA, 1998)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.|Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P272, P273, P280, P285, P302+P352, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P311, P312, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H315 (96.64%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P260, P261, P264, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P285, P302+P352, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P320, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1043 companies from 29 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P285, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P285, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P314, P320, P321, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premise. Provide: Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2016)|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantitiy or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench faciliity depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.]|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 0.05 ppm: [Table#5882]|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

A flammable liquid.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 0.7-4.5

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.|Where there is a fire involving isocyanates, carbon dioxide or powder extinguishers must be employed. Firemen must be equipped with self-contained breathing apparatus. /Isocyanates/

Decontamination of spilled isocyanates and disposal of isocyanate waste are best conducted by using aqueous ammonia (3-8% concentrated ammonia solution in 90-95% water with 0.2-5% liquid detergent) or aqueous sodium carbonate (5-10% sodium carbonate in 90-95% water and 0.2-5% liquid detergent). An alcoholic solution (50% ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or butanol; 45% water; and 5% concentrated ammonia) may be preferred because of the low miscibility of isocyanates with water. /Isocyanates/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Irritation /to/ eyes, skin, respiratory system.

Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 0.005 ppm; STEL 0.02 ppm, skin designation, is still enforced in some states.

Recommended Exposure Limits: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 0.005 ppm (0.045 mg/cu m), skin|Recommended Exposure Limits: 15 Minute Short-Term Exposure Limit: 0.02 ppm (0.180 mg/cu m), skin

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking liquid in covered containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Treat remaining liquid with a mixture of ammonia (4-8%), detergent (2%), and water. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Separated from bases, acids, alcohols, amines, amides, phenols, mercaptans and food and feedstuffs. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Well closed. Cool. Dry. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C on spraying.

The substance is corrosive to the skin. The substance is severely irritating to the eyes. The aerosol is irritating to the respiratory tract.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma.

NO open flames.

AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use closed system.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Isophorone diisocyanate is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 lbs.

moderately toxic

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Isophorone diisocyanate is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent odor. It is completely miscible with esters, ketones, ethers, and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. This chemical is used in the production of polyurethanes with high stability; raw material for polyurethane paints, varnishes, and elastomers, industrial coating applications, electrostatic powder coatings, and one pack polyurethane enamels. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Human volunteers exposed to aerosol of isophorone diisocyanate exhibited irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose; as concentrations increased strong irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and breathing passages was observed. Strong mucous membrane irritation causes eye, pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Contact dermatitis, both irritant and allergic forms, have been observed in individuals exposed to isocyanates. Isocyanate induced asthma and sensitization will exhibit traditional symptoms of acute airway obstruction, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, tightness of the chest and nocturnal awakening. Asthma reactions may result. Isocyanate induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis symptoms are flu like including shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, fevers, chills, sweats, malaise and nausea. Irreversible decrease in pulmonary function and the development of interstitial fibrosis may result. Exposure to high doses of isocyanates may produce fatal pulmonary edema or catarrh. Occupational asthma has been associated with isophorone diisocyanate exposure in the workplace and may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isophorone diisocyanate is produced or used. Cross sensitivity can occur between isophorone diamine and isophorone diisocyanate which are chemically related in workers. ANIMAL STUDIES: Isophorone diisocyanate applied epicutaneously (non-occluded) to intact skin of guinea pigs showed contact skin sensitization evident at the initial challenge and negligible upon rechallenge. Rats exposed to isophorone diisocyanate by inhalation had nonspecific irritation, gasping vasodilation; brown staining of the fur of the snout and head, noisy respiration; loss of body weight and depression of food and water consumption on day of exposure; mild subpleural congestion. Isophorone diisocyanate induced significant contact dermatitis in female mice.

LD50 Rat oral greater than 1000 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 123 mg/cu m/4 hr|LD50 Mice oral greater than 2500 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 33 mg/cu m/4 hr/day for 5 days|LD50 Rat skin 1060 mg/kg

... Isophorone diisocyanate ... was selected for evaluation as a sensitizing agent for contact hypersensitivity in mice. ... Primary irritancy studies indicated that 1.0% isophorone diisocyanate was the minimum irritating concentration and treatment with 3.0% isophorone diisocyanate resulted in an irritation response nearly twice as great as 1.0%. Female B6C3F1 mice were sensitized dermally to either 0, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 1.0% solutions of isophorone diisocyanate daily for 5 consecutive days and challenged 7 days later with a 3.0% solution. A 0.5% solution of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene ... was used as a positive control. Site preparation included dermabrasion as well as intradermal injection of Freund's complete adjuvant in some mice. Mice were divided into 10 treatment groups of 8 mice/group ... . The irritancy response was determined by monitoring the extravasation of 125I-bovine serum albumin into the treated area. The contact hypersensitivity response was determined by monitoring the infiltration of 125I-iododeoxyuridine labeled cells into the challenge site. ... There were no treatment-related effects on survival or body weights. Hypersensitivity responses as determined using the radioisotope procedure. A statistically significant hypersensitivity response was elicited in mice using a sensitizing concentration of 1.0% and a challenge concentration of 3.0%, with or without pretreatment with Freund's complete adjuvant ... . The positive control ... produced a statistically significant contact hypersensitivity response at a sensitizing and challenge concentration of 0.5% 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. ... Under these experimental conditions, a contact hypersensitivity response to isophorone diisocyanate was observed in mice whether or not the site of sensitization was prepared using Freund's complete adjuvant.

Isophorone diisocyanate's production and use in the synthesis of polyurethanes(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Isocyanates hydrolyze rapidly in water(1); therefore, soil mobility, biodegradation, and volatilization of isophorone diisocyanate in moist soil are not expected to be important environmental fate processes(SRC). Volatilization of isophorone diisocyanate from dry soils is not expected based on a vapor pressure of 3.0X10-4 mm Hg at 20 °C(2).|AQUATIC FATE: Since isocyanates hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) biodegradation, aquatic bioconcentration, volatilization, and adsorption to sediment of isophorone diisocyanate are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isophorone diisocyanate, which has a vapor pressure of 3.0X10-4 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isophorone diisocyanate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Since isocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate hydrolyze readily with water(4), atmospheric degradation may occur through contact with clouds, fog or rain(SRC). Isophorone diisocyanate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5), and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Isocyanates hydrolyze readily in water to yield a carbamic acid, which decarboxylates to produce CO2 and an amine; the latter immediately reacts with more isocyanate to yield a disubstituted urea. The hydrolysis rate increases with electron-withdrawing substituents. Steric hindrance also influences hydrolysis rate; aliphatic isocyanate rates are: primary > secondary > tertiary(1). Isophorone diisocyanate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2), and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Isocyanates, such as isophorone diisocyanate, are hydrolyzed rapidly by water(1), indicating that bioconcentration is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

Isocyanates, such as isophorone diisocyanate, are hydrolyzed rapidly by water(1), indicating that adsorption is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

Isocyanates, such as isophorone diisocyanate, are hydrolyzed rapidly by water(1), indicating that volatilization is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of isophorone diisocyanate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|Occupational exposure to isophorone diisocyanate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isophorone diisocyanate is produced or used. (SRC)

An isocyanate generation apparatus was developed and stable isocyanate atmospheres were obtained. At a concentration of 5 ug 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) per cu m the precision was found to be 7% (n = 5). Three volunteers were each exposed to three different concentrations of HDI (11.9, 20.5, and 22.1 ug/cu m) and three concentrations of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (12.1, 17.7, and 50.7 ug/cu m), in an exposure chamber. The duration of the exposure was 2 hr. Urine and blood samples were collected, and hydrolysed under alkaline conditions to the HDI and IPDI corresponding amines, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA) and isophorone diamine (IPDA), determined as their pentafluoropropionic anhydride amides (HDA-PFPA and IPDA-PFPA). The HDA- and IPDA-PFPA derivatives were analysed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with thermospray monitoring negative ions. When working up samples from the exposed persons without hydrolysis, no HDA or IPDA was seen. The average urinary excretion of the corresponding amine was 39% for HDI and 27% for IPDI. An association between the estimated inhaled dose and the total excreted amount was seen. The average urinary elimination half-time for HDA was 2.5 hr and for IPDA, 2.8 hr. The hydrolysis condition giving the highest yield of HDA and IPDA in urine was found to be hydrolysis with 3 M sodium hydroxide during 4 hr. No HDA or IPDA could be found in hydrolysed plasma (< ca 0.1 ug/L).

Three volunteers were each exposed to ... three concentrations of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (12.1, 17.7, and 50.7 ug/cu m), in an exposure chamber. The duration of the exposure was 2 hr. ... The average urinary elimination half-time ... for IPDA, 2.8 hr.

This material is highly toxic by inhalation and moderately toxic through the skin. (Non-Specific -- Isocyanates) People with skin or respiratory problems should avoid exposure. (EPA, 1998)

Signs and Symptoms of Isophorone Diisocyanate Exposure: Signs and symptoms of isophorone diisocyanate exposure include the following: itching skin, skin rashes, tearing of the eyes, inflammation of nasal mucous membrane, and respiratory irritation. Gastrointestinal irritation may also occur. Difficulty in breathing and skin rash may be observed upon re-exposure. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to isophorone diisocyanate may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to isophorone diisocyanate. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to isophorone diisocyanate. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning. 3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims. Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask. Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 6. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Isocyanates, aliphatic thiocyanates, and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Isocyanates, aliphatic thiocyanates, and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Isocyanates, aliphatic thiocyanates, and related compounds/|Emergency and supportive measures: After acute high-intensity inhalation exposure, maintain on open airway, give bronchodilators as needed for wheezing, and observe for 8-12 hours for pulmonary edema. Once airway hyperactivity has been documented, further exposure to isocyanate is contraindicated. Involve public health or OSHA agencies to determine whether other workers are at increased risk through improper workplace controls. /Isocyanates/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Human volunteers were exposed/ to aerosol isophorone diisocyanate for 1 to 5 minutes. Symptoms: 0.00025 mg/L just perceptible; 0.00064 mg/L slight irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose; 0.00137 mg/L strong irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and the breathing passages, intolerable.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Two workers who were allergic to isophorone diamine and two volunteers who had been sensitized to isophorone diamine were patch tested 1 month later with isophorone diisocyanate (1% in ethanol); the ... /patches/ were removed at 48 hours and read at 48 and 96 hours. They were strongly positive in the 4 patients. Five adult volunteers were patch tested with isophorone diisocyanate; none of the control subjects was positive. Cross-sensitivity can occur between isophorone diamine and isophorone diisocyanate which are chemically related but used in entirely different industrial processes.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ An isocyanate generation apparatus was developed and stable isocyanate atmospheres were obtained. At a concentration of 5 ug 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) per cu m the precision was found to be 7% (n = 5). Three volunteers were each exposed to three different concentrations of HDI (11.9, 20.5, and 22.1 ug/cu m) and three concentrations of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (12.1, 17.7, and 50.7 ug/cu m), in an exposure chamber. The duration of the exposure was 2 hr. Urine and blood samples were collected, and hydrolysed under alkaline conditions to the HDI and IPDI corresponding amines, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA) and isophorone diamine (IPDA), determined as their pentafluoropropionic anhydride amides (HDA-PFPA and IPDA-PFPA). The HDA- and IPDA-PFPA derivatives were analysed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with thermospray monitoring negative ions. When working up samples from the exposed persons without hydrolysis, no HDA or IPDA was seen. The average urinary excretion of the corresponding amine was 39% for HDI and 27% for IPDI. An association between the estimated inhaled dose and the total excreted amount was seen. The average urinary elimination half-time for HDA was 2.5 hr and for IPDA, 2.8 hr. The hydrolysis condition giving the highest yield of HDA and IPDA in urine was found to be hydrolysis with 3 M sodium hydroxide during 4 hr. No HDA or IPDA could be found in hydrolysed plasma (< ca 0.1 ug/L).|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Sera of six workers with conclusive evidence for IgE-mediated sensitization to isocyanates were used for evaluation of immunologic cross-reactivities among eight different isocyanate-protein conjugates. In all cases RAST and/or skin-test investigations revealed the presence of IgE antibodies reacting specifically with HSA conjugated with those isocyanates to which workers were exposed as well as with other isocyanates with which they had not been in contact. By the RAST inhibition technique, moderate to strong mutual cross-reactivities between all tested isocyanate-HSA conjugates--even between aromatic and aliphatic ones--could be demonstrated in tests with five sera. The magnitudes of cross-reactivities differed, however, from one patient to another. One serum contained IgE antibodies that were almost completely specific to TDI-HSA; with this serum only weak cross-reactivities with other isocyanate conjugates could be demonstrated. These results indicate the predominance of closely related antigenic determinants in HSA conjugated with different isocyanates. The common antibody-binding regions are obviously recognized to different extents by antibodies of clinically sensitized workers, indicating individual differences in specificities and avidities of antibody populations. Nearly complete lack of IgE binding of ovalbumin-bound TDI in RAST and RAST inhibition indicates carrier-specific antigenicity of isocyanate-protein conjugates. In addition, since unmodified HSA did not bind IgE, antigenic determinants of the conjugates studied should be predominantly formed by the isocyanate-protein bond regions and concurrently by neighboring amino acid residues of the HSA molecule. /Isocyanates/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

isophorone diisocyanate

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and through the skin.|inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; chest tightness, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), cough, sore throat; bronchitis, wheezing, pulmonary edema; possible resp sensitization, asthma

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation.

Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Adhesive manufacturing|Cyclohexane, 5-isocyanato-1-(isocyanatomethyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-: ACTIVE|The product is often used with the isocyanate groups blocked.

Method: NIOSH 5525, Issue 1; Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet/fluorecence detection; Analyte: isophorone diisocyanate (MAP derivatives of isocyanate); Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.2 nmole NCO per sample.|Method: OSHA PV2034; Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet or fluorescence detector; Analyte: isophorone diisocyanate; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.3 ug/cu m.

Fire Hazards -> Reactive - 1st degree