Uranyl acetate

388.11600

388.06700

208-767-5

2910|3077

DTXSID3060243

2918300090

86.74000

-0.21000

Uranyl acetate appears as yellow crystals with a slight odor of vinegar. Density 2.89 g / cm3.

2.89 at 68° F (USCG, 1999)

110°C

117.1ºC at 760mmHg

40ºC

Vinegar-like odor

Yellow crystalline powder; slight acetic odor; freely soluble in water acidulated with acetic acid; soluble in 10 parts of water, usually incompletely, due to the presence of the basic salt /Dihydrate/|Yellow crystals; slightly soluble in alcohol /Dihydrate/|Green-yellow fluorescence /uranyl ion/|Green tetravalent uranium and yellow uranyl ion (uranium dioxide(2+)) are the only species which are stable in soln. /Uranium/|In the dry state, uranium forms cmpd of valence (3+), (4+), (5+), or (6+); in aq media (3+) and (5+) are unstable; (3+) readily oxidizes and (5+) disproportionates to (4+) and (6+), the latter of which is the most stable form and exists as the oxygen-containing cation (2+) uranium dioxide (uranyl) in acid soln and in the body.

Water soluble, reacting to give a milky solution. The reaction is not hazardous.

Salts, Acidic

Radioactive Material

URANYL ACETATE reacts weakly as an acid. Usually does not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. May catalyze organic reactions.

III

7

UN 2912

P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501

H301

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Disposal of ... wastes /containing uranium/ should follow guidelines set forth by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. /Uranium & cmpd/

DHHS/ATSDR; Toxicological Profile for Uranium PB/99/163362 (1999)|Wrenn M et al; The Potential Toxicity of Uranium in Water (1987)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 161 [Radioactive Materials (Low Level Radiation)]: Some of these materials may burn, but most do not ignite readily. Many have cardboard outer packaging; content (physically large or small) can be of many different physical forms. Radioactivity does not change flammability or other properties of materials. (ERG, 2016)

|Danger|H300+H330 (92.68%): Fatal if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]|P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 41 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 161 [Radioactive Materials (Low Level Radiation)]: Presence of radioactive material will not influence the fire control processes and should not influence selection of techniques. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Do not move damaged packages; move undamaged packages out of fire zone. SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog (flooding amounts). (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 161 [Radioactive Materials (Low Level Radiation)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 25 meters (75 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 100 meters (330 feet). FIRE: When a large quantity of this material is involved in a major fire, consider an initial evacuation distance of 300 meters (1000 feet) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 161 [Radioactive Materials (Low Level Radiation)]: Do not touch damaged packages or spilled material. Cover liquid spill with sand, earth or other non-combustible absorbent material. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. (ERG, 2016)

Approved dust respirator; goggles or face shield; protective clothing (USCG, 1999)|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. (Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.) /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for URANYL ACETATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Finely divided U metal and some U compounds may ignite spontaneously in air or oxygen. /Uranium compounds/

1. Ventilate area of spill. 2. Collect spilled material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers for reclamation ... Liquid containing soluble uranium compound should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or similar material. /Soluble and insoluble uranium compound, as uranium/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift, and prior to eating, drinking, smoking, etc. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for URANYL ACETATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Dust: Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat. Solid: Irritating to skin and eyes. /Uranyl acetate dihydrate/|Soluble compounds of uranium as dust or mist are respiratory irritants. ... /Soluble uranium compounds (as uranium)/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

NIOSH considers uranium (soluble compounds, as U) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

The hypothesis that is being tested in the current work is that hexavalent uranium, as uranyl ion, may have a chemical genotoxicity similar to that of hexavalent chromium. In the current study, reactions of uranyl acetate (UA) and ascorbate (vitamin C) were observed to produce plasmid relaxation in pBluescript DNA. DNA strand breaks increased with increasing concentrations of a 1:1 reaction of UA and ascorbate but were not affected by increasing the ratio of ascorbate. Plasmid relaxation was inhibited by coincubation of reactions with catalase but not by coincubation with the radical scavengers mannitol, sodium azide, or 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide. Reactions of UA and ascorbate monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy showed formation of a uranyl ascorbate complex, with no evidence of a dehydroascorbate product. ... Current results, in the absence of added hydrogen peroxide, were not completely consistent with the interpretation that strand breaks were produced by a Fenton type generation of reactive oxygen species. Data were also consistent with the interpretation that a uranyl ascorbate complex was catalyzing hydrolysis of the DNA-phosphate backbone, in a manner similar to that known for the lanthanides. These data suggest that uranium may be directly genotoxic and may, like chromium, react with DNA by more than one pathway.|ORAL ADMIN OF 200 MG/KG ACETAZOLAMIDE 6 TIMES ON ALTERNATE DAYS, OR 10 MG/KG SODIUM DIETHYLBARBITUATE DAILY FOR 12 DAYS, TO RATS RECEIVING 2 OR 7 MG/KG URANYL ACETATE, DISTRIBUTED OVER 12 DAILY IP INJECTIONS, EQUALLY PROTECTED KIDNEY TISSUE FROM URANIUM POISONING.|Studies were performed to examine the effect of saline loading on uranium induced acute renal failure in rats. Forty-eight hr aftr the iv injection of uranyl acetate (5 mg/kg), insulin clearance rate decr to approx 43% of the control value in water drinking rats (p< 0.005). Animals receiving continuous isotonic saline infusion following uranyl acetate showed higher urine flow and insulin clearance rate (60% of control, p< 0.01), and lessened intratubular cast formation when compared with water drinking acute renal failure rats. A short term saline infusion following uranyl acetate did not attenuate the decline in insulin clearance rate (43% of control). An inverse relationship was found between insulin clearance rate and the number of casts (r= -0.75, p< 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that standardized partial regression coefficient is statistically significant between insulin clearance rate and cast formation (-0.69, p< 0.05), but not between insulin clearance rate and tubular necrosis (-0.07, p> 0.05). ... No significant differences were found in urinary uranium excretion between water drinking and saline infused acute renal failure rats. The findings suggest that continous saline infusion following uranyl acetate attenuates the decline in insulin clearance rate in acute renal failure rats; and that this beneficial effect of saline loading is associated with lessened cast formation rather than with suppressed renin-angiotension activity or enhanced urinary uranium excretion.|Tiron (4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate), has been found to be an effective agent in increasing uranium excretion and in reducing the concentration of the metal in several tissues. To evaluate whether Tiron could ameliorate the developmentally toxic effects of uranium, a series of 4 Tiron injections was administered ip to pregnant Swiss mice after a single sc injection of 4 mg/kg of uranyl acetate dihydrate given on day 10 of gestation and at 24, 48, and 72 hr thereafter ... Gestational day 10 was found to be the most sensitive time for uranium-induced developmental toxicity in mice. Tiron effectiveness was assessed at 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg/day. Although amelioration by Tiron of uranium-induced embryolethality was not noted at the 2 lower doses, treatment with 1500 mg Tiron/kg/day showed isolated protective effects against uranium fetotoxicity, as evidenced by a lack of differences in fetal body weight between this group and the uranium-untreated group, as well as by a decrease in the number of skeletal defects. However, according to these results, Tiron would offer only modest encouragement with regard to its possible therapeutic potential for pregnant women exposed to uranium. /Uranyl acetate dihydrate/

LD50 Mouse ip 24 mg/kg|LD50 Rat parenteral 8.3 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse parenteral 20.4 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 204 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 242 mg/kg

Populations susceptible to uranium toxicosis would include people with impaired renal function. People with stomach ulcers are thought to have elevated absorption of some toxic metals and might be unusually susceptible to uranium toxicity.|Humans who excrete acidic urine may be more sensitive to uranium-induced kidney injury.

Uranyl acetate's production and use in solar batteries and in analytical chemistry(1), may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Uranium compounds use in the production of nuclear fuel, compass components, x-ray agents, and in nuclear weapons may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Emissions of uranium compounds may also occur during mining and processing operations. Uranium never occurs naturally in its elemental state but rather is always combined with other elements in about 150 known minerals. Uranium compounds are expected to exist in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Uranium compounds in the particulate-phase will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. (SRC)

Uranyl acetate is decomposed by light(1).

Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS. (See all compounds classified as Coloring Agents.)

Sol compounds are highly transportable from lung to other parts of the body; these include uranium hexafluoride, uranyl nitrate, uranyl chloride, uranyl fluoride, & uranyl acetates, sulfates & carbonates. Moderately transportable compounds include uranium tetrafluoride, uranium dioxide /&/ tetraoxide ... Insoluble, slightly transportable compounds include high-fired uranium dioxide, triuranium octoxide, & uranium hydrides & carbides. /Uranium compounds/|For rabbits fed an oat diet, the urinary pH dropped to 4.2 from 7.6 and the urinary excretion of intravenously injected uranyl acetate (3 mg/kg) dropped to 7% in 3 hr from 21% for rabbits infused with saline. For rabbits infused with 0.87% sodium bicarbonate, 81% was excreted in the same time period. The kidney content resulting from these three regimes was 65, 25, and 4 ug uranium/g wet tissue, and prompt bicarbonate infusion resulted in a roughly six-fold reduction in the uranium content of the kidney. Thus, the amount of uranium deposited in the kidney depends most importantly on the amount of uranium introduced to the blood, the amount of complexing agents circulating, the acidity of the urine, and the glomerular filtration rate.|GI absorption of small doses of soluble uranyl salts in mammals is about 10%; insoluble salts are poorly absorbed. Absorption of uranium salts from sites of im injection and from peritoneal cavity is poor. ... Soluble uranyl salts are also absorbed through skin. Following inhalation the absorption of uranium salts from the lung tissues into blood depends upon ... solubility and particle size. /Soluble uranyl salts/|In acute human exposure situations, uranium deposits in the kidney are eliminated with a half-time of 2 to 6 days. Inhaled soluble uranium salts that reach the alveoli are almost completely absorbed and then cleared rapidly to the urine, kidneys, and bone, with none left in the lungs by 30 days. /Soluble uranium compounds/|... Studies /had been done on/ the retention of uranium in bone tissue of beagle dogs after iv injection of 0.3 mg U(VI)/kg body weight. Of the injected dose, 7.7% was retained in the bone tissue, from where it was eliminated with an average half-life of two-and-a-half yr. Elimination varied for different parts of the skeleton from less than a year to no detectable elimination. The longest half-time was seen in cortical bone tissue. /Hexavalent uranium/

The biologic half times of soluble uranium compounds (e.g., uranium hexafluoride, uranyl fluoride, uranium tetrachloride, uranyl nitrate hexahydrate) are estimated in days or weeks. Those of the less soluble compounds (e.g., uranium tetrafluoride, uranium dioxide, triuranium octaoxide) are estimated in years. /Soluble uranium compounds/

Approximately 60% of uranium absorbed into the blood is transported in the form of a bicarbonate complex, and 40% is bound to plasma proteins. The uranyl-bicarbonate complex is filtered out of the blood by the renal glomerulus and is passed into the tubules. The pH of urine decreases in the tubules, resulting in dissociation of the complex and release of the reactive uranyl ion. Nephrotoxicity results primarily from damage to the tubular epithelium, which allows leakage of glucose, protein, aminoacids, and enzymes into the urine. In high doses (more than 6 mg uranium/kg), glomerular damage may also occur, causing decreased renal blood flow and a decreased glomerular filtration rate. The kidney responds to toxic levels of uranium within 24-48 hr after exposure. The changes become progressively more severe over approximately a 5 day period. The damaged tubular epithelium regenerates quickly as the uranium concentration is reduced. /Soluble uranium compounds/|Compared to other heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, and mercury ... uranium's nephrotoxic effect is less intense. Although the nephrotoxicity of uranium is attributed primarily to its metallotoxicity (chemical toxicity), some authors have discussed that renal damage from exposure to high-LET alpha-emitting heavy metals, like uranium, is derived from combined chemical and radiotoxic effect. /Uranium NOS/

Inhalation of dust may irritate nose and throat. Contact with eyes causes irritation. (USCG, 1999)

Get medical attention after all exposures to this compound. INHALATION: move to fresh air. INGESTION: give large amount of water; induce vomiting. EYES: flush with water for at least 15 min. SKIN: flush with water. (USCG, 1999)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... Perform routine emergency care for associated injuries. For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously during transport ... Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a good gag reflex, and does not drool ... Perform routine BLS care as necessary. /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... Start an IV with lactated Ringer's to support vital signs. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... Perform routine advanced life support care as needed. Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Decontamination. 1. Exposure to particle-emitting solids or liquids. The victim is potentially highly contaminating to rescuers, transport vehicles, and attending health personnel. 1. Remove victims from exposure, and if their conditions permit, remove all contaminated clothing and wash the victims with soap and water. b. All clothing and cleansing water must be saved, evaluated for radioactivity, and properly disposed of. c. Rescuers should wear protective clothing and respiratory gear to avoid contamination. At the hospital, measures must be taken to prevent contamination of facilities and personnel. d. Induce vomiting or perform gastric lavage if radioactive material has been ingested. Administer activated charcoal, although its effectiveness is unknown. Certain other adsorbent materials may also be effective. e. Contact Radiation Emergency Assistance Center & Training Site (REAC/TS/: telephone (865) 576-3131 or (865) 481-1000)/ and the state radiologic health department for further advice. In some exposures, unusually aggressive steps may be needed (eg, lung lavage for significant inhalation of plutonium). 2. Electromagnetic radiation exposure. The patient is not radioactive and does not pose a contamination threat. There is no need for decontamination once the patient has been removed from the source of exposure, unless electromagnetic radiation emitter fragments are embedded in body tissues. /Radiation (Ionizing)/|Monitoring of accidental uranium exposures and its effects on the kidney is accomplished by measurement of the uranium excreted in the urine and abnormalities in the clinical urinalyses . Glucose and albumin in urine are among the most sensitive indicators of kidney damage. ...Urinary excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase /has been found/ to be the most sensitive indicator. These various indicators of renal injury can be assessed within a few hours of exposure to dose levels of at least 0.1 mg of uranium/kg. /Uranium compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for URANYL ACETATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The high chemical toxicity of uranium and its salts is largely shown in kidney damage, which may not be reversible. Acute arterial lesions may occur after acute exposures. /Uranium and salts/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ For sol uranium cmpd: lacrimation, conjunctivitis; short breath, coughing, chest rales; nausea, vomiting; skin burns ... albuminuria, lymphatic cancer. /Sol uranium cmpd/|/CASE REPORTS/ /KIDNEY/ In one human case report study, a male (no age or weight given), was admitted to hospital following the deliberate ingestion of 15 g of uranyl acetate, along with an unknown quantity of benzodiazepine, in a failed suicide attempt. While body weight was not reported, the dose would be approximately 131 mg uranium/kg for a 70 kg reference man. Initial blood chemistry was normal; however, 16 hours after admission, his blood urea levels had doubled and creatinine levels had increased 3.5-fold, which suggested renal damage. A diagnosis of acute nephrotoxicity from heavy metal exposure was made, and chelation therapy with Ca-EDTA, sodium bicarbonate, and mannitol was initiated. His plasma uranium on the day following commencement of chelation therapy was 3.24 umol/L, decreasing to 1.18 umol/L after 5 days of chelation and dialysis. Chelation therapy was then stopped; however, dialysis continued for 2 weeks at which point kidney function recovered sufficiently to allow withdrawal of dialysis therapy. The patient's anemia persisted over the next 8 weeks, along with persistent renal dysfunction. Additional chelation therapy was initiated with both Ca EDTA and Ca DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) without success. At 6 months following the initial toxic insult, the patient still suffered from an incomplete Fanconi syndrome (renal tubular acidosis) requiring supplemental sodium bicarbonate therapy on a daily basis. The authors suggested that pre-existing peptic ulcer disease in this patient may have exacerbated toxicity by increased absorption of uranium through the damaged stomach mucosal layer.|/CASE REPORTS/ /CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM/ One case report documented a cardiovascular effect that was possibly related to uranium exposure in a male admitted to the hospital following deliberate ingestion of 15 g of uranyl acetate, along with an unknown quantity of benzodiazepine, in a failed suicide attempt. While body weight was not reported, the dose would be approximately 131 mg U/kg for a 70 kg reference man. Initial blood chemistry was unremarkable, and decreased cardiac output was consistent with ingestion of benzodiazepam. The patient was reported to have suffered from myocarditis resulting from the uranium ingestion, resolving 6 months after the ingestion. ... The patient /also/ suffered from increasing rhabdomyolysis (biochemically characterized by increased creatine kinase). At 6 months following the initial toxic insult, the rhabdomyolysis had resolved, and the subject showed no residual signs of muscle toxicity|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ There are two hazards connected with exposure to uranium compounds: the renal damage caused by the chemical toxicity of soluble uranium compound, and the injury caused by the ionizing radiation resulting from the disintegration of uranium isotopes. Which of these two hazards will be limiting factor for exposure to uranium compounds depends on the solubility of the compound, its route of administration and its isotope composition. The isotope most dangerous from the point of view of radiation, 235-uranium comprises <1% of natural uranium, but is enriched during the production of nuclear fuels. Higher fractions of 235-uranium increase the irradiation risk. As retention time in the body is the important factor for the radiological damage, exposure to insoluble particles that are deposited and retained in lung for long time constitues a radiological hazard. ...Chemical toxicity... will be the limiting factor after exposure to soluble uranium compounds, when large quantities of the element will pass through the kidney. /Soluble uranium compounds/

uranaffin reactant

Grades of Purity: Commercial; Reagent /Dihydrate/|Grades of purity: ACS purity

Uranium, bis(acetato-.kappa.O)dioxo-, (T-4)-: ACTIVE|Uranium is a chemical hazard as well as a radiological hazard.