Trimellitic anhydride

192.12500

192.13

209-008-0

80T61EUU7H

0345

60252

DTXSID7026235

Crystals|Colorless solid

29173980

80.67000

0.69540

Crystals or off-white flakes. (NTP, 1992)

1.54

161-163.5 °C

390 °C

227ºC

1.662

Decomposes in water

Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.

<0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

6.6 (vs air)

LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 2730 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 23000 mg/kg

Combustible Solid

Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air.

Hydrolyzes in aqueous environment to trimellitic acid.|Hydrolysis rate constant of trimellitic anhydride at 25 °C using dimethylacetamide as a solvent: 1X10-4 L/mole-sec|Trimellitic anhydride reacts with acetic acid and water, and is hygroscopic.|Trimellitic anhydride reacts with atmospheric moisture, even at room temperature, to revert to the acid.|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Sensitive to moisture. Hydrolyzes slowly. Solutions in water or alcohol may be unstable. Insoluble in water.

Acids, Carboxylic

TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE reacts exothermically with water. This reaction is expected to be slow, but can become vigorous if local heating accelerates it. Reaction with water is accelerated by acids. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or strong bases. (NTP, 1992).

Combustible Solid

Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air. If dry, it can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport, pouring, etc.

106.2 kJ/mol at 200 °C; 100.4 kJ/mol at 300 °C

569 °C at 2968 kPa

NONH for all modes of transport

1

R37; R41; R42/43

S22-S26-S36/37/39

DC2050000

Xn

Dry. Separated from bases and strong oxidants. Ventilation along the floor.

Stable. Moisture sensitive.

P261-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P342 + P311

H317-H318-H334-H335

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Reacts violently with bases and oxidants. Reacts slowly with water to form trimellitic acid.

European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, Benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride (CAS No.552-30-7) (2000 CD-ROM edition). Contains information on usage patterns, toxicology, and ecological effects submitted by industry to the European Union. Available from the database query page: http://ecb.jrc.it/esis/esis.php as of August 28, 2006.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air.

|Danger|H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|P261, P271, P272, P280, P285, P302+P352, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1426 companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P280, P285, P302+P352, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P314, P321, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P405, and P501

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and protect it from moisture. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premise. (NIOSH, 2016)|Suggested procedures for minimizing occupational exposure to trimellitic anhydride are discussed. Measures for handling trimellitic anhydride, such as protective clothing & safety goggles are described.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Protective gloves. Safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection ... P3 filter respirator for toxic particles.|(See protection codes)

Combustible.

Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air.

Water spray, powder.

... If dry, it can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport, pouring, etc ... A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

Personal protection: P3 filter respirator for toxic particles. Sweep spilled substance into containers; if appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder.

Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.|Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, NOS (Trimellitic anhydride)/|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. /Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, NOS (Trimellitic anhydride)/|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, NOS (Trimellitic anhydride)/|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, NOS (Trimellitic anhydride)/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is irritating to the skin, the respiratory tract and is severely irritating to the eyes...

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/cu m). Should be handled in the workplace as an extremely toxic substance.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder.

Dry. Separated from bases and strong oxidants. Ventilation along the floor.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is severely irritating to the eyes. The substance is irritating to the skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of dust may cause asthma-like reactions.

Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma. The substance may cause allergic reactions with flu-like symptoms and 'pulmonary disease-anaemia syndrome'.

NO open flames. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent deposition of dust.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

... Ozone (3 ppm for 3 hr) caused an increase in -log PC300 at 1 hr after exposure, with return of -log PC300 to control levels at 8 hr. Ozone also increased baseline RL at 8 hr. trimellitic anhydride (TMA) challenge increase -log PC300 in TMA-sensitized guinea pigs at 8 hr after challenge from 3.85 +/- 0.09 to 4.11 +/- 0.09. Ozone exposure prior to TMA challenge prevented the induction of airway hyperresponsiveness with a mean -log PC300 of 3.51 +/- 0.20, which was not different from that of control TMA-sensitized group. Baseline lung resistance was significantly higher in ozone-pretreated animals after TMA challenge when compared to those of either control or challenged with TMA alone. Ozone had no effect on TMA challenge-induced BAL eosinophilia and neutrophilia.|... Before challenge, sensitized animals were pretreated iv with inhibitors of different mediators: pyrilamine (antihistamine: 2 mg/kg, indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor: 10 mg/kg), OKY-046 (thromboxane synthetase inhibitor: 30 mg/kg), ICI-198,615 (leukotriene receptor antagonist: 10-6 mol/kg), ketanserin (5-HT2 receptor antagonist: 1 mg/kg), or azelastine ("antiallergic agent": 1 mg/kg). Intratracheal instillation of trimellitic anhydride conjugated to guinea pig serum albumin (TMA-GPSA) induced a slowly progressing increase in lung resistance (RL) and produced extravasation of Evans blue dye at all airway levels in sensitized animals. Pyrilamine and azelastine abolished the increase in RL induced by TMA-GPSA until 2.5 min after the challenge. Indomethacin and OKY-046 significantly attenuated the increase in RL 3 min after the challenge. ICI-198,615 and ketanserin did not significantly affect the increase in RL. Extravasation of Evans blue dye induced by TMA-GPSA was decreased by pyrilamine, azelastine and ICI-198,615 in main bronchi and intrapulmonary airways. Indomethacin, OKY-046 and ketanserin did not significantly affect the extravasation of dye into the airway tissue.|... Both IgE and IgG anti-trimellitic anhydride antibodies started to rise between weeks 1 and 3 after immunisation, reached their highest levels 7 weeks after sensitisation with 3% of TMA and then started to decline. Betamethasone and cyclosporin A (CsA) given orally over the time of sensitisation (8 days in total) inhibited the development of specific IgE and IgG anti-TMA antibodies. Betamethasone given 10-17 days after sensitisation attenuated the IgE and IgG antibody responses as well while treatment with CsA after sensitisation had no effect on the production of specific antibodies. Levels of total IgE and IgG were not affected except for a small decrease in total IgE using medium-dose betamethasone after sensitisation.|... Guinea pigs pretreated with cobra venom factor (CVF) had significantly reduced amounts of complement component C3 in the lavage fluid 24 hours after trimellitic anhydride (TMA) conjugated to guinea pig serum albumin challenge. Pretreatment with CVF did not affect the immediate TMA-induced bronchoconstriction nor the TMA-induced microvascular leakage. In animals depleted of the complement system by pretreatment with CVF the TMA-induced increase in mononuclear cells, total white blood cells, red blood cells, and EPO activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage was significantly reduced.|... Exposure to 0.5 mg/cu m trimellitic anhydride produced hemorrhagic foci of the lung and increased antibody levels in rats treated for six hours/day, five days/week for two weeks ... Estrogen treatment reduced the number of lung foci in both male and female rats, while testosterone treatment had no effect.

LD50 Mouse oral 1900 mg/kg|LD50 Rat dermal 5.6 g/kg|LD50 Rat (female) oral 2030 mg/kg|LD50 Rat (male) oral 3340 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ No signs of toxicity were observed in Daphnia magna (water flea) exposed to TMA/TMLA nominal concentrations of 130, 220, 350, 600, or 1,000 mg/L for 48 hours under static conditions ... Based on measured concentrations, the 96 hr NOEC was > 792 mg/L.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ No signs of toxicity were observed in Scenedesmes subspicatus (green algae) exposed to TMA/TMLA nominal concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/L for 96 hours under static conditions ... Based on measured concentrations, the NOEC was > 739 mg/L.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ No signs of toxicity were observed in Leuciscus idus melanotus (Golden Orfe) exposed to TMA/TMLA nominal concentrations of 130, 220, 350, 600, or 1,000 mg/L for 96 hours under static conditions ... Based on measured concentrations the 96 hour NOEC > 896 mg/L.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Because TMA rapidly hydrolyzes to form trimellitic acid (TMLA) in water, following pH adjustment TMLA and sodium trimellitate salts are the actual form of the chemical evaluated in aquatic toxicity tests.

Trimellitic anhydride's production and use in the production of resins, adhesives, polymers, dyes(1) and as a chemical intermediate to make plasticizers(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(2) and 4.3X10-3/sec(3), respectively. Based upon this hydrolysis rate, trimellitic anhydride is expected to hydrolyze in moist soils(SRC). Volatilization from soil surfaces and adsorption to soil are not expected to be important processes because of hydrolysis(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(2) and 4.3X10-3/sec(3), respectively. Therefore, volatilization from water surfaces, adsorption to suspended solids and sediments, biodegradation, and bioconcentration of trimellitic anhydride are not expected to be important in aquatic systems based on hydrolysis(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), trimellitic anhydride, which has an extrapolated vapor pressure of 9.86X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase trimellitic anhydride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 20 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.97X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase trimellitic anhydride may be physically removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of trimellitic anhydride with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.97X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 20 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Trimellitic anhydride reacts with atmospheric moisture, even at room temperature, to revert to the acid(2). Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has an observed first-order hydrolysis rate constant of 4.29X10-4 /sec in a 60:40 (v/v) dioxan:water solution at 25 °C(3), this corresponds to half-life of about 27 minutes(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(4) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(5) and 4.3X10-3/sec(6), respectively.

Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(2) and 4.3X10-3/sec(3), respectively. Based upon this hydrolysis rate, trimellitic anhydride bioconcentration is not expected to be an important environmental fate process(SRC).

Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(2) and 4.3X10-3/sec(3), respectively. Based upon this hydrolysis rate, trimellitic anhydride adsorption to soil and leaching are not expected to be important processes(SRC).

Based on the structural similarities to phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride is expected to have a similar hydrolysis rate(SRC). Phthalic anhydride has been reported to hydrolyze rapidly in water(1) and estimated half-lives of approximately 1.5 minutes and 2.7 minutes were calculated(SRC) using reported observed rate constants of 7.9X10-3/sec(2) and 4.3X10-3/sec(3), respectively. Based upon this hydrolysis rate, trimellitic anhydride volatilization from water and soil surfaces are not expected to be important processes(SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 17,744 workers (5236 of these are female) are potentially exposed to trimellitic anhydride in the US(1). Occupational exposure to trimellitic anhydride may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where trimellitic anhydride is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to trimellitic anhydride via dermal contact with products containing trimellitic anhydride(SRC).

Personal breathing zone samples from two workers in a 55-gallon drum manufacturing plant had an 8 hour exposure to trimellitic anhydride of 3.6 mg/cu-m and 1.7 mg/cu-m(1).

Tissue concentration time-course data were collected for rats exposed to 0.95 mg/cu m trimellitic anhydride (TMA) for 45 min ... Animals were sacrificed 3 hr, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 days following exposure. In general, the highest tissue concentrations were obtained at the first time point (T-max<3 hr). A second T-max of eight days was reported for lung lymph nodes in male rats, suggesting a possible role in the gender differences observed for lung toxicity ...

... Biological half-lives /in rats/ ranging from 3 to 46 days were estimated ... Specific half-lives for trimellitic anhydride in the lungs were estimated to be 21 days in male rats and 16 days in female rats ... In lung associated lymph nodes, half-lives of 13 and 33 days were estimated for male and female rats, respectively ...

... Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and trimellitic acid (TMLA) are structurally similar ... Studies on stability of TMA in water suggest complete hydrolysis occurs in less than ten minutes. Since TMA rapidly forms TMLA under the conditions used to test its toxicity, the toxicities of TMA and TMLA are believed to be the same with a few exceptions. Specifically, the alergic symptoms (both respiratory and dermal sensitization) of TMA are directly attributable to the reaction of TMA with free amines within proteins to form haptens, which when present at sufficiently high levels in tissues can produce sensitization. TMLA does not react with proteins to form haptens ... In addition to the immunological differences, there may be some slight quantitative differences in reactions at the site of contact. While both materials cause slight irritation of the skin and are severe eye irritants, there appears to be a difference in the magnitude of response. This difference in the magnitude of irritation may be attributable to the heat of hydrolysis of the anhydride. With the exception of the immunological and site of contact effects, all other endpoints are expected to be the same.|Occupational inhalation of trimellitic anhydride (TMA) apparently results in an antibody response with specificity for unique new antigenic determinants which arise from the coupling of TMA with autologous resp tract proteins.|... Sensitization with trimellitic anhydride (TMA) led to decreased lung function parameters during and within 1 hr after challenge as compared to non-sensitized rats. Alveolar macrophages (AM) depletion alleviated the TMA-induced drop in lung function parameters and induced a faster recovery compared to sham-depleted TMA-sensitized rats. It also decreased the levels of serum IgE 24 hr after challenge, but did not affect the sensitization-dependent increase in lung lavage fluid IL-6 and tissue TNF-alpha levels. AM depletion augmented the TMA-induced tissue damage and inflammation 24 hr after challenge.|... In the TNF-alpha knockout TNF-alpha-/- (B6;129S-Tnftm1Gk1) mice, the repetition of the trimellitic anhydride (TMA) challenges enlarged the extent of the late phase of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), but less than those in TNF-alpha+/+ mice. Injection of anti-TNF-alpha antibody into the peritoneal cavity of Balb/c mice significantly decreased the extent of the late phase of CHS. Subcutaneous injection of anti-IgE antibody into Balb/c mice also decreased the extent of the late phase of CHS in dose-dependent manner. Histologically, infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and eosinophils was more pronounced in repeatedly TMA-challenged TNF-alpha+/+ and Balb/c mice than in the TNF-alpha-/- mice and anti-TNF-alpha or anti-IgE antibodies treated Balb/c mice.|For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Trimellitic acid (TMLA)

Exposure Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, nose, respiratory system; pulmonary edema, respiratory sensitization; rhinitis, asthma, cough, wheezing, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), fever, muscle aches, sneezing Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system (NIOSH, 2016)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION: If any of your laboratory personnel should inhale this chemical, remove them at once to open air and arrange for immediate transportation to a medical facility. INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Pulmonary edema from spraying epoxy resins on heated pipes has been attributed to fumes or dust of trimellitic anhydride ... Workers exposed at concn avg 1.5 and 2.8 mg/cu m of TMA suffered eye, skin, nasal and throat irritation, shortness of breath, wheezing, heartburn, nausea and headache.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values, 4th ed., 1980. Cincinnati, Ohio: American Conference of Governmmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 1980., p. 415]|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Trimellitic anhydride is irritating to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Irritation of the upper respiratory tract can occur immediately upon occupational exposure to a moderately heavy concentration of trimellitic anhydride and is generally accompanied by coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge. In susceptible workers, repeated inhalation of trimellitic anhydride dust or fume over a period of weeks to years can cause an allergic reaction.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the TLV's and BEI's with Other World Wide Occupational Exposure Values. CD-ROM Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634 2005., p. 2]|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ There appear to be three distinct syndromes /which occur with trimelltic anhydride exposure/. The first is rhinitis/asthma which can develop after exposure to trimellitic anhydride for weeks or months. The second syndrome has been termed TMA-flu," wherein a sensitization period of weeks or months is required. Wheezing, coughing, and dyspnea begin 4 to 8 hours after the end of a work shift and intensify at 12 hours, usually accompanied by malaise, chills, fever, and muscle and joint pain. These effects seem to be associated with relatively high levels of exposure to trimellitic anhydride. The third syndrome is primarily of an acute irritant nature, typified by sneezing and occasional nose-bleed, cough, dyspnea, and, rarely, wheezing. The symptoms abate after 8 hours.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the TLV's and BEI's with Other World Wide Occupational Exposure Values. CD-ROM Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634 2005., p. 2]|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Upper airway irritation (sneezing), bronchoconstriction (sensitization, asthma), pulmonary edema.[Kimbrough, R.D., P. Grandjean, D.D. Rutstein. Clinical Effects of Environmental Chemicals. New York, NY: Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1989., p. 30]|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (33 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

tri-mellitic anhydride

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, nose, respiratory system; pulmonary edema, resp sensitization; rhinitis, asthma, cough, wheezing, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), fever, muscle aches, sneezing

Cough. Headache. Nausea. Shortness of breath. Wheezing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Purity: 98%

All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing|5-Isobenzofurancarboxylic acid, 1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-: ACTIVE

Gas chromatographic determination of trimellitic anhydride (tma) via direct conversion of tma to trimethyl 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate in air samples.|Method: OSHA 98; Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography using ultraviolet detector; Analyte: trimellitic anhydride; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.623 ug/cu m.|Method: NIOSH 5036, Issue 1; Procedure: gas chromatography with flame ionization detector; Analyte: trimellitic anhydride; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 2 ug per sample.